Prepared by R.R. Donnelley Financial -- Final Prospectus
Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration Statement No.
333-76028
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To prospectus dated December 27, 2001)
4,500,000 Shares
SangStat Medical Corporation
Common Stock
We are selling 4,500,000 shares of our common stock. The shares are quoted on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol SANG. On February 4, 2002, the last sale price of the shares as reported on the
Nasdaq National Market was $17.60 per share.
Investing in the common stock involves risks which are described in the
Risk Factors section beginning on page S-5 of this prospectus supplement.
|
|
Per Share
|
|
Total
|
Public offering price |
|
$17.25 |
|
$77,625,000 |
|
Underwriting discount |
|
$ .99 |
|
$ 4,455,000 |
|
Proceeds, before expenses, to SangStat Medical Corporation |
|
$16.26 |
|
$73,170,000 |
The underwriters may also purchase up to an additional 675,000 shares at the
public offering price, less the underwriting discount, within 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement to cover overallotments.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or accompanying prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The shares will be ready for delivery on or about February
8, 2002.
Merrill Lynch & Co. |
JPMorgan |
Thomas Weisel Partners LLC
|
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC |
The date of this prospectus supplement is February 4, 2002.
Prospectus Supplement
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S-1 |
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S-5 |
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S-16 |
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S-17 |
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S-18 |
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S-19 |
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S-20 |
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S-21 |
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S-22 |
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S-32 |
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S-50 |
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S-52 |
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S-55 |
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S-55 |
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F-1 |
Prospectus
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i
Important Notice about Information Presented in this
Prospectus Supplement and the Accompanying Prospectus
In this prospectus supplement and
the accompanying prospectus, the terms SangStat, we, us and our refer to SangStat Medical Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
We provide information to you about the common stock in two separate documents: (a) the accompanying prospectus, which provides general information, and (b) this prospectus supplement,
which describes the specific details regarding this offering. If information in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the prospectus, you should rely on this prospectus supplement.
You should also read and consider the information in the documents we have referred you to in Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference and Where You Can Find
More Information on page 25 of the accompanying prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this
information, except for any information superseded by information contained directly in the prospectus or this prospectus supplement.
Except as otherwise indicated, the information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus assumes no exercise of the underwriters overallotment option to purchase additional shares of common stock.
You should rely only on the information incorporated by
reference or provided in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent
information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of those documents.
ii
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before deciding to invest in our common stock. We urge you to read this entire prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus carefully, including the Risk Factors section and the documents identified under Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference and Where You Can Find More Information in the
accompanying prospectus.
SangStat Medical Corporation
SangStat is a global biotechnology company expanding on its transplantation foundation to discover, develop and market high value therapeutic products in immunology, hematology/oncology
and auto-immune disease. Since 1988, we have been dedicated to improving the outcome of organ and bone marrow transplantation through the development and marketing of products to address all phases of transplantation in the worldwide market. We are
headquartered in Fremont, California. We maintain a strong European and U.S. presence, including direct sales and marketing forces in all major European markets and the U.S. and distributors throughout the rest of the world.
Historically, our business was comprised of two segments: pharmaceutical products and transplantation services. In October 2000, we implemented a new
strategy focused on growing a core business in high value therapeutics that builds on our expertise in transplantation but extends into new therapeutic areas. As a result of this new strategy, we decided to dedicate significant resources to our
pharmaceutical products segment, which consists of four marketed products and three principal product candidates. Consequently, on April 20, 2001, we sold our transplantation services segment, The Transplant Pharmacy, to Chronimed.
Our primary marketed product, Thymoglobulin, a treatment for acute rejection of a kidney transplant, was launched in the U.S. in February
1999. Thymoglobulin achieved worldwide sales of $30.6 million in 1999, $37.9 million in 2000 and $37.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2001. The success of Thymoglobulin and its potential in areas beyond
solid organ transplantation has provided us with the ability to examine and develop new therapeutic opportunities outside of transplantation.
We are now focusing on a variety of therapeutic products and product candidates to address the pre-transplant, acute care and chronic phases of transplantation as well as product candidates in immunology,
hematology/oncology and auto-immune disease.
We currently sell the following products:
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|
Thymoglobulin® (sold under the name
Thymoglobuline® outside the U.S.); |
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|
|
Gengraf® cyclosporine capsule (co-promoted
with Abbott Laboratories in the U.S.); |
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Lymphoglobuline (outside the U.S.); and |
Our principal products under development include:
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|
A smaller-size cyclosporine capsule; |
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ABX-CBL (anti-CD147 antibody in co-development with Abgenix, Inc.); and |
S-1
Strategy
Our objective is to be a leader in the research, development and commercialization of high value therapeutics in the areas of immunology, hematology/oncology and auto-immune disease. Key elements of our business
strategy are to:
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leverage our leading transplantation franchise to continue to capture market share and expand use of our transplantation products in the market place;
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expand the use of Thymoglobulin through post-marketing clinical studies and new clinical studies in areas such as hematological disorders and malignancies;
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develop and expand our technology and pipeline of products in transplantation and in new therapeutic areas; |
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continue to invest in a biotechnology research and development infrastructure to help us develop new products and bring them to the market; and |
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leverage our position as an established biotechnology company with a dedicated sales force in the U.S. and Europe. |
Recent Developments
On January
22, 2002, we reported that our revenues were $27.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2001, an increase of 48% versus the fourth quarter of 2000 and 9% versus the third quarter of 2001. We also reported at that time that our net income for the fourth
quarter of 2001 was $641,000, compared to a net loss of $5.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2000. This resulted in net earnings per share for the fourth quarter of 2001 of $0.03 per share, in comparison to a net loss for the fourth quarter of 2000
of $0.30 per share. In addition, we reported that our revenues for 2001 increased to $94.5 million, in comparison to $63.1 million for 2000, and that our net loss was $9.2 million, in comparison to a net loss of $44.4 million in 2000. Our net loss
per share in 2001 was $0.46, in comparison to a net loss per share in 2000 of $2.48. Furthermore, we reported that our cash position grew from $25.5 million at the end of the third quarter of 2001 to $32.8 million as of December 31, 2001.
We have experienced significant operating losses since our incorporation in 1988. As of September 30, 2001, our accumulated
deficit was $187.4 million. To date, our product revenues have been primarily derived from sales of Thymoglobulin, Gengraf and Lymphoglobuline. Revenues from Thymoglobulin, Gengraf and Lymphoglobuline were 55%, 30% and 8%, respectively, of total
revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2001. While we expect the quarter ended December 31, 2001 to be our first profitable quarter, we may recognize losses in subsequent quarters for a variety of reasons. If we are unable to
maintain or increase sales of our existing products, particularly Thymoglobulin, and develop and subsequently market our products in development, our business and operating results will be adversely affected. We also are subject to litigation.
Novartis sued Abbott for patent infringement with respect to Gengraf. Should Novartis succeed in obtaining a preliminary or permanent injunction, this injunction may temporarily or permanently remove Gengraf from the market.
Our principal executive offices are located at 6300 Dumbarton Circle, Fremont, California 94555, and our telephone number is (510) 789-4300. As used in
this prospectus supplement, the words we, us, our and SangStat refer to SangStat Medical Corporation, a Delaware corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Thymoglobulin®,
Thymoglobuline®, Lymphoglobuline, Celsior®, SangCya® and SangStat® are our registered trademarks. Gengraf® is a registered trademark of Abbott Laboratories, Inc. Neoral® is a registered trademark
of Novartis A.G.
S-2
The Offering
Common stock offered by SangStat Medical Corporation |
4,500,000 shares |
Shares outstanding after the offering |
25,460,674 shares |
Use of proceeds |
Repayment of existing debt and general corporate purposes, including in-licensing and partnering opportunities. In addition, we may use a portion of any net proceeds to acquire
complementary products, product candidates or businesses. See Use of Proceeds in this prospectus supplement. |
Risk factors |
See Risk Factors beginning on page S-5 for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.
|
Nasdaq National Market symbol |
SANG |
The number of shares
outstanding after the offering is based on shares outstanding as of December 31, 2001 and excludes:
|
|
|
3,487,577 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options and warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2001 at a weighted average exercise price of $18.13
per share; |
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|
490,286 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options reserved for issuance as of December 31, 2001; and |
|
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500,773 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of debt outstanding as of December 31, 2001. |
S-3
Summary Consolidated Financial Data
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
1996
|
|
|
1997
|
|
|
1998
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data) |
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
2,266 |
|
|
$ |
2,456 |
|
|
$ |
10,202 |
|
|
$ |
42,243 |
|
|
$ |
60,447 |
|
|
$ |
42,726 |
|
|
$ |
64,841 |
|
Collaborative agreements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
750 |
|
|
|
1,092 |
|
|
|
2,060 |
|
|
|
2,698 |
|
|
|
1,957 |
|
|
|
2,368 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
2,266 |
|
|
|
3,206 |
|
|
|
11,294 |
|
|
|
44,303 |
|
|
|
63,145 |
|
|
|
44,683 |
|
|
|
67,209 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs and operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
2,737 |
|
|
|
2,646 |
|
|
|
5,110 |
|
|
|
18,989 |
|
|
|
39,246 |
|
|
|
30,117 |
|
|
|
29,584 |
|
Research and development |
|
|
8,330 |
|
|
|
16,210 |
|
|
|
17,688 |
|
|
|
14,470 |
|
|
|
20,788 |
|
|
|
15,349 |
|
|
|
13,647 |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
|
5,652 |
|
|
|
9,442 |
|
|
|
23,707 |
|
|
|
39,170 |
|
|
|
41,766 |
|
|
|
33,791 |
|
|
|
25,455 |
|
Acquired in-process research and development |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,218 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
351 |
|
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
1,392 |
|
|
|
1,044 |
|
|
|
1,043 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
16,719 |
|
|
|
28,298 |
|
|
|
50,074 |
|
|
|
74,027 |
|
|
|
103,192 |
|
|
|
80,301 |
|
|
|
69,729 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations |
|
|
(14,453 |
) |
|
|
(25,092 |
) |
|
|
(38,780 |
) |
|
|
(29,724 |
) |
|
|
(40,047 |
) |
|
|
(35,618 |
) |
|
|
(2,520 |
) |
Other income (expense)net |
|
|
2,123 |
|
|
|
5,506 |
|
|
|
3,053 |
|
|
|
(913 |
) |
|
|
(1,602 |
) |
|
|
(1,572 |
) |
|
|
(5,795 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes |
|
|
(12,330 |
) |
|
|
(19,586 |
) |
|
|
(35,727 |
) |
|
|
(30,637 |
) |
|
|
(41,649 |
) |
|
|
(37,190 |
) |
|
|
(8,315 |
) |
Income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(257 |
) |
|
|
(345 |
) |
|
|
(368 |
) |
|
|
(106 |
) |
|
|
(345 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss from continuing operations |
|
|
(12,330 |
) |
|
|
(19,586 |
) |
|
|
(35,984 |
) |
|
|
(30,982 |
) |
|
|
(42,017 |
) |
|
|
(37,296 |
) |
|
|
(8,660 |
) |
Net loss from discontinued operation |
|
|
(444 |
) |
|
|
(1,394 |
) |
|
|
(2,480 |
) |
|
|
(2,025 |
) |
|
|
(2,342 |
) |
|
|
(1,589 |
) |
|
|
(1,144 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(12,774 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,980 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,464 |
) |
|
$ |
(33,007 |
) |
|
$ |
(44,359 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,885 |
) |
|
$ |
(9,804 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per sharebasic and diluted: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
(0.99 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.27 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.24 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.83 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.35 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.09 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.43 |
) |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
(0.04 |
) |
|
|
(0.09 |
) |
|
|
(0.15 |
) |
|
|
(0.12 |
) |
|
|
(0.13 |
) |
|
|
(0.09 |
) |
|
|
(0.06 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(1.03 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.36 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.39 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.95 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.48 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.18 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.49 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares used in per share computations |
|
|
12,405 |
|
|
|
15,376 |
|
|
|
16,080 |
|
|
|
16,888 |
|
|
|
17,910 |
|
|
|
17,857 |
|
|
|
19,973 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
|
|
Actual
|
|
|
As Adjusted
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments |
|
$ |
25,542 |
|
|
$ |
82,112 |
|
Working capital |
|
|
32,224 |
|
|
|
88,794 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
108,519 |
|
|
|
165,089 |
|
Long-term obligations, excluding current portion |
|
|
30,596 |
|
|
|
14,596 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(187,440 |
) |
|
|
(187,440 |
) |
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
31,814 |
|
|
|
104,384 |
|
The adjusted financial data give effect to the application of the proceeds from
the sale of the 4,500,000 shares offered hereby at the public offering price of $17.25 per share, after deducting estimated underwriter discounts and commissions and offering expenses.
S-4
This prospectus supplement contains forward-looking statements based on our current
expectations. You should be aware that these statements are projections or estimates as to future events, and actual results may differ materially. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, in addition to the other information
contained in this prospectus supplement and in any other documents to which we refer you in this prospectus supplement, before purchasing our securities. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face.
We have a history of operating losses and our future profitability is uncertain.
We were incorporated in 1988 and have experienced significant operating losses since that date. As of September 30, 2001, our accumulated deficit was $187.4 million. While we expect the
quarter ended December 31, 2001 to be our first profitable quarter, we may recognize losses in subsequent quarters for a variety of reasons. If we are unable to maintain or increase sales of our existing products, particularly Thymoglobulin,
and develop and subsequently market our products in development, our business and operating results will be adversely affected.
To date, our product revenues have been primarily derived from sales of Thymoglobulin, Lymphoglobuline, and Gengraf. Revenues from Thymoglobulin were 69%, 60% and 55% of total revenues in 1999, 2000 and the nine months ended September 30,
2001, respectively. Revenues from Lymphoglobuline were 19%, 12% and 8% of total revenues in 1999, 2000 and the nine months ended September 30, 2001, respectively. In addition, revenues from Gengraf were 18% and 30% of total revenues in 2000 and the
nine months ended September 30, 2001, respectively. Revenues from SangCya Oral Solution were immaterial in 1999, 2000 and the first nine months of 2001.
Our expectations with respect to achieving positive cash flow and financial reporting profitability are subject to risk and uncertainty. While we recently announced our first profitable quarter, we may not be able to
establish positive cash flow or to maintain or increase our financial reporting profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. Our ability to achieve positive cash flow and financial reporting profitability will be significantly dependent upon our
success in, among other things:
|
|
|
maintaining and increasing revenues from Thymoglobulin, Lymphoglobuline and Gengraf, particularly Thymoglobulin; |
|
|
|
successfully commercializing our product candidates, especially ABX-CBL and RDP58; |
|
|
|
limiting our manufacturing and selling, general and administrative expenses; and |
|
|
|
controlling research and development expenses. |
Our operating results may also be affected by the licensing of complementary products or the acquisition of strategic companies we may effect in the future. Any such acquisition or licensing could have the immediate
effect of causing an operating loss in future periods.
Fluctuations in quarterly and annual operating results may decrease our stock price.
Our quarterly and annual operating results may fluctuate due to a variety of factors, and these fluctuations may not match
the expectations of investors and any securities analysts. This could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline. We therefore believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results may not be a good indication of our
future performance, and you should not rely on them to predict our future performance or the future performance of our stock. Our operating losses have been substantial each year since inception. We also expect our operating results to fluctuate
significantly as a result of a number of factors, including:
|
|
|
the uncertainty in the timing and the amount of revenue we earn upon product sales; |
|
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our achievement of research and development milestones; |
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expenses we incur for product development, clinical trials and marketing and sales activities; |
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the licensing of new products or the acquisition of other companies; |
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the introduction of new products by our competition; |
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market acceptance of our products; |
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manufacturing capabilities; |
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cost of litigation; and |
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third-party reimbursement policies. |
Fluctuations in our operating results have affected our stock price in the past and are likely to continue to do so in the future. In particular, the realization of any of the risks described in this prospectus supplement could have a
significant and adverse impact on the market price for our stock.
Our future growth depends on sales of key products.
We expect to derive most of our future revenues from sales of Thymoglobulin, Lymphoglobuline, and Gengraf. We have limited experience selling our
products in the U.S. Our sales of Thymoglobulin began in the U.S. in February 1999. We began distributing Gengraf in May 2000. We are marketing Gengraf in the U.S. under a co-promotion agreement with Abbott Laboratories. Abbott may not effectively
market Gengraf, and its failure to do so may adversely impact sales of these products.
Because we expect Thymoglobulin,
Lymphoglobuline and Gengraf to be key revenue-generating products, any factor decreasing sales of these products, particularly Thymoglobulin, would harm our financial results. In addition, a delay in regulatory approval of our cyclosporine capsule
product would harm our future financial results. The following factors could harm the sale or approval of these products:
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the timing of regulatory approval and market entry relative to competitive products; |
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the availability of alternative therapies; |
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perceived clinical benefits and risks; |
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changes in the prescribing practices of physicians; |
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the availability of third-party reimbursement; or |
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product liability claims. |
In
particular, with respect to Thymoglobulin, the following factors may decrease sales:
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the price of our products relative to alternative therapies; |
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manufacturing or supply interruptions; or |
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competitive pressures from Novartis, Pharmacia and Roche. |
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With respect to Gengraf and our proposed smaller-size cyclosporine capsule, the following
factors may, in particular, decrease revenue:
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perceptions of both patients and physicians regarding use of a generic version of a critical, life-saving therapeutic; |
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perception of bioequivalence; |
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number of contracts with managed care providers and group purchasing organizations; |
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pricing pressure from other generic competitors; |
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intense competitive pressure from Novartis; and |
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Novartiss litigation with the Food and Drug Administration, the Medicines Control Agency in the U.K. and Abbott. |
From time to time, we have experienced seasonality in our product sales, which in the past has resulted in weakness in our first quarter results. We may
experience similar seasonality in this or other quarters in the future.
Two wholesalers account for a high percentage of our revenues, and the
failure to maintain or expand these relationships could harm our business.
A substantial portion of demand for our products
is from customers such as hospitals and pharmacies who purchase our products from wholesalers, including Cardinal Health Inc. and McKesson HBOC. Approximately 13% and 15%, respectively, of total revenues in 2000 were derived from sales to customers
who place orders through these two wholesalers, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2001, sales to Cardinal Health Inc. and McKesson HBOC accounted for approximately 27% and 18%, respectively, of total revenues. We expect that we will
continue to derive a substantial portion of our revenue from Cardinal Health Inc. and McKesson HBOC. The loss of either of these wholesalers could harm our business and operating results.
We may not be able to manufacture or obtain sufficient quantities of our products, which could lead to product shortages and harm our business.
Our manufacturing facility in Lyon, France, must meet FDA standards of Good Manufacturing Practices and other regulatory guidelines. The FDA and other regulatory authorities inspect
our manufacturing facility to ensure that it meets regulatory standards. We expect the FDA to inspect our Lyon facility as part of its regular inspection process. The FDA last inspected the Lyon facility from July 31August 6, 2000. The FDA
identified several deficiencies as a result of that inspection. We informed the FDA of our plans for addressing these issues. The FDA will review the adequacy of these actions at its next routine inspection. The FDA recently notified us that the
next inspection of our Lyon facility and the Aventis manufacturing facilities would occur in March of 2002. In addition, the Canadian Bureau of Biologics has scheduled an inspection of our Lyon facility for February. If the FDA or Canadian authority
believes that we are not complying with its guidelines, it can issue a warning letter or prevent the import of Thymoglobulin into the U.S. or Canada, which would cause an immediate and significant adverse effect on our business and operating
results. In addition, Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline are biological products, which are more difficult to manufacture than chemical compounds. Before our acquisition of the IMTIX division of Aventis in 1998, certain batches of Thymoglobulin did
not meet manufacturing specifications, resulting in a shortage of Thymoglobulin for commercial sale. We still rely on Aventis for certain important manufacturing services, including quality assurance, quality control, and lyophilization, a step in
the manufacturing process which involves removing the water from the product, similar to freeze-drying. Aventis may not continue to effectively and continuously provide us these critical manufacturing services. In addition, we may have difficulties
manufacturing Thymoglobulin or Lymphoglobuline in the future that may impair our ability to deliver products to our customers, which could reduce our revenues.
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Although we primarily use our own facilities to manufacture Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline,
we rely on third parties to supply us with raw materials. These third parties may stop supplying us with the materials we need at any time, and we may have to find new suppliers. We have six suppliers of rabbit serum used for the manufacturing of
Thymoglobulin. We recently had a dispute with two former suppliers of rabbit serum. IFFA CREDO and Elevage Scientifique des Dombes, two affiliated suppliers, sued our French subsidiary for breach of contract after we reduced our orders of rabbit
serum from them. As a result of a court ruling against us in this lawsuit, we recorded a charge of $3.3 million to other expensenet in the quarter ended March 31, 2001 which, combined with reserves recorded in fiscal 2000, fully provide for
the court award of $3.6 million. Although we believe the ruling was in error and have appealed the decision, we may lose this appeal.
Our
reliance on third parties for manufacturing may delay product approval or, once approved, result in a product shortage, which would reduce our revenues.
Except for Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline, third parties manufacture all of our products and product candidates. We rely on Abbott Laboratories and Gensia Sicor for the manufacture of bulk cyclosporine. Abbott
Laboratories manufactures Gengraf, and Fresenius Kabi France manufactures Celsior for us. Some of the risks associated with using third parties for manufacturing are as follows:
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the manufacturer may not pass a pre-approval inspection or, once approved, may not continue to manufacture to the FDAs and other regulatory authorities standards;
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the manufacturer may not timely deliver adequate supplies of a sufficiently high quality product in the time-line necessary to meet product demand; and
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we may not be able to obtain commercial quantities of a product at an economically viable price. |
In addition, we may not be able to enter into commercial scale manufacturing contracts on a timely or commercially reasonable basis, or at all, for our product candidates. Abgenix, from
whom we have licensed ABX-CBL, is responsible for maintaining the manufacturing agreement for ABX-CBL with Lonza Biologics PLC, the third party manufacturer of this product candidate. Similarly, we rely on Accucaps Industries Limited to supply us
with cyclosporine capsules and UCB S.A. to supply us with bulk RDP58 for research and clinical purposes. For some of our potential products, we will need to develop our production technologies further for use on a larger scale to conduct human
clinical trials and produce such products for sale at an acceptable cost.
If our manufacturers fail to perform their
obligations effectively and on a timely basis, these failures may delay clinical development or submission of products for regulatory approval or, once a product is approved, result in product shortages, which could harm our business and operating
results. Additionally, because our manufacturers can only manufacture our products in facilities approved by the applicable regulatory authorities, we may not be able to replace our manufacturing capacity quickly or efficiently in the event that our
manufacturers are unable to manufacture our products.
Government regulation imposes significant costs and restrictions on the development and
commercialization of our products, and we may not obtain regulatory approvals for our products.
Our research, preclinical
development, clinical trials, manufacturing, marketing and distribution of our products in the U.S. and other countries are subject to extensive regulation by numerous governmental authorities including, but not limited to, the FDA. In order to
obtain regulatory approval of a drug product, we must demonstrate to regulatory agencies, among other things, that the product is safe and effective for its intended uses and that the manufacturing facilities are in compliance with Good
Manufacturing Practices requirements. The process of obtaining FDA and other required regulatory approvals is lengthy and will require the expenditure of substantial resources, and we do not know if we will obtain the necessary approvals for our
product candidates. Further, for our approved products, the marketing, distribution and manufacture of our products remains subject to extensive ongoing regulatory requirements administered by the FDA and other regulatory bodies. Failure to comply
with applicable regulatory requirements can result in, among other things, warning letters, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, refusal of the
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government to grant pre-market clearance or pre-market approval, withdrawal of approvals and criminal prosecution of SangStat and our employees.
We may not achieve the anticipated benefits from the acquisition or licensing of other products or companies, and any such transaction could harm our business and operating
results.
We may use a portion of the funds from this offering or issue additional shares in connection with the licensing
of new products or the acquisition of other companies. We expect that the licensing or acquisition of products or companies in an early stage of development would require substantial additional investment prior to yielding anticipated returns.
Moreover, we may fail to ultimately realize any anticipated benefits for a variety of reasons including risks inherent to the research and development of early-stage products, competition, and integration risks related to new products, technology
and human resources. Moreover, integration of new products or companies may strain our existing financial and managerial controls, reporting systems and procedures. This may result in the diversion of management and financial resources from our core
business objectives and needs. Because we only recently expect to realize quarterly profitability, we would expect that any such acquisition or licensing could have the immediate effect of causing an operating loss in future periods. Furthermore,
the licensing or acquisition of new products or companies for cash could limit our financial resources, and the issuance of our stock in such a transaction could result in substantial dilution to existing stockholders.
Significant movements in foreign currency exchange rates may harm our financial results.
Many of our foreign sales are invoiced in local currencies, creating receivables denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily in the Euro and the Japanese yen but also
in the U.K. pound. The risk due to foreign currency fluctuations associated with these receivables is partially reduced by local payables denominated in the same currencies, and presently we do not consider it necessary to hedge these exposures. We
may revise our hedging policy from time to time as our foreign operations change.
A change in marketing strategy and a delay in product approval have
created excess perishable inventories that may result in significant reductions in our future gross margins.
We have
significant amounts of bulk cyclosporine active ingredient inventory that we are not using to manufacture finished product in the amount anticipated. This inventory was originally purchased for use in cyclosporine finished products to be sold in the
U.S. and Europe. However, since we are now distributing Gengraf in the U.S. and we have withdrawn SangCya Oral Solution from the U.S. market, we are dependent on the European market to use this inventory. We recalled SangCya Oral Solution from the
U.S. in July 2000 in response to a study in healthy volunteers that identified that SangCya is not bioequivalent to Neoral oral solution when mixed with apple juice as recommended in its labeling. We are no longer marketing this product. In
addition, since our CycloTech product is only intended for use with the SangCya Oral Solution, we have discontinued the distribution of CycloTech. Although we plan to obtain marketing approval for a cyclosporine capsule product in Europe, the
inherent uncertainty of the approval process makes it very difficult to forecast a launch date for this product. We currently expect to file for marketing approval of a cyclosporine capsule product in a European country by the end of 2002. If the
approval and product launch are delayed, we may not be able to convert all the inventory into finished product and sell it before its expiration date. As a result, we could write off portions of our bulk active ingredient in the future, which could
significantly reduce the gross margin reported for that future period.
If we do not develop and market new products, our business will be harmed.
To maintain profitable operations, we must successfully develop, obtain regulatory approval for, manufacture, introduce and
market new products and product candidates. We may not be able to successfully do this. Our product candidates will require extensive development and testing, as well as regulatory approval before marketing to the public. Our cyclosporine capsule
product candidate in Europe has been delayed and we
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do not anticipate filing for approval of a cyclosporine capsule product in Europe until late 2002. In addition, cost overruns and product approval delays could occur due to the following:
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unanticipated regulatory delays or demands; |
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unexpected adverse side effects; or |
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insufficient therapeutic efficacy. |
These events would
prevent or substantially slow down the development effort and ultimately would harm our business. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that our product candidates under development will be safe, effective or capable of being manufactured in
commercial quantities at an economical cost, or that our products will not infringe the proprietary rights of others or will be accepted in the marketplace.
If our preclinical and clinical testing of potential products is unsuccessful, our business will be harmed.
Before obtaining regulatory approval for the sale of any of our product candidates, we must subject these candidates to extensive preclinical and clinical testing to establish their safety and efficacy. If these tests are unsuccessful, we
will be unable to commercialize these products. Interim results of trials do not necessarily predict final results, and acceptable results in early trials may not be repeated in later trials. Success in preclinical testing and early clinical trials
does not ensure that later clinical trials will be successful. For example, we have delayed our expected filing for our cyclosporine capsule by approximately six months due to unanticipated results on an initial clinical trial for that product, and
we could experience further delays in the future for this and other products. Moreover, preclinical and clinical data can be interpreted in different ways, which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. Negative or inconclusive results or
adverse medical events during a clinical trial could cause a clinical trial to be repeated or a program to be terminated. We typically rely on third-party clinical investigators to conduct our clinical trials and other third-party organizations to
perform data collection and analysis and, as a result, we may face additional delaying factors outside our control. The rate of completion of clinical trials depends, in part, on the enrollment of patients, which in turn depends on many factors such
as the size of the patient population, the proximity of target patients to clinical sites, the eligibility criteria for the trial, the trial design, perceived risks and benefits, availability of the study drug and the existence of competitive
experimental or approved therapies. Any delay in planned patient enrollment in our current or future clinical trials may result in increased costs, trial delays or both. Our product development costs will increase if we have delays in testing or
approval or if we need to perform more or larger clinical trials than planned. If the delays are significant, our financial results and the commercial prospects for our products will be harmed.
Our business exposes us to the risk of product liability claims for which we may not be adequately insured.
We face an inherent business risk of exposure to product liability claims in the event that the use of our products is alleged to have resulted in adverse effects. Such risk exists even with respect to those products
that are manufactured in licensed and regulated facilities or that otherwise received regulatory approval for commercial sale. We could be subject to significant product liability claims. We currently have product liability insurance in the amount
of $25 million per claim and $25 million in the aggregate on a claims-made basis, which may not be adequate to cover potential liability exposures. In addition, adequate insurance coverage may not be available in the future on commercially
reasonable terms, if at all. The loss of insurance coverage or the assertion of a product liability claim or claims could harm our operating results.
We may be unable to attract or retain key personnel.
Our ability to develop our business depends in part upon
our attracting and retaining qualified management and scientific personnel. As the number of qualified personnel is limited, competition for such personnel is intense. We may not be able to continue to attract or retain such people on acceptable
terms, given the competition for such personnel among biotechnology, pharmaceutical and healthcare companies, universities and
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nonprofit research institutions. The loss of our key personnel or the failure to recruit additional key personnel could significantly impede attainment of our objectives and harm our financial
condition and operating results.
Our litigation with Novartis may be resolved adversely and could consume our time and resources.
We are involved in litigation with Novartis in the U.S., Italy and the U.K., which could potentially harm sales of Gengraf in the U.S. (due
to the U.S. regulatory litigation which would impact the labeling for all generic cyclosporine products), and SangCya Oral Solution and our cyclosporine capsule product candidates in Europe. The course of litigation is inherently uncertain, and we
may not achieve a favorable outcome. The litigation, whether or not resolved favorably to us, is likely to be expensive, lengthy and time consuming, and divert managements attention.
Novartiss patent lawsuit against Abbott with respect to Gengraf may be resolved adversely.
Novartis sued Abbott in August 2000 claiming that Gengraf infringes certain Novartis patents. The trial was scheduled for February 20, 2002, but has been postponed and a new trial date has not yet been set.
Novartiss complaint includes a plea for injunctive relief to prevent the sale of Gengraf in the U.S. The course of litigation is inherently uncertain: Novartis may choose to name us in this suit, Abbott may not prevail, or Abbott may choose to
settle on terms adverse to our interests. If Novartis names us in this suit, we may incur expenses before reimbursement, if any, by Abbott, who is obligated under our agreement to indemnify us against such suits but their indemnity may not cover
lost sales, if any. Should Novartis succeed in obtaining a preliminary or permanent injunction, this injunction may temporarily or permanently remove Gengraf from the market. If Abbott or we were forced to remove Gengraf from the market before our
co-promotion agreement with Abbott expires on December 31, 2004, our revenues would decrease materially.
Failure to protect our intellectual property
will harm our competitive position.
Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain and enforce patent protection for
our products and to preserve our trade secrets. We hold patents and pending patent applications in the U.S. and abroad. Some of our patents involve specific claims and thus do not provide broad coverage. Our patent applications or any claims of
these patent applications may not be allowed, valid or enforceable. These patents or claims of these patents may not provide us with competitive advantages for our products. Our competitors may successfully challenge or circumvent our issued patents
and any patents issued under our pending patent applications. Further, although we received orphan drug designation for Thymoglobulin for treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndrome, also known as pre-leukemia, we do not have patents on Thymoglobulin or
Lymphoglobuline. Therefore, we are primarily dependent upon our trade secrets for these products. We have not conducted extensive patent and prior art searches with respect to our product candidates and technologies, and we do not know if
third-party patents or patent applications exist or have been filed in the U.S., Europe or other countries. This would have an adverse effect on our ability to market our products. We do not know if claims in our patent applications would be
allowed, be valid or enforceable, or that any of our products would not infringe on others patents or proprietary rights in the U.S. or abroad. We also have patent licenses from third parties whose patents and patent applications are subject
to the same risks as ours.
We also rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how that we seek to protect, in part, by
confidentiality agreements with our employees and consultants. Our employees and/or consultants, however, may breach these agreements. We may not have adequate remedies for any such breach. In addition, our trade secrets may be independently
developed or misappropriated by competitors, which could harm our business and operating results.
We have registered or applied
for trademark registration of the names of all of our marketed products and plan to register the names of our products under development once we select a name for the product candidate. We have registered or applied for trademark registration of the
names of most of our products under development or commercialized for research and development use. However, we may fail to obtain these trademark registrations or our competitors may challenge them.
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We face substantial competition.
Each of the drugs we develop competes with existing and new drugs being created by pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, biotechnology companies and universities. Many of these entities
have significantly greater research and development capabilities, as well as substantial marketing, manufacturing, financial and managerial resources and represent significant competition. The principal factors upon which our products compete are
product utility, therapeutic benefits, ease of use, effectiveness, marketing, distribution and price. With respect to our products, we are competing against large companies that have significantly greater financial resources and established
marketing and distribution channels for competing products. A list of our key products and product candidates, identifying principal competitive products as well as the relevant competitors, is included in the Business section of this prospectus
supplement under Competition.
The drug industry is intensely price competitive, and we expect we will face this and other forms
of competition. Developments by others may render our products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive, and we may not be able to keep pace with technological developments. Many of our competitors have developed or are in the process of
developing technologies that are, or in the future may be, the basis for products that compete with our own. Some of these products may have an entirely different approach or means of accomplishing the desired therapeutic effect than our products
and may be more effective, more convenient or less costly. In addition, many of these competitors have significantly greater experience than we do in undertaking preclinical testing and human clinical trials of pharmaceutical products, obtaining
regulatory approval of such products and manufacturing them. Accordingly, our competitors may succeed in commercializing products more rapidly than we can.
Other treatments for problems associated with transplantation that our products seek to address are currently available and under development. To the extent these products address the problems associated with the
diseases on which we have focused, they may represent significant competition.
We depend on collaborative relationships and any failure by our
strategic partners to perform may harm our competitive position.
We have several strategic relationships for the
development and distribution of our products. In particular, we have entered into a multi-year co-promotion, distribution and research agreement for Gengraf in the U.S. with Abbott. We are dependent upon Abbott for certain regulatory, manufacturing,
marketing, and sales activities under the agreement and for defending the Novartis patent lawsuit. Abbott may not perform satisfactorily and any such failure may impair our ability to deliver products on a timely basis, or otherwise impair our
competitive position, which would harm our business. We have also entered into a Co-Development, Supply and License Agreement with Abgenix, Inc. with respect to the development, marketing and sale of ABX-CBL. We are dependent upon Abgenix for
certain development and manufacturing activities under the agreement. Abgenix may not perform satisfactorily and any such failure may delay regulatory approval, product launch, impair our ability to deliver products on a timely basis, or otherwise
impair our competitive position, which would harm our business. We may enter into additional collaborative relationships with corporate and other partners to develop and commercialize certain of our potential products. We may not be able to
negotiate acceptable collaborative arrangements in the future, or such collaborations may not be available to us on acceptable terms or, if established, be scientifically or commercially successful.
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Our stock price has historically been volatile, and you could lose some or all of your investment.
The market prices for securities of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, including ours, are highly volatile. For example, during
2001, the price of our common stock ranged from $7.50 to $24.87 per share. The stock market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. The
market price for our common stock may fluctuate as a result of factors such as:
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announcements of new therapeutic products by us or our competitors; |
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announcements regarding collaborative agreements; |
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governmental regulations; |
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our clinical trial results or clinical trial results from our competitors; |
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fluctuations in our revenues or profitability; |
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the licensing or acquisition of new products or other companies; |
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developments in patent or other proprietary rights; |
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public concern as to the safety of drugs developed by us or others; |
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comments made by securities analysts; and |
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general market conditions. |
Adverse economic conditions
could affect our customers.
A recession or other downturn in the U.S. or other regional economy could adversely affect our
customers, including wholesalers, which could reduce our sales or make it more difficult to collect payments from them on a timely basis. Terrorist attacks in New York, Washington, D.C. and Pennsylvania in September of 2001 have disrupted commerce
throughout the U.S. and Europe. The continued threat of terrorism within the U.S. and Europe and any ongoing military action and heightened security measures in response to this threat may cause significant disruption to commerce throughout the
world. To the extent that this disruption results in delays or cancellations of orders, a general decrease in spending on pharmaceutical products or our inability to effectively market and ship our products, our business and operating results could
be harmed. In particular, our Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline products are perishable and require express shipping, which may be curtailed or delayed because of security restrictions and border inspections. We are unable to predict whether the
threat of terrorism or the responses thereto will result in any long-term commercial disruptions or if such activities or responses will have a long-term adverse effect on our business or operating results.
The uncertainty of pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement may decrease the commercial potential of our products.
Our ability to successfully commercialize our products may depend in part on the extent to which adequate reimbursement for the cost of such products and related treatment will be
available from third-party payers, such as government health administration authorities, private health coverage insurers and other organizations. Third-party payers increasingly are challenging or seeking to negotiate the pricing of medical
services and products. In some cases, third-party payers will pay or reimburse a user or supplier of a prescription drug product only a portion of the purchase price of the product. In the case of our prescription products, payment or reimbursement
by third-party payers of only a portion of the cost of such products could make such products less attractive, from a cost perspective, to users, suppliers and prescribing physicians. Reimbursement, if available, may not be adequate. If government
entities or other third-party payers for our products do not provide adequate reimbursement levels, our results of operations would be harmed. The pricing, availability of distribution channels and reimbursement status of newly approved healthcare
products is highly uncertain.
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Healthcare providers may purchase Thymoglobulin, and other products, for off-label use (that
is, a use not specifically approved by the FDA or similar authority for other countries). Actions by the FDA or other authority to prevent off-label use or a decision by third-party payers not to pay for off-label use would adversely affect sales.
As a result, adequate third-party coverage may not be available for us to maintain price levels sufficient for realization of an appropriate return on our investment in product development. In certain foreign markets, pricing or profitability of
healthcare products is subject to government control. In the U.S., there have been, and we expect that there will continue to be, a number of federal and state proposals to implement similar governmental control. In addition, we believe that an
increasing emphasis on managed care in the U.S. has increased, and will continue to increase, the pressure on pharmaceutical pricing. While we cannot predict the adoption of any such legislative or regulatory proposals or the effect such proposals
or managed care efforts may have on our business, the announcement of such proposals or efforts could harm our ability to raise capital, and the adoption of such proposals or efforts could harm our operating results. Further, to the extent that such
proposals or efforts harm other pharmaceutical companies that are our prospective corporate partners, this may reduce our ability to establish corporate collaborations. We do not know whether consumers, third-party payers and others will consider
our products and product candidates, if approved, cost effective or that reimbursement to the consumer will be available or will be sufficient to allow us to sell our products on a competitive basis.
Our use of hazardous materials could result in unexpected costs or liabilities.
In connection with our manufacturing, research and development activities and operations, we are subject to foreign, federal, state and local laws, rules, regulations and policies governing the use, generation,
manufacture, storage, air emission, effluent discharge, handling and disposal of certain materials, biological specimens and wastes. As a result, we may incur significant costs to comply with environmental and health and safety regulations. Our
manufacturing, research and development involves the controlled use of hazardous materials, including but not limited to certain hazardous chemicals and infectious biological specimens. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and
disposing of such materials comply with the standards prescribed by foreign, state and federal regulations, we cannot eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials. In the event of such an accident, we could be held
liable for any damages that result and any such liability could exceed our ability to pay.
Anti-takeover provisions could limit our share price and
delay or deter a change in management.
Certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions
that could significantly impede the ability of the holders of our common stock to change management or delay or make it more difficult or even prevent a third party from acquiring us without the approval of our incumbent Board of Directors. These
provisions could limit or adversely affect the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. These provisions, among other things:
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limit the right of stockholders to call special meetings of stockholders; |
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limit the right of stockholders to present proposals, nominate directors for election or otherwise raise matters at annual meetings of stockholders without giving advance
notice; |
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eliminate the ability of stockholders to take action by written consent; |
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prohibit cumulative voting in any election of directors, which may make it more difficult for a third party to gain control of our Board of Directors; and
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authorize our Board of Directors to issue up to five million shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges, and
restrictions of those shares without any further vote or action on the part of stockholders. |
In addition, we
have adopted a stockholder rights plan. Under this plan we may issue a dividend to stockholders who hold rights to acquire our shares or, under certain circumstances, the shares of an acquiring corporation, at less than half their fair market value.
The plan could have the effect of delaying, deferring or
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preventing a change in control or management. The rights plan, if triggered, could cause substantial dilution to a person or group that attempts to acquire us on terms not approved by the Board
of Directors.
Further, we are subject to the anti-takeover provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law,
which will prohibit us from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, even if such
combination is favored by a majority of stockholders, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. The application of Section 203 also could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or management.
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus contain or incorporate by reference certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act, including those identified by the words believes,
expects and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, among others, statements regarding:
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our anticipated financial results for 2002; |
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the timeline and potential results of preclinical development and clinical trials; |
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potential outcomes of our and Abbotts litigation with Novartis; |
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our plans for marketing a cyclosporine capsule in Europe; |
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anticipated expenditures and timing related to FDA and foreign approval of our products and facilities; and |
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anticipated potential strategic collaborations with others. |
These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, including those set forth in the Risk Factors section, and actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these
statements. All forward-looking statements included in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus are made as of their respective dates. We assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statement or reason why actual results
might differ except as required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
S-16
We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of the 4,500,000 shares of
common stock that we are offering will be approximately $72.6 million, based upon a public offering price of $17.25 per share, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and our estimated offering expenses. If the
underwriters exercise their option to purchase 675,000 additional shares in the offering, we estimate the aggregate net proceeds to us will be approximately $83.5 million.
We anticipate that the net proceeds from this offering will be used for repayment of approximately $16.0 million existing indebtedness to Abbott Laboratories and general corporate
purposes, including in-licensing and partnering opportunities. In addition, we may use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire complementary products, product candidates or businesses, or to make strategic investments in other companies. We have
not identified the amounts we plan to spend on each of these areas or the timing of such expenditures, and we will have significant discretion in the use of any net proceeds. The amounts actually expended for each purpose may vary significantly
depending upon numerous factors, including the amount and timing of the proceeds from this offering and progress with our development programs. Expenditures will also depend upon the establishment of collaborative arrangements with other companies,
the availability of additional financing and other factors. Investors will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application of the proceeds of any sale of the securities. Pending these uses, the net proceeds will be invested in
interest-bearing, marketable securities. The loan made available to us by Abbott Laboratories bears an annual interest rate of 8.75 percent. As of December 31, 2001, the aggregate principal amount outstanding was $16.0 million. The loan matures on
December 31, 2004.
S-17
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY
Since 1993, our common stock has traded on the
Nasdaq National Market. We currently trade under the symbol SANG. The following table sets forth the high and low reported sale prices for our common stock for the periods indicated as reported on the Nasdaq National Market.
|
|
High
|
|
Low
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter through February 4, 2002 |
|
$ |
22.80 |
|
$ |
17.10 |
|
2001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter |
|
$ |
13.19 |
|
$ |
7.50 |
Second Quarter |
|
|
17.00 |
|
|
8.88 |
Third Quarter |
|
|
19.06 |
|
|
12.35 |
Fourth Quarter |
|
|
24.87 |
|
|
15.88 |
|
2000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter |
|
$ |
48.00 |
|
$ |
25.88 |
Second Quarter |
|
|
33.81 |
|
|
21.81 |
Third Quarter |
|
|
29.88 |
|
|
12.81 |
Fourth Quarter |
|
|
14.50 |
|
|
6.50 |
On February 4, 2002, the last reported sale price of our common stock on
the Nasdaq National Market was $17.60 per share. As of February 1, 2002, we had approximately 82 stockholders of record.
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not intend to declare or pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We plan to retain any earnings for use in the
operation of our business and to fund future growth.
S-18
The following table presents our unaudited capitalization as of September 30, 2001:
|
|
|
on an actual basis; and |
|
|
|
on an as adjusted basis to reflect the receipt and application of net proceeds of the sale of 4,500,000 shares of common stock in this offering at the public offering price of
$17.25 per share, less underwriting discounts and our estimated offering expenses. |
The number of
shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering does not include:
|
|
|
3,487,577 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options and warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2001 at a weighted average exercise price of $18.13 per
share; |
|
|
|
490,286 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options reserved for issuance as of December 31, 2001; and |
|
|
|
500,773 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of debt outstanding as of December 31, 2001. |
This table should be read with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements and
the accompanying notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus.
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
|
|
Actual
|
|
|
As Adjusted
|
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
Cash, cash equivalents and short term investments |
|
$ |
25,542 |
|
|
$ |
82,112 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term debt: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital lease obligationscurrent portion |
|
$ |
185 |
|
|
$ |
185 |
|
Notes payablecurrent portion |
|
|
5,405 |
|
|
|
5,405 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total short-term debt |
|
$ |
5,590 |
|
|
$ |
5,590 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital lease obligations |
|
$ |
381 |
|
|
$ |
381 |
|
Notes payable |
|
|
30,215 |
|
|
|
14,215 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total long-term debt |
|
|
30,596 |
|
|
|
14,596 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, $.001 par value, 5,000 shares authorized; none outstanding |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Common stock, $.001 par value, 35,000 shares authorized; outstanding: 2001: 20,883 shares actual; and 25,383 as
adjusted |
|
|
221,714 |
|
|
|
294,284 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(187,440 |
) |
|
|
(187,440 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
|
(2,460 |
) |
|
|
(2,460 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
31,814 |
|
|
$ |
104,384 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization |
|
$ |
68,000 |
|
|
$ |
124,570 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S-19
If you invest in our common stock, your interest would be diluted to the extent of the
difference between the public offering price per share of our common stock and the adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after this offering. Our net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2001 is $1.53. We
calculate net tangible book value per share by dividing net tangible book value, which equals total tangible assets less total tangible liabilities, by the number of outstanding shares of our common stock.
At the public offering price of $17.25 per share, our as adjusted net tangible book value at September 30, 2001 would have been $4.11 per share.
This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value per share of $2.58 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $13.14 per share to new investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering.
The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:
Public offering price per share |
|
|
|
|
$ |
17.25 |
Net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2001 |
|
$ |
1.53 |
|
|
|
Increase per share attributable to new investors |
|
|
2.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering |
|
|
|
|
|
4.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dilution per share to new investors |
|
|
|
|
$ |
13.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To the extent that outstanding options, convertible debt or warrants are
exercised, there may be further dilution to new investors.
S-20
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
You should read our selected consolidated financial data set
forth below in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto contained elsewhere in this prospectus
supplement and incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus. The selected consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000 and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31,
1999 and 2000 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement. The consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 and the consolidated
balance sheet data as of December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this prospectus supplement or incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus. The consolidated
statements of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2000 and 2001 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of September 30, 2001 are derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in
this prospectus supplement, and in the opinion of management include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, that are necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations for these periods. The
historical financial information may not be indicative of our future performance.
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
1996
|
|
|
1997
|
|
|
1998
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data) |
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
2,266 |
|
|
$ |
2,456 |
|
|
$ |
10,202 |
|
|
$ |
42,243 |
|
|
$ |
60,447 |
|
|
$ |
42,726 |
|
|
$ |
64,841 |
|
Collaborative agreements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
750 |
|
|
|
1,092 |
|
|
|
2,060 |
|
|
|
2,698 |
|
|
|
1,957 |
|
|
|
2,368 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
2,266 |
|
|
|
3,206 |
|
|
|
11,294 |
|
|
|
44,303 |
|
|
|
63,145 |
|
|
|
44,683 |
|
|
|
67,209 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs and operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
2,737 |
|
|
|
2,646 |
|
|
|
5,110 |
|
|
|
18,989 |
|
|
|
39,246 |
|
|
|
30,117 |
|
|
|
29,584 |
|
Research and development |
|
|
8,330 |
|
|
|
16,210 |
|
|
|
17,688 |
|
|
|
14,470 |
|
|
|
20,788 |
|
|
|
15,349 |
|
|
|
13,647 |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
|
5,652 |
|
|
|
9,442 |
|
|
|
23,707 |
|
|
|
39,170 |
|
|
|
41,766 |
|
|
|
33,791 |
|
|
|
25,455 |
|
Acquired in-process research and development |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,218 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
351 |
|
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
1,392 |
|
|
|
1,044 |
|
|
|
1,043 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
16,719 |
|
|
|
28,298 |
|
|
|
50,074 |
|
|
|
74,027 |
|
|
|
103,192 |
|
|
|
80,301 |
|
|
|
69,729 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations |
|
|
(14,453 |
) |
|
|
(25,092 |
) |
|
|
(38,780 |
) |
|
|
(29,724 |
) |
|
|
(40,047 |
) |
|
|
(35,618 |
) |
|
|
(2,520 |
) |
Other income (expense)net |
|
|
2,123 |
|
|
|
5,506 |
|
|
|
3,053 |
|
|
|
(913 |
) |
|
|
(1,602 |
) |
|
|
(1,572 |
) |
|
|
(5,795 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes |
|
|
(12,330 |
) |
|
|
(19,586 |
) |
|
|
(35,727 |
) |
|
|
(30,637 |
) |
|
|
(41,649 |
) |
|
|
(37,190 |
) |
|
|
(8,315 |
) |
Income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(257 |
) |
|
|
(345 |
) |
|
|
(368 |
) |
|
|
(106 |
) |
|
|
(345 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss from continuing operations |
|
|
(12,330 |
) |
|
|
(19,586 |
) |
|
|
(35,984 |
) |
|
|
(30,982 |
) |
|
|
(42,017 |
) |
|
|
(37,296 |
) |
|
|
(8,660 |
) |
Net loss from discontinued operation |
|
|
(444 |
) |
|
|
(1,394 |
) |
|
|
(2,480 |
) |
|
|
(2,025 |
) |
|
|
(2,342 |
) |
|
|
(1,589 |
) |
|
|
(1,144 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(12,774 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,980 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,464 |
) |
|
$ |
(33,007 |
) |
|
$ |
(44,359 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,885 |
) |
|
$ |
(9,804 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per sharebasic and diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
(0.99 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.27 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.24 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.83 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.35 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.09 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.43 |
) |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
(0.04 |
) |
|
|
(0.09 |
) |
|
|
(0.15 |
) |
|
|
(0.12 |
) |
|
|
(0.13 |
) |
|
|
(0.09 |
) |
|
|
(0.06 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(1.03 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.36 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.39 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.95 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.48 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.18 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.49 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares used in per share computations |
|
|
12,405 |
|
|
|
15,376 |
|
|
|
16,080 |
|
|
|
16,888 |
|
|
|
17,910 |
|
|
|
17,857 |
|
|
|
19,973 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
|
|
1996
|
|
|
1997
|
|
|
1998
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments |
|
$ |
41,321 |
|
|
$ |
92,036 |
|
|
$ |
29,660 |
|
|
$ |
26,519 |
|
|
$ |
20,607 |
|
|
$ |
25,542 |
|
Working capital |
|
|
40,727 |
|
|
|
93,812 |
|
|
|
46,828 |
|
|
|
63,991 |
|
|
|
39,774 |
|
|
|
32,224 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
44,750 |
|
|
|
104,354 |
|
|
|
107,327 |
|
|
|
117,297 |
|
|
|
114,316 |
|
|
|
108,519 |
|
Long-term obligations, excluding current portion |
|
|
1,100 |
|
|
|
1,557 |
|
|
|
16,402 |
|
|
|
49,496 |
|
|
|
44,689 |
|
|
|
37,702 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(40,826 |
) |
|
|
(61,806 |
) |
|
|
(100,270 |
) |
|
|
(133,277 |
) |
|
|
(177,636 |
) |
|
|
(187,440 |
) |
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
40,955 |
|
|
|
97,470 |
|
|
|
59,587 |
|
|
|
41,009 |
|
|
|
21,924 |
|
|
|
31,814 |
|
S-21
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, including the related notes, contained elsewhere
in this prospectus supplement. The following discussion also contains forward-looking statements about our plans, objectives and future results. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, and we assume no obligation to
update this information. Realization of these plans and results involves risks and uncertainties, and our actual results could differ materially from those discussed here. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those set
forth under the heading Risk Factors.
Overview
SangStat is a global biotechnology company expanding on its transplantation foundation to discover, develop and market high value therapeutic products in immunology, hematology/oncology
and auto-immune disease. Since 1988, we have been dedicated to improving the outcome of organ and bone marrow transplantation through the development and marketing of products to address all phases of transplantation in the worldwide market. We are
headquartered in Fremont, California. We maintain a strong European and U.S. presence, including direct sales and marketing forces in all major European markets and the U.S. and distributors throughout the rest of the world.
Historically, our business was comprised of two segments: pharmaceutical products and transplantation services. In October 2000, we
implemented a new strategy focused on growing a core business in high value therapeutics that builds on our expertise in transplantation but extends into new therapeutic areas. As a result of this new strategy, we decided to dedicate significant
resources to our pharmaceutical products segment, which consists of four marketed products and three principal product candidates. On April 20, 2001, we sold our transplantation services segment, The Transplant Pharmacy, to Chronimed, for cash
proceeds of $1.8 million. Consequently, the historical consolidated statements of operations and cash flows have been restated for all periods presented to account for the transplantation services segment business as a discontinued operation.
Unless otherwise indicated, the following discussion relates to our continuing operations and excludes our discontinued operation.
While we allocate scientists and track resources when required pursuant to the terms of a partnering or similar arrangement, members of our research team typically work on a number of products concurrently, and our
equipment and intellectual property resources often are deployed over a range of products with a view to maximizing the benefit of our investment. Accordingly, we have not and do not intend to separately track the costs for each of our research
projects on a product by product basis. For the nine months ended September 30, 2001, however, we estimate that the majority of our research and development expense was associated with our three leading product candidates, RDP58, ABX-CBL and
cyclosporine capsules. The balance of our expense was associated primarily with ongoing development of our marketed products, primarily clinical trials for Thymoglobulin, and early-stage product candidates.
We have completed Phase I clinical trials for RDP58 and subsequently started a Phase II proof-of-principle clinical trial in the U.K. in October 2001.
We currently expect to announce results of this trial in the second half of 2002. We are also conducting a Phase II/III study for ABX-CBL, which we expect to complete by the end of 2002. We are conducting bioequivalence and stability studies for a
cyclosporine capsule. If the results from these studies are favorable, we expect to file for marketing approval for this product in a major European country, which we currently estimate will occur in late 2002. We also have under way two clinical
trials involving Thymoglobulin. One trial compares Thymoglobulin with Simulect. The design of the trial included a pilot study to statistically determine the number of patients. We have completed the pilot study and have expanded the number of
patients in this trial. We now expect preliminary communication of the trial results data to occur during the second quarter of 2002 with the final results available in the second quarter of 2003. The second trial investigates the use of
Thymoglobulin in myelodysplastic syndrome; we aim to complete enrollment of patients into this study by the end of 2002. The primary end-point is 180 days after enrollment. Of course our timeline is
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an estimate that is subject to change from time to time. Due to the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with the development of our proposed drugs, we are unable to further specify with
meaningful certainty the estimated completion date or estimated cost of completion of our proposed products, or whether any of our products will eventually be successfully developed.
On January 22, 2002, we reported that our revenues were $27.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2001, an increase of 48% versus the fourth quarter of 2000 and 9% versus the third quarter
of 2001. We also reported at that time that our net income for the fourth quarter of 2001 was $641,000, compared to a net loss of $5.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2000. This resulted in net earnings per share for the fourth quarter of 2001 of
$0.03 per share, in comparison to a net loss for the fourth quarter of 2000 of $0.30 per share. In addition, we reported that our revenues for 2001 increased to $94.5 million, in comparison to $63.1 million for 2000, and that our net loss was $9.2
million, in comparison to a net loss of $44.4 million in 2000. Our net loss per share in 2001 was $0.46, in comparison to a net loss per share in 2000 of $2.48. Furthermore, we reported that our cash position grew from $25.5 million at the end of
the third quarter of 2001 to $32.8 million as of December 31, 2001.
Results of Operations
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2001 and 2000
Revenues. Total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 were $67,209,000, an increase of $22,526,000 or 50% over net sales including product recall returns of $44,683,000 for the
nine months ended September 30, 2000. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 was due to higher sales of Gengraf, which was launched in the U.S. in May 2000, and increased sales of Thymoglobulin.
Revenues from Thymoglobulin were 55% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 and 62% of total revenues for the
nine months ended September 30, 2000. Revenues from Lymphoglobuline were 8% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 and 14% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. Revenues from Gengraf were
30% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 and 13% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. Revenues from SangCya Oral Solution were immaterial both in the nine months ended September
30, 2001 and the nine months ended September 30, 2000.
Included in total revenues was revenue from collaborative
agreements of $2,368,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2001, an increase of $411,000 or 21% over revenue from collaborative agreements of $1,957,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. This revenue relates to milestone payments
from Abbott Laboratories under the co-promotion agreement for cyclosporine. The unamortized portion of these milestone payments is shown as deferred revenue on our condensed consolidated balance sheet and will be recognized as revenue on a
straight-line basis over the remaining term of the co-promotion agreement.
Cost of
sales. Cost of product sales and manufacturing expenses were $29,584,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2001, an increase of $11,028,000 or 59% over cost of product sales and
manufacturing expenses of $18,556,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. The increase in cost of product sales and manufacturing expenses was primarily due to increased sales of pharmaceutical products combined with the higher cost of
Gengraf as compared to our other products. We anticipate an increase in our total cost of product sales and manufacturing expenses in the fourth quarter of 2001 due to an increase in royalties due to Aventis on sales of Thymoglobulin, an increase in
manufacturing costs at our Lyon, France, production facility resulting from a program to improve quality assurance and control, and the higher cost of sales of Gengraf, if Gengraf sales continue to increase as a percentage of total revenues. We
further anticipate that this increase in costs may result in a lower gross margin in the fourth quarter of 2001 and that gross margin may remain at this lower level throughout 2002. Total cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2000
included a product recall reserve of $11,561,000 for SangCya Oral Solution that was taken in the second quarter of 2000. No such reserve has been recorded in 2001.
Research and development. Research and development expenses were $13,647,000 for the nine months ended September
30, 2001, a decrease of $1,702,000 or 11% from research and development expenses of
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$15,349,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. The decrease in spending on research and development mainly relates to a license fee payment and SangStats share of prior
development costs incurred by Abgenix for ABX-CBL totaling $3,400,000 for the nine month period ended September 30, 2000, which did not recur in 2001, and a decrease in spending on SangCya Oral Solution and related products. This decrease in
spending was partially offset by an increase in spending on RDP58 and ABX-CBL during the nine month period ended September 30, 2001.
Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 were $25,455,000, a decrease of
$8,336,000 or 25% over selling, general and administrative expenses of $33,791,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. The decrease in expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 reflects the results of SangStats cost
control efforts through the continuation of its cost-containment program, including a reduction in launch and marketing expenses for Gengraf, a reduction in SangStats share of Phase IV Gengraf study expenses, and a reduction in legal expenses
associated with the Novartis lawsuit.
Other
expensenet. Other expensenet for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 was $5,795,000, compared to $1,572,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. The increase in other
expensenet for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 is attributable to the following:
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$3,250,000 charge related to a breach of contract suit in Europe; |
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$437,000 gain on sale of marketable securities which was recognized in 2000; |
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$287,000 net increase in fixed asset disposal/retirement losses; and |
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$249,000 net increase in interest and other miscellaneous expenses (including the effects of the FINOVA loan termination agreement, partially offset by an $856,000
reimbursement claim we received from a supplier). |
Income
taxes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2001, we recorded a tax provision of $345,000 for European income taxes based upon the results of our European affiliates for the nine months of
2001. For the nine months ended September 30, 2000 we recorded a tax provision of $106,000 based on the results of our European affiliates for the corresponding nine months of fiscal 2000.
Net loss from continuing operations. Net loss from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30,
2001 was $8,660,000, a decrease of $28,636,000 or 77% compared to the net loss of $37,296,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000. The decrease in net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 was primarily due to higher product
sales and lower selling, general and administration costs, partially offset by higher cost of sales and manufacturing expenses, resulting primarily from the higher product sales, and higher research and development expenses. In addition, the nine
months ended September 30, 2000 included product recall expenses totaling $11,986,000 that did not recur in 2001.
Net loss
from operations of discontinued operation. Net loss for transplantation services for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 was $763,000 compared to a net loss of $1,589,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000.
The change in net loss reflects the sale of our transplantation services business, The Transplant Pharmacy, that closed on April 20, 2001.
Net loss from disposal of discontinued operation. Net loss on disposal of discontinued operation of $381,000 represents sale proceeds of $1,800,000 less estimated expenses of $2,181,000
incurred for the discontinued operation. These expenses primarily related to the costs associated with the closure of The Transplant Pharmacy operation including the employee severance and the estimated future lease obligations for the facilities
supporting The Transplant Pharmacy.
Years Ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998
Revenues. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2000 were $63,145,000, an increase of $18,842,000 or 43% over total revenues of $44,303,000 for the
year ended December 31, 1999. The
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increase was due primarily to sales of Gengraf, which was launched in the U.S. in May 2000, and increased sales of Thymoglobulin in the U.S., which accounted for $11,423,000 and $10,563,000 of
the increase, respectively. This increase was partially offset by lower sales outside the U.S. In particular, sales in Europe for the year ended December 31, 2000 were adversely affected by weakening currencies. Had average exchange rates remained
the same as in fiscal 1999, net sales in fiscal 2000 would have been higher by $3.1 million.
On June 29, 2000 we, in
discussions with the FDA that began on June 24, 2000, concluded that a recall of SangCya Oral Solution from the U.S. market would be required. Following further discussions with the FDA as to the type of recall and mechanism for conducting it, we
announced this decision on July 10, 2000. As a result, net sales for the year ended December 31, 2000 have been reduced by $872,000 for returns of SangCya Oral Solution from customers following the product recall.
Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1999 were $44,303,000, an increase of $33,009,000 or 292% over total revenues of $11,294,000 for the year
ended December 31, 1998. The increase was due primarily to sales of Thymoglobulin in the U.S. following the launch of that product in February 1999. In addition, total revenues in fiscal 1999 included a full year of sales of therapeutic products in
Europe as a result of the acquisition of IMTIX, compared with only one quarter of sales in fiscal 1998.
Included in total
revenues was revenue from collaborative agreements of $2,698,000 in 2000, an increase of $638,000 or 31% over revenue from collaborative agreements of $2,060,000 in 1999. Revenue from such agreements in fiscal 1999 represented an increase of
$968,000 or 89% over revenue of $1,092,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. In 2000 and 1999, we recognized revenue of $2,698,000 and $1,510,000 from milestone payments from Abbott Laboratories under the co-promotion agreement for cyclosporine.
The unamortized portion of these milestone payments is shown as deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheet and will be recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the co-promotion agreement. We also recognized
revenue from milestone payments of $550,000 and $1,036,000 in 1999 and 1998 respectively from Amgen under the collaborative distribution agreement for our cyclosporine products in certain territories outside the U.S.
Revenues from Thymoglobulin were 69% of 1999 revenues and 60% of 2000 revenues. Revenues from Lymphoglobuline were 19% of 1999 revenues and 12% of 2000
revenues. Combined revenues of these two products were 66% of 1998 revenues. In addition, revenues from Gengraf were 18% of total revenues in 2000. Revenues from SangCya Oral Solution were 16% of total revenues in 1998 and were immaterial in 1999
and 2000.
Cost of sales. Cost of sales was $39,246,000 for the year ended December 31,
2000, an increase of $20,257,000 or 107% over cost of sales of $18,989,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2000 was primarily due to the establishment of inventory reserves resulting from the U.S.
recall of SangCya Oral Solution. These product recall charges, which totaled $11,774,000, included a 100% reserve for all SangCya Oral Solution and CycloTech finished goods and components, as well as a partial reserve against our bulk cyclosporine
inventories that we do not expect to use prior to lot expiration. The remainder of the increase in cost of sales for the year ended December 31, 2000 was due to the overall increase in sales and the higher cost of Gengraf compared to our other
products.
Cost of sales of $18,989,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999 represented an increase of $13,879,000 or 272% over
cost of sales of $5,110,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The increase was primarily due to the increased sales of pharmaceutical products. Cost of sales in fiscal 1999 also included provisions of $1,865,000 for short-dated SangCya Oral
Solution finished goods inventory.
Research and development. Research and development expenses
were $20,788,000 for the year ended December 31, 2000, an increase of $6,318,000 or 44% over research and development expenses of $14,470,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999. The increase in spending on research and development for the year
ended December 31, 2000 mainly relates to charges for a license fee and reimbursement of development costs for ABX-CBL totaling $3.9 million, clinical trials to pursue label expansion of Thymoglobulin and continued pre-
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clinical work on RDP58, a product in development that inhibits synthesis of TNF-alpha. The expenses for the year ended December 31, 2000 also included $50,000 to cover the cost of terminating
SangCya Oral Solution clinical trials following the previously discussed product recall.
Research and development expenses of
$14,470,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999 represented a decrease of $3,218,000 or 18% over research and development expenses of $17,688,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The decrease in fiscal 1999 was due primarily to a reduction in
spending on clinical trials for Thymoglobulin and SangCya Oral Solution. Thymoglobulin was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on December 31, 1998 and was launched in the U.S. in February 1999. Following its approval in the U.S.
by the FDA on October 31, 1998, SangCya Oral Solution was approved by the Medicines Control Agency in the United Kingdom in February 1999 and was launched in that country in April 1999.
Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2000 were $41,766,000, an increase of
$2,596,000 or 7% over selling, general and administrative expenses of $39,170,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999. The increase was due primarily to the expenses of $2,758,000 associated with the launch of Gengraf. Expenses for the year ended
December 31, 2000 also included $379,000 to cover the cost of managing the product recall of SangCya Oral Solution and terminating ongoing marketing programs. These increases in expenses were partially offset by an overall reduction in spending
resulting from the cost containment measures announced in October 2000.
Selling, general and administrative expenses of
$39,170,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999 represented an increase of $15,463,000 or 65% over selling, general and administrative expenses of $23,707,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The increase in expenses in fiscal 1999 reflects
the inclusion of IMTIX expenses for the whole year and an increase in expenses incurred in the U.S. This increase was due primarily to sales and marketing expenses for Thymoglobulin and SangCya Oral Solution, as well as legal expenses relating to
the Novartis lawsuits.
Acquired in-process research and development. In connection with the
acquisition of IMTIX, we recorded a charge of $3,218,000 for purchased in-process research and development in 1998. This charge was primarily associated with the ongoing development of Anti-LFA1. During 1999, following our evaluation of the outcome
of the ongoing clinical studies, we decided to discontinue the development of Anti-LFA1.
Amortization of intangible
assets. Amortization expense for the IMTIX acquisition-related intangible assets was $1,392,000 for the year ended December 31, 2000, a decrease of $6,000 over amortization expense of $1,398,000 for the year ended December
31, 1999. Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 1998 was $351,000 since this expense occurred only in the fourth quarter of 1998.
Interest income. Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $2,016,000 compared to $1,865,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999, and $3,611,000 for the year ended
December 31, 1998. For both fiscal 2000 and 1999, the change in interest income versus the prior year primarily reflected the change in the average cash balance available for investment.
Interest expense. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $4,368,000 compared to $3,034,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999 and
$404,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. We recorded a full year of interest expense in fiscal 2000 on the notes payable to Aventis, Abbott Laboratories and the convertible note and eight months expense on the FINOVA note payable
compared to 12 months for Aventis, 6 months for Abbott and 10 months for the convertible debt in fiscal 1999. The increase in fiscal 1999 over 1998 reflected interest on the note payable to Aventis and Abbott Laboratories, and the convertible note
issued in March 1999.
Other income (expense)net. Other income (expense)net for the
year ended December 31, 2000 was income of $750,000 compared to $256,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999 and an expense of $154,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. In fiscal 2000 and 1999, income was provided primarily by gains on the
sale of equity securities of $437,000 and $223,000, respectively.
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Income taxes. For the years ended December 31, 2000 and 1999, we
recorded a provision of $368,000 and $345,000, respectively, for European income taxes based upon income earned by our European affiliates. For the year ended December 31, 1998, we recorded a similar provision of $257,000 based on income earned by
our European affiliates for the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998.
Net loss from continuing
operations. Net loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $42,017,000, an increase of $11,035,000 or 36% compared to the net loss of $30,982,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999. The
increase in net loss for fiscal 2000 was due primarily to the product recall returns and charges of $13,075,000 and increases in selling, general and administrative expenses, partially offset by the increase in net sales net of related cost of
sales. Net loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 1999 was $30,982,000, a decrease of $5,002,000 or 14% compared to the net loss of $35,984,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The decrease in net loss was due
primarily to the increase in net sales net of related cost of sales, partially offset by increases in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Net loss from operations of discontinued operation. Net sales of transplantation services for the year ended December 31, 2000 were $17,502,000, an increase of $3,637,000 or 26% over
sales of $13,865,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999. Net sales of transplantation services in fiscal 1999 represented an increase of $5,481,000 or 65% over sales of $8,384,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The increase in net sales in
both fiscal 2000 and 1999 was due primarily to an increase in the number of patients serviced by The Transplant Pharmacy. Net sales for all periods consisted entirely of drug sales to transplant patients.
Net loss for transplantation services for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $2,342,000, an increase of $317,000 or 16% compared to the net loss of
$2,025,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999. The increase in net loss was due primarily to the increase in operating expenses, partially offset by an increase in sales of The Transplant Pharmacy. Net loss for transplantation services for the
year ended December 1999 was $2,025,000, a decrease of $455,000 or 18% compared to the net loss of $2,480,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The decrease in net loss was due primarily to the increase in sales of The Transplant Pharmacy.
Impact of Litigation
The cyclosporine products that we sell are involved in litigation. Novartis sued our collaborator Abbott, claiming that Gengraf violates their patents. Although we are optimistic that these disputes will ultimately be resolved in our or
Abbotts favor, the course of litigation is inherently uncertain. With respect to Novartiss patent infringement lawsuit against Abbott, Novartis is seeking to remove Gengraf from the market. If Novartis succeeds, our revenues would be
reduced. With respect to the European regulatory and trade secret lawsuits, Novartis requested relief, if granted, could have a negative economic impact on us depending on how the U.K. Medicines Control Agency would proceed with our Marketing
Authorization Application for our capsule product. The Medicines Control Agency could approve our Marketing Authorization Application for our cyclosporine capsule as supra-bioavailable to Sandimmune without referencing Neoral data, or the agency
could decide not to approve the application for our cyclosporine capsule until the expiration of the ten year data exclusivity period for Neoral capsules (May 2004). If we cannot obtain approval of our cyclosporine capsule in Europe until 2004, this
could have an adverse impact on our business and operating results. With respect to the FDA lawsuit, Novartiss requested relief would mean that Gengraf and all other generic cyclosporine products that are not microemulsions would lose their AB
rating to Neoral. If Gengraf were no longer AB-rated to Neoral capsules, pharmacists could not automatically substitute Gengraf for Neoral capsules and this would harm our operating results. The litigation, if not resolved favorably to us, could
have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. Currently, none of these lawsuits involves significant time, resources or expense. The U.K. regulatory litigation may require additional time and expense in 2002 as we prepare for
the European Court of Justice hearing.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
During the first nine months of 2001 and 2000, the net cash used in continuing operating activities was approximately $2,914,000 and $16,436,000, respectively. The decrease in net cash
used in operating activities in
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the first nine months of 2001 was due substantially to a significant reduction in net loss and a reduction in other current assets due to the reclassification of $5,000,000 to cash and cash
equivalents. This cash had previously been treated as restricted since it served as collateral for the loan with FINOVA. However, the loan was repaid in June 2001 and the cash is no longer restricted. Other factors contributing to the net cash
provided by operating activities included an increase in accrued liabilities and a decrease in other receivables. Net cash used in continuing operating activities during the first nine months of 2000 was due to the net loss for the period and an
increase in other current assets following the establishment of a collateral account for the FINOVA loan, partially offset by a reduction in inventories, and increases in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The reduction in inventories was
primarily due to provisions of $11,561,000 relating to the product recall, which resulted in a corresponding increase in net loss for the period. For both periods presented, the net cash used in discontinued operation approximated the net loss of
The Transplant Pharmacy. As of September 30, 2001, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $25,542,000 and total assets of $108,519,000.
Net cash provided by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2001 was $5,598,000 as compared to the cash used in investing activities of $1,701,000 for the same period in 2000. The amount for the
nine months ended September 30, 2001 is primarily the result of a decrease in other assets, purchases of property and equipment and proceeds from the sale of The Transplant Pharmacy, partially offset by maturities of short-term investments. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2000, cash used in investing activities was primarily due to an increase in other assets reflecting $5,000,000 cash used as collateral for the note payable to FINOVA Capital, and the purchases of property and
equipment, partially offset by maturities of short-term investments.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine
months ended September 30, 2001 was $7,005,000 as compared to $20,609,000 for the same period in 2000. In both periods, cash provided by the sale of common stock was partially offset by the repayment of notes and capital lease obligations. In
addition, we borrowed $5,000,000 from FINOVA in 2000, which was repaid in June 2001. We completed two private placements in January and June 2001 for aggregate proceeds of $18,999,485. In January 2001, we issued 421,000 shares of common stock with a
group of institutional investors for aggregate proceeds of $3,999,500 pursuant to an agreement signed in December 2000. In June 2001, we issued 1,363,635 shares of common stock with a group of institutional investors for aggregate proceeds of
$14,999,985. In both cases, the shares were issued at a discount to the closing market price on the date the agreements were signed. We intend to use the proceeds to fund working capital requirements and meet scheduled loan repayment obligations. In
2000, we issued 451,128 shares of common stock to an institutional investor in February 2000 for aggregate proceeds of $15,000,006 and in December 2000, we issued 894,800 shares of common stock with a group of institutional investors for aggregate
proceeds of $8,500,600.
During the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, our net cash used in continuing operating
activities was approximately $25,610,000, $39,885,000 and $38,537,000 respectively. The decrease in net cash used in operating activities in fiscal 2000 was substantially due to a reduction in net inventories and increases in accounts payable and
accrued liabilities, partially offset by an increase in net loss. The reduction in inventories is primarily due to provisions of $11,774,000 relating to the SangCya Oral Solution product recall, which resulted in a corresponding increase in net loss
for the year 2000. Net cash used in 2000 also included an increase in other current assets reflecting $5,000,000 cash used as collateral for the note payable to FINOVA. In fiscal years 1999 and 1998, net cash used in operating activities was
primarily due to the amount of net loss incurred, as well as an increase in inventories and a decrease in accounts payable over the prior year. In fiscal year 1999 these uses of cash were partially offset by the receipt of $13,730,000 in milestone
payments from Abbott Laboratories in connection with our co-promotion agreement with Abbott. The cash used in the discontinued operation approximated the net loss of the discontinued operation for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998. As
of December 31, 2000, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $20,607,000 and total assets of $114,316,000.
Net cash provided by investing activities totaled $3,694,000, $4,245,000 and $6,489,000 during the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998 respectively. In fiscals 2000 and 1999, cash was provided by
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maturities of short-term investments, partially offset by purchases of property and equipment and short-term investments. In fiscal 1998 net cash provided by investing activities was primarily
from the maturity of short-term investments, partially offset by the use of cash for the purchase of IMTIX.
Net cash provided
by financing activities totaled $27,221,000, $39,521,000 and $29,000 during the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998 respectively. In both fiscal years 2000 and 1999, cash was provided by the issuance of notes payable and the sale of common
stock which are described in more detail in the following paragraphs. In fiscal year 1998 net cash was provided primarily by the sale of common stock, partially offset by repayments of notes and capital lease obligations.
In April 2000, we signed an agreement with FINOVA Capital Corporation to provide a line of credit of up to $30,000,000. The agreement was for three
years. The line of credit consisted of two elements: a $15,000,000 line of credit bearing interest at the prime rate and secured by a matching compensating cash balance, and a $15,000,000 line of credit bearing interest at the prime
rate plus 1.5% and based on eligible domestic accounts receivable and inventory. As additional security for the line of credit, we granted FINOVA a first priority security interest in certain of our tangible and intangible assets and pledged the
stock of our two French subsidiaries, IMTIX-SangStat SAS and SangStat Atlantique SA. The parties entered into an Amendment dated May 11, 2001, which provided that the Loan Agreement would terminate as of December 31, 2001, the portion of the line of
credit collateralized by accounts receivable and inventory would be eliminated, and FINOVA would waive the existing default and all early termination penalties with respect to the Loan Agreement. Subsequently, we repaid the loan balance of
$5,000,000 on June 29, 2001, thereby terminating the Loan Agreement. Since the loan has been repaid, the $5,000,000 compensating balance has been classified as cash.
In August 2000, we entered into a global co-development, supply and license agreement with Abgenix, Inc. for ABX-CBL, an antibody developed by Abgenix. The agreement provides us with an
exclusive worldwide license for the marketing and sale of ABX-CBL, an anti-CD147 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of steroid resistant graft versus host disease (GVHD). ABX-CBL is currently in a multicenter, randomized, and controlled Phase
II/III study. We made an initial license fee payment of $1,000,000 and an additional payment to Abgenix of $1,000,000 as partial reimbursement of one-half of the development costs incurred by Abgenix between January 1, 2000 and August 8, 2000. The
agreement requires us to pay a further $900,000 as reimbursement of these development costs in two equal installments at the end of June 2001 and 2002, the first of which installments has been paid. Development costs incurred after August 8, 2000
are being shared equally, as would any potential profits from future sales of collaboration products. We share responsibility for product development, including the ongoing clinical trial. Abgenix will be responsible for manufacturing ABX-CBL. We
also have the right, subject to the terms and conditions of the agreement, to commercialize other anti-CD147 antibodies developed by Abgenix. If ABX-CBL receives regulatory approval and is launched, we will be required to pay Abgenix for our share
of development expenses incurred prior to January 1, 2000. The amount has not been determined, but the agreement limits our obligation to $6,100,000. We do not have any obligation to reimburse Abgenix until the first anniversary of the launch of
ABX-CBL and the timing of reimbursement varies depending on ABX-CBLs sales.
In May 1999, we received a loan of $16
million from Abbott Laboratories. The loan bears interest at 8.75%, payable annually. The loan matures on December 31, 2004, and can be pre-paid without penalty at any time prior to maturity.
We believe we have sufficient funds to continue operations for at least the next twelve months. However, we may need to raise additional funds through additional financings,
including private or public equity and/or debt offerings and collaborative research and development arrangements with corporate partners in order to pursue new business opportunities. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors,
including our research and development programs, the scope and results of clinical trials, the time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals, the costs involved in obtaining and enforcing patents or any litigation by third parties
regarding intellectual property, the status of competitive products, the maintenance of our manufacturing facility and the establishment of third-party manufacturing arrangements, the maintenance of sales and marketing capabilities, the
establishment of collaborative relationships with other parties, and the costs of manufacturing scale-up and working capital requirements for inventory and financing of accounts receivable.
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Euro-Currency
The Single European Currency (Euro) was introduced on January 1, 1999 with complete transition to this new currency required by January 2002. We have completed all necessary changes to our internal systems and have
fully transitioned to the Euro. We expect that use of the Euro may affect our foreign exchange activities and may result in increased fluctuations in foreign currency results.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to market risk
related to changes in interest rates, equity security prices and foreign currency exchange rates.
Interest Rate
Sensitivity. We maintain a short-term investment portfolio consisting mainly of government and corporate bonds purchased with an average maturity of less than one year. These available-for-sale securities are subject to
interest rate risk and will fall in value if market interest rates increase. If market rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels at December 31, 2000, the fair value of the portfolio would decline by an immaterial amount,
which is consistent with the estimated effects at December 31, 1999. We generally have the ability to hold fixed income investments until maturity and therefore do not expect operating results or cash flows to be affected to any significant degree
by the effect of a sudden change in market interest rates on our securities portfolio.
Substantially all of our long-term
obligations bear interest at fixed rates which are not subject to future increases in interest rates. The fair value of these long-term obligations, including current portion, at December 31, 2000 was $45.2 million compared to book value of
$47.5 million (see Note 8 to Consolidated Financial Statements). The corresponding fair value at December 31, 1999 was $49.6 million compared to book value of $44.4 million. We therefore do not expect operating results or cash flows to be affected
to any significant degree by the effect of a sudden change in market interest rates. If our notes payable and convertible debt were subject to rate fluctuation, a hypothetical interest rate increase of 1% would have added approximately $475,000 to
our interest expense for 2000 and $440,000 for 1999.
Equity Price Risk. Following the sale of our
portfolio of corporate equity securities in December 1999 and January 2000 for a net gain of $660,000, we no longer hold any such securities.
Foreign Currency Risk. Many of our foreign sales are invoiced in local currencies, creating receivables denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily in the Euro and the
Japanese yen. The risk due to foreign currency fluctuation associated with these receivables is partially reduced by local payables denominated in the same currencies, and presently we do not consider it necessary to hedge these exposures. We intend
to re-assess our hedging policy from time to time as our foreign operations change. A 10% movement in the currency exchange rate would not have a material impact on our financial position or our results of operations.
All of the potential changes noted above are based on sensitivity analyses performed on our financial positions at December 31, 2000 and 1999. Actual
results may differ materially.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities. This Statement requires companies to record derivatives on the balance sheet as assets or liabilities, measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives would be accounted
for depending on the use of the derivative and whether it qualifies for hedge accounting. We adopted SFAS No. 133 effective January 1, 2001. The adoption of this statement did not have an effect on our financial position, operating results or cash
flows as we had no stand-alone or embedded derivatives at December 31, 2000 and had not historically entered into any derivative transactions to hedge currency or other exposures.
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations and SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. SFAS No. 141 requires that all business
combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 be
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accounted for under the purchase method and addresses the initial recognition and measurement of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired in a business combination. SFAS No. 142 addresses
the initial recognition and measurement of intangible assets acquired outside of a business combination and the accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets subsequent to their acquisition. SFAS No. 142 provides that intangible assets with
finite useful lives be amortized and that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives not be amortized, but will rather be tested at least annually for impairment. We will adopt SFAS No. 141 and SFAS No. 142 for our fiscal year beginning
January 1, 2002. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 141 and SFAS No. 142, we will stop the amortization of goodwill with an expected net carrying value of $9,750,000 at the date of adoption and annual amortization of $1,392,000 that resulted from business
combinations completed prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 141. We will evaluate existing goodwill and intangibles under the transitional impairment test in SFAS No. 142 and, accordingly, have not yet determined whether or not there will be an
impairment loss. Any transitional impairment loss will be recognized as a change in accounting principle.
In July 2001, the
FASB issued SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations. SFAS No. 143 addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated asset
retirement costs. It applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development, and (or) the normal operation of a long-lived asset, except for certain obligations of
lessees. The provisions of SFAS No. 143 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2002, however early application is permitted. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact of this Statement on our financial condition
and operating results.
In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived
Assets. SFAS No. 144 supersedes SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of, and addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of
long-lived assets. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. We adopted SFAS No. 144 on January 1, 2002. We have not yet determined the impact this statement may have on our financial position or operating
results.
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Overview
SangStat is a global biotechnology company expanding on its transplantation foundation to discover, develop and market high value therapeutic products in immunology, hematology/oncology and auto-immune disease. Since
1988, we have been dedicated to improving the outcome of organ and bone marrow transplantation through the development and marketing of products to address all phases of transplantation in the worldwide market. We are headquartered in Fremont,
California. We maintain a strong European and U.S. presence, including direct sales and marketing forces in all major European markets and the U.S. and distributors throughout the rest of the world.
Historically, our business was comprised of two segments: pharmaceutical products and transplantation services. In October 2000, we implemented a new
strategy focused on growing a core business in high value therapeutics that builds on our expertise in transplantation but extends into new therapeutic areas. As a result of this new strategy, we decided to dedicate significant resources to our
pharmaceutical products segment, which consists of four marketed products and three principal product candidates. Consequently, on April 20, 2001, we sold our transplantation services segment, The Transplant Pharmacy, to Chronimed.
Our primary marketed product, Thymoglobulin, a treatment for acute rejection of a kidney transplant, was launched in February 1999.
Thymoglobulin achieved worldwide sales of $30.6 million in 1999, $37.9 million in 2000 and $37.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2001. The success of Thymoglobulin and its potential in areas beyond solid organ
transplantation has provided us with the ability to examine and develop new therapeutic opportunities outside of transplantation.
We are now focusing on a variety of therapeutic products and product candidates to address the pre-transplant, acute care and chronic phases of transplantation as well as product candidates in immunology, hematology/oncology and auto-immune
disease.
We currently sell the following products:
|
|
|
Thymoglobulin® (sold under the name
Thymoglobuline® outside the U.S.); |
|
|
|
Gengraf® cyclosporine capsule (co-promoted
with Abbott Laboratories in the U.S.); |
|
|
|
Lymphoglobuline (outside the U.S.); and |
Our principal products under development include:
|
|
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A smaller-size cyclosporine capsule; |
|
|
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ABX-CBL (anti-CD147 antibody in co-development with Abgenix, Inc.); and |
Background
Organ Transplantation
Organ
transplantation can save or improve the lives of patients with organ failures. Transplantation involves surgically replacing the diseased or failed organ of a transplant recipient with a healthy organ from a donor. Industry sources report
that each year approximately 20,000 patients in the U.S. receive donated organs, and we estimate that there are approximately twice that number of patients worldwide. While the size of the transplant population is difficult to ascertain at any given
time, industry participants believe the population of organ transplant survivors to be more than 200,000 worldwide. Currently, there are approximately 260 transplant centers in the U.S.
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In order to prevent rejection of implanted organs, most recipients must begin a life-long
regimen of immunosuppressive therapy immediately upon receiving a donated organ. This immunosuppressive regimen usually requires daily therapy in order to prevent organ rejection and graft loss. Products that supplement immunosuppression can reduce
the frequency and severity of rejection and infection episodes. These products can potentially enhance patient outcomes, while providing potential cost savings in the treatment of transplantation and its associated side effects. Our product Gengraf,
an immunosuppressant, is approved in the U.S. for the prevention of kidney, liver and heart rejection.
The Transplant Immune
Response
The function of the immune system is to protect the body from damage caused by invading microorganisms or other
foreign matter. Differences between a donors and a recipients antigens can lead to the recognition of the donors organ as foreign matter by the recipients immune system. Specifically, the donor organ antigens are recognized
by the immune system of the graft recipient as being non-self, triggering the immune system to attack and invade the graft. When the recipients immune system attacks and invades the donated graft, rejection and loss of the graft
often occur. Thymoglobulin is approved for acute kidney graft rejection in the U.S., and Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline are approved for both prevention and treatment of acute graft rejection in various countries outside the U.S.
The Transplant Process
A typical transplant patient progresses through three phases:
|
|
|
The Pre-Transplant Phase |
A
transplant candidate is registered on a national computerized waiting list. A candidate usually waits months or even years for a compatible organ. Organs harvested from donors are stored in a preservation solution such as Celsior to prevent
deterioration. Each organ is cross-matched with potential recipients. The organ is then shipped in the same organ preservation solution to the recipients transplant center.
|
|
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The Acute Phase (Surgery and First Year Post-Transplant) |
After transplantation, the physician must prevent graft rejection for the transplant to be a success. Consequently, the success of the transplant is highly dependent on the immunosuppressive regimen that is initiated
at the time of transplantation and continued daily for the rest of the patients life. Organ recipients must be regularly monitored to measure the bodys immune response and blood drug levels and to help identify acute rejection episodes.
Many patients undergo one or more rejection episodes in the first year after transplant and require additional immunosuppressants.
|
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The Chronic Phase (Lifetime Post-Transplant) |
The use of immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine, initiated during the acute phase, is continued daily throughout the patients lifetime to minimize or prevent the loss of the organ by rejection. These drugs
impair the recipients immune system in order to reduce the immune response against the graft. Even with the use of immunosuppressants, industry sources report that patients have an approximate 20% to 50% risk of losing a donated organ during
the first three years following transplantation, and approximately 20% to 65% after five years. These percentages differ depending on the type of transplant. Chronic use of immunosuppressants can also lead to serious side effects, including
life-threatening infections, kidney or liver toxicity and cancer.
Aplastic Anemia
Aplastic anemia, which primarily affects young people, is a disease in which the stem cells disappear from the bone marrow. Aplastic anemia has a high mortality rate and, even with
treatment, quality of life is poor. A lack of stem cells in the bone marrow inhibits the production of blood cells. As a result, patients with this disease are dependent on weekly blood transfusions that require frequent visits to the
physicians offices. Both Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline are approved in certain countries outside of the U.S. for treatment of
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aplastic anemia, and we believe that the majority of sales of Lymphoglobuline in Japan are for the treatment of aplastic anemia. Current treatments for severe aplastic anemia include
immunosuppressants and, if necessary, bone marrow transplantation.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Myelodysplastic Syndrome, or MDS, also referred to as pre-leukemia, is a rare disease in which the bone marrow functions abnormally and does not produce
enough normal blood cells. The incidence of MDS is not known, but it is believed that there are approximately 10,000 to 20,000 new cases in the U.S. each year with the number increasing. Approximately 30% of patients with MDS may have their disease
progress to develop into acute leukemia, a form of cancer where the patient has too many white blood cells. Weekly blood transfusions remains the principal therapy for less advanced types of MDS. Current treatments for the advanced types of the
disease include chemotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. However, these therapies are ineffective or not available in the majority of cases.
We have orphan drug status for Thymoglobulin for the treatment of MDS and have a Phase IIb clinical study ongoing.
Bone Marrow or Stem Cell Transplantation
Bone marrow or stem cell transplantation is a standard therapy
for many disease states, primarily cancer or pre-cancerous diseases. Stem cells, found in the peripheral blood or in the bone marrow, are given by an intravenous infusion to re-establish marrow function in a patient after ablation of the
patients bone marrow.
Immunosuppressive therapy, primarily anti-thymocyte globulin, or ATG, such as Lymphoglobuline and
Thymoglobulin, chemotherapeutic agents and/or irradiation are given as part of a conditioning regimen. The goal of this regimen is threefold: to limit the patients ability to mount an immune response to the new bone marrow or stem cells, to
provide space for the new cells, and to destroy any residual cancer if the patient is being treated for a malignancy.
Some of
these patients experience graft versus host disease, or GVHD. This is a condition in which the graft (i.e. the new immune system) begins to reject the host (i.e. the body). GVHD is a life-threatening complication that frequently occurs following an
allogeneic bone marrow transplant. An allogeneic bone marrow transplant procedure involves transferring donor hemopoetic stem cells, the graft, from a healthy person into an immunosuppressed patient, the host. The transplant is intended to restore
normal circulating blood and immune cells to a patient whose own hemopoetic and immune system has been ablated by the treatment of an underlying disease such as cancer and the conditioning regimen. Often a portion of the donor graft recognizes the
hosts own cells as foreign, becomes activated and attacks them, resulting in GVHD. GVHD typically involves damage to multiple organ systems, including the skin, liver and intestines. ABX-CBL is initially being developed to treat
steroid-resistant GVHD.
Crohns Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis are similar diseases that are often grouped together as inflammatory bowel disease. Industry sources estimate that there may be up to
1,000,000 Americans who suffer from inflammatory bowel disease. Crohns disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that usually causes diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever and rectal bleeding. Ulcerative colitis is a
similar disease to Crohns disease, but only infects the large intestine and is characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the innermost lining of the colon. Symptoms include diarrhea and sometimes abdominal pain. We are developing RDP58
for the treatment of both diseases.
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Products and Product Candidates
The following table summarizes our principal products and product candidates.
Marketed Product
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Indications/Potential Clinical Use
|
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Status
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Marketing Rights
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Thymoglobulin/ Thymoglobuline |
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Prevention and treatment of acute graft rejection, severe aplastic anemia and steroid resistant GVHD |
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U.S.: Approved for treatment of acute kidney rejection episodes EU: Approved for prophylaxis and rejection in kidney,
pancreas, and liver transplants; treatment of rejection crisis and acute GVHD in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation; and aplastic anemia |
|
SangStat |
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Gengraf |
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Chronic immuosuppression (prevents organ rejection) |
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U.S.: Approved |
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SangStat and Abbott Laboratories jointly (U.S.) |
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Lymphoglobuline |
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Prevention and treatment of acute graft rejection, severe aplastic anemia and steroid resistant GVHD |
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Over 45 countries other than the U.S.: Approved |
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SangStat |
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Celsior |
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Preservation of organs prior to transplantation |
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U.S.: Approved only for cardiac transplantation |
|
SangStat |
Product Candidate
|
|
Indications/Potential Clinical Use
|
|
Status
|
|
Commercialization Rights
|
Smaller-Size Cyclosporine Capsule |
|
Chronic immunosuppression (prevents organ rejection) |
|
Bioequivalence study ongoing |
|
SangStat |
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ABX-CBL |
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Treatment of steroid resistant GVHD |
|
Phase II/III |
|
SangStat and Abgenix |
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RDP58 |
|
Ulcerative colitis Crohns disease |
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Phase IIb |
|
SangStat |
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Marketed Products
Thymoglobulin®
Thymoglobulin is a pasteurized anti-thymocyte rabbit immunoglobulin that induces immunosuppression as a result of T-cell depletion and immune
modulation. Thymoglobulin is made up of a variety of antibodies that recognize key receptors on T-cells, the cells of a transplant recipients immune system that recognize and ultimately reject foreign objects such as transplanted organs. While
the exact mechanism is unknown, researchers believe Thymoglobulin antibodies may inactivate and kill these T-cells, thus neutralizing the rejection process and allowing the transplanted organ to recover. Thymoglobulin is also used to treat aplastic
anemia and steroid resistant GVHD. Thymoglobulin is approved in the U.S. only for treatment of kidney transplant acute rejection episodes.
Market
We (or our distributors) market Thymoglobulin in 56 countries, with a majority of our revenues coming from Europe and the U.S. We launched
Thymoglobulin in the U.S. in February 1999. In the U.S., Thymoglobulin is currently approved for treatment of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. In other countries where Thymoglobulin is marketed, it generally has the following
indications:
|
|
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prophylaxis and rejection in kidney, pancreas, and liver transplants; |
|
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treatment of rejection crisis and acute GVHD in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation; and |
We market and sell
Thymoglobulin outside Europe and North America through distributors. We have a distribution agreement with Aventis for most countries outside of Europe and North America where Thymoglobulin is marketed. We have also entered into distribution
agreements with distributors in certain Asian countries and are currently re-negotiating our distribution agreement with Aventis to obtain the right to distribute directly in certain territories and extend the period covered by the agreement.
Additional Clinical Studies
We have initiated a comparative induction study of Thymoglobulin versus Simulect, a monoclonal antibody marketed by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Novartis) in high-risk renal transplant recipients. Our
intent in this study is to generate data comparing the clinical effects of Thymoglobulin with Simulect. It is not our intent to use this trial, and the FDA has indicated that this trial will not be sufficient, to support label indication changes or
expansion. This 340 patient prospective, randomized, open-label study is being conducted in over 20 transplant centers in the U.S. and Europe. Primary endpoints at 6 months will be graft survival, patient survival and incidence of acute
rejection. We will also capture other important clinical data such as infections and incidence of delayed graft function. Currently, 250 patients have enrolled in the study and we expect patient enrollment to be completed by the second
quarter of 2002. We expect preliminary communication of the trial results to occur during the second quarter of 2002 with the final results available in the second quarter of 2003.
|
|
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Hematological Disorders and Malignancies |
We have also initiated an open-label prospective, randomized, multi-center Phase IIb trial with Thymoglobulin in MDS. SangStat received orphan drug designation for Thymoglobulin for treatment of MDS in September 2000.
Orphan drug designation is granted to applicants when the prevalence of the disease for which approval is sought occurs in less than 200,000 patients in the U.S. The advantages of this designation include a waiver of the user fee, possible marketing
exclusivity and tax credits for development costs. These advantages are intended to encourage sponsors to develop drugs for patients with rare diseases.
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The standard of care for low-risk MDS patients is weekly blood transfusions.
The primary endpoint in this trial is transfusion independence at six months post therapy. This is an open-label randomized trial comparing observation (the control arm) to treatment with Thymoglobulin (3.25mg/kg for four days). Patient enrollment
began in October 2000. In part because this is a rare disease, as evidenced by its orphan drug status, patient enrollment to date has been relatively slow. There are currently 25 patients enrolled in the study. We continue to expand the number of
centers participating in the study with the aim of completing enrollment of 72 patients into the study by the end of 2002.
Gengraf® Cyclosporine Capsules
Cyclosporine, first approved in the U.S. in 1983, is a potent immunosuppressive agent. Cyclosporine inhibits the synthesis and
release of the cytokine interleukin-2, which is essential to the bodys immune response to transplanted organs. Gengraf cyclosporine capsule, a product of Abbott Laboratories, Inc., is a generic version of Neoral® capsules, which is marketed by Novartis. SangStat and Abbott co-promote and distribute Gengraf in the U.S. Gengraf is normally
taken daily over the lifetime of the organ recipient to prevent organ rejection.
Cyclosporine Market
Cyclosporine is the leading immunosuppressive drug used to prevent organ and graft rejection in transplantation. Industry sources report that
each year approximately 20,000 patients in the U.S. receive donated organs, and we estimate that there are approximately twice that number of patients receiving donated organs worldwide. While the size of the transplant population is difficult to
ascertain at any given time, industry participants believe the population of organ transplant survivors to be more than 200,000 patients worldwide. The majority of these patients are prescribed daily doses of cyclosporine for the rest of their
lives. Cyclosporine is also indicated for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and adult non-immunocompromised psoriasis patients. Worldwide sales of cyclosporine are greater than $1 billion per year. The U.S. market is approximately
$500 million.
We entered into an agreement with Abbott in May 1999 for the co-promotion, distribution and research in the
U.S. of Gengraf and SangCya Oral Solution. SangCya Oral Solution, which is a generic version of Neoral oral solution, was withdrawn from the U.S. market in July 2000 and is currently being sold on a limited basis only in the United Kingdom.
We launched Gengraf cyclosporine capsules in May 2000 in the U.S. through our combined SangStat/Abbott sales force.
Gengrafs indications are identical to Neorals indications and include (i) the prophylaxis of organ rejection in kidney, liver and heart allogeneic transplants; (ii) the treatment of patients with severe, active rheumatoid arthritis where
the disease has not adequately responded to methotrexate; and (iii) the treatment of adult, non-immunocompromised patients with severe (i.e. extensive and/or disabling), recalcitrant, plaque psoriasis who have failed to respond to at least one
systemic therapy (e.g. PUVA, retinoids or methotrexate), or in patients for whom either systemic therapies are contraindicated or cannot be tolerated.
Lymphoglobuline
Lymphoglobuline is an anti-thymocyte equine immunoglobulin that induces
immunosuppression as a result of T-cell depletion and immune modulation. In certain countries outside the U.S., it is approved for the prevention and treatment of rejection episodes in kidney, heart, pancreas, or liver transplantation. In
hematology, Lymphoglobuline is approved in certain countries outside the U.S. for treatment of aplastic anemia and in the treatment of steroid resistant GVHD.
Market
We (or our distributors) market Lymphoglobuline in over 45 countries outside the
U.S. Our sales force markets this product in Europe and Canada. Outside these countries, we sell Lymphoglobuline through our distribution agreement with Aventis or through other distributors. Aventis markets this product in Japan, where
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we believe a high percentage of sales occur for treatment of aplastic anemia. We hope to address U.S. market opportunities for Lymphoglobuline with the sale of Thymoglobulin. Therefore, we have
no plans to seek approval for Lymphoglobuline in the U.S.
Celsior®
Celsior is a storage solution for organs after removal from the donor and before transplantation into the recipient. It is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, extracellular solution for hypothermic flushing and storage of hearts. Early graft loss
remains a significant problem associated with cardiac transplantation and damage to the heart tissue can occur due to inadequate preservation. Effective organ preservation includes initial flushing of the heart tissue during the recovery process and
cold storage while the donor heart is transported to the recipient. Celsior is the first and only flush and cold storage solution approved by the FDA for cardiac transplantation. It was designed specifically for cardiac transplantation to minimize
myocardial edema, oxygen free radical-induced reperfusion injury, and diastolic stiffness.
Market
We sell Celsior throughout Europe, and we commenced marketing the product in the U.S. in September 1999. Celsior is approved for marketing in
the U.S. only in connection with cardiac transplantation. Outside of Europe and North America, we sell Celsior through our distribution agreement with Aventis or through other distributors. In 1999, industry sources report that there were
approximately 4,000 cardiac and lung transplants worldwide.
Principal Products In Development
Consistent with our strategic changes in October of 2000, we leveraged our success with Thymoglobulin to expand our research and development initiatives
to include areas outside of transplantation, including immunology, hematology/oncology and auto-immune disease. Our research and development expenses were $17.7 million in 1998, $14.5 million in 1999, $20.8 million in 2000, and $13.6 million
for the nine months ended September 30, 2001. These expenses primarily relate to additional indications for marketed products and new products in development.
We currently have three principal products in development:
Cyclosporine Capsules
We have an exclusive license to a pending patent application on a novel smaller-size cyclosporine capsule formulation from TrisPharma, a small U.S.
research and development company. We expect that the capsule will be smaller than currently marketed cyclosporine capsules. We are conducting a small pilot study in healthy volunteers to demonstrate the new capsules
bioequivalence to Neoral cyclosporine capsules in water. The other filing requirements include a larger bioequivalence trial and stability testing. If the results of the bioequivalence trial and stability testing are positive, we presently expect to
file for marketing approval in a major European country in late 2002. We have withdrawn our Marketing Authorization Application in the U.K. for our cyclosporine capsule product known as Sang-2000 in favor of this newer formulation. We intend to
follow the European Community Mutual Recognition Procedure for obtaining regulatory approval in multiple Member States.
ABX-CBL
In August 2000, we entered into a global co-development, supply and license agreement for ABX-CBL with Abgenix under
which we obtained an exclusive worldwide license for the marketing and sale of ABX-CBL. ABX-CBL is an anti-CD147 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of steroid resistant GVHD. The CD147 antigen is selectively expressed on activated immune cells
including T cells, B cells and natural killer cells. In allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation (BMT), these activated immune cells attack a hosts own cells as
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foreign, resulting in GVHD, where the transplanted cells are attempting to reject the recipient. GVHD often leads to damage to multiple organ systems, including the skin, liver and
intestines. First line therapy is high dose corticosteroids, which have a success rate of approximately 50%. Steroid resistant GVHD has a high mortality rate. We believe ABX-CBL has the ability to destroy activated immune cells without affecting the
rest of the immune system.
ABX-CBL is currently in a multi-center, randomized, and controlled Phase II/III study. The study is
designed to demonstrate statistically significant efficacy of a single dose level of ABX-CBL in comparison to a control group of patients. Many patients that undergo an allogeneic bone marrow transplant develop steroid resistant GVHD for which there
is currently no standard approved therapy available. However, many physicians prescribe a treatment regimen using the polyclonal equine antibody, ATGAM. In this study, patients are randomized to receive Atgam (30mg/kg QOD for 6 doses) in the control
group versus patients who received ABX-CBL (0.1mg/kg/d for 14 days followed by 12 infusions over the next 6 weeks) in the treatment arm. Our primary endpoint of this study is patient survival at 180 days. As of January 15, 2002, we have enrolled 77
out of 92 patients planned for this study and presently expect to complete the study by the end of 2002.
We received orphan
drug designation for ABX-CBL for the treatment of steroid resistant GVHD in November 2000.
RDP58
RDP58 is a novel inhibitor of TNF-alpha synthesis currently in Phase II clinical trials in the U.K. This is our first product candidate from our own
research and development efforts to enter such a clinical trial. RDP58 was designed using our drug design approach, in collaboration with Synt:em, that integrates advanced biology, biophysics chemistry and information technology in a coordinated
effort to design and develop potential therapeutic products. We are investigating the use of RDP58 for treatment of various auto-immune disorders. Ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease are the two auto-immune disorders being examined in the
current Phase II study.
Overview
Cytokines are protein messengers that coordinate the functions of immune cells and certain other cells and tissues. TNF-alpha is a cytokine that, when released in excess, can trigger
activation of immune responses and inflammation. Continuous excessive TNF-alpha release can cascade into a variety of auto-immune diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. There are currently a number of
therapeutic products that target inhibition of TNF-alpha release. TNF inhibitors, including Remicade and Enbrel, have been approved for treatment since 1998 and 1999, respectively. They are considered the standard of care in the treatment of a
variety of auto-immune diseases including Crohns disease and rheumatoid arthritis. These therapeutic agents are being examined as a treatment for a number of other auto-immune diseases, including psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing
spondylitis.
Animal models, including studies in primates, suggest that RDP58 could decrease levels of TNF-alpha, reduce
inflammation, and improve clinical outcomes. Currently marketed TNF-alpha inhibitors work by binding to TNF-alpha after synthesis and excretion by the cell, thus neutralizing TNF-alpha in the blood before it can participate in the inflammatory
response. In contrast, we believe RDP58 prevents the translation of TNF-alpha RNA, thereby preventing the synthesis of TNF-alpha protein within the cell. We believe that RDP58 could be a more efficient inhibitor of TNF-alpha as it prevents the
synthesis of the protein as opposed to current therapy which attempts to inhibit the effects of its expression post-synthesis.
RDP58 is currently being tested in an oral formulation consisting of D-isomer amino acids. This form of the peptide is resistant to break-down during the digestive process, which is important for any oral therapeutic agent. Current
TNF-alpha inhibitors are only available in non-oral form, either through a subcutaneous injection or through intravenous administration.
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Clinical Studies
We filed for Clinical Trial Exemption (CTX) with the U.K. Medicines Control Agency (the U.K. equivalent to the U.S. FDA) for RDP58 in September 2001 after successful completion of a
Phase I normal volunteer dose escalation safety study. In the Phase I study, three groups of nine healthy volunteers participated in a dose escalation study using 3 doses for a total of 28 days. Oral RDP58 was found to be safe and well tolerated.
The CTX allowed us to initiate Phase II proof-of-principle clinical trials in the fourth quarter of 2001. The Phase II trials are prospective, randomized, blinded trials in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis or Crohns disease.
We expect to complete patient enrollment and announce the results of these studies in the second half of 2002. Pending the results of these studies, a clinical development and regulatory pathway will be defined and implemented.
Other Preclinical Developments
RDP58 is the subject of four additional development programs: neurology, non-IBD gastro-intestinal disorders, dermatology and pulmonary.
Neurology. RDP58 has been studied in the experimental auto-immune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis in rodents. The model is the standard of
preclinical investigation for new therapeutic agents in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. The model requires animals to be injected with myelin basic protein on day 0, thus developing a predictable paralysis of the tail and hind limbs that begins
on day 10 (after injection), peaks on day 12-13 and is completely resolved by day 18-20. The paralysis is used to simulate the mechanism of action found in multiple sclerosis. RDP58, when given as a single dose via intra-thecal injection, diminishes
the paralysis in a dose dependent manner in this acute model (using doses of 15ug, 45ug and 150ug). At the highest dose, the paralysis appears to be completely eliminated. The timing of the treatment also has an impact on the disease progression.
RDP58 can be given as a single dose on day 4, day 7 or day 10 after inoculation with myelin basic protein.
The currently
approved standard of care for the treatment of multiple sclerosis is beta-interferon. Beta-interferon as a treatment regimen is most efficacious when commenced at the earliest point in the diseases progression, usually immediately after
diagnosis and before any symptoms of the disease present themselves. Furthermore, beta interferon has been shown to be increasingly ineffective as the disease progresses and has shown little efficacy in minimizing or halting symptoms, such as
paralysis after they present themselves in a patient. We believe that RDP58 presents a unique opportunity in multiple sclerosis as our preclinical models demonstrate that disease progression may be halted after the presentation of symptoms.
Non-IBD Gastro-intestinal disorders. Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea and diarrhea related to HIV
are two significant gastro-intestinal disorders that affect thousands of people each year. CPT-11 is the most active drug against colon adenaocarcinoma, a form of colon cancer. Diarrhea is the most common side effect that limits the amount of CPT-11
that patients can tolerate. Prevention of diarrhea will allow increases in the dosage of CPT-11, potentially increasing their response to this treatment. RDP58 has been shown to significantly decrease the incidence of diarrhea and mortality in a
murine model of CPT-11 toxicity. In this model, 93% of mice given 200mg/kg of CPT-11 developed diarrhea and had a 63% mortality rate. In the study, of the mice that were given RDP58 in their drinking water starting three days before treatment with
CPT-11, only 33% developed diarrhea and 93% of the animals survived. These preliminary experiments are being followed by studies to prove that RDP58 does not increase the rate of tumor growth and that RDP58 allows an increase in the maximally
tolerated dose of CPT-11.
HIV-related diarrhea is a malabsorption syndrome that results in nutrient loss and poor drug
absorption. This translates into increased weight loss and viral tiers in patients who suffer from HIV-related colitis. Researchers at the University of California at Davis, with the support of scientists at SangStat, were awarded a National
Institute of Health grant to study the impact of RDP58 on the gastro-intestinal complications of HIV in the HIV primate model. In this study, RDP58 was found to increase the CD4+ lymphocyte population of the GI mucosa. We expect to explore this
finding in a pilot clinical trial.
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Dermatology. TNF-alpha appears to play an important role in
psoriasis and possibly in atopic dermatitis. RDP58 has been fashioned into a topical gel that will be used to determine efficacy in these two dermatologic diseases. Animal toxicology studies are underway. We expect to begin patient studies after
completion of the toxicology studies.
Pulmonary. RDP58 is a powder formulation that may be used
as an aerosol to provide inhalation therapy for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis and other pulmonary diseases. Preliminary animal experiments have been performed to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. We are
pursuing partners to continue development in this therapeutic arena.
Sales and Marketing
In the U.S., we market products through our direct sales force. As of December 31, 2001, we had 21 account managers, supervised by three regional sales directors, who call on or
sell primarily to the approximately 260 transplant centers in the U.S. A number of the account managers have backgrounds in transplantation, either from selling other transplant products or with clinical backgrounds as nurses or as transplant
coordinators in transplant centers. We also have two national account directors who call on group purchasing organizations and managed care groups.
Sales to Cardinal Health Inc. and McKesson HBOC accounted for 27% and 18%, respectively, of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2001. Sales to Cardinal Health Inc. and McKesson HBOC accounted for
13% and 15%, respectively, of total revenues in 2000. Sales to McKesson HBOC accounted for approximately 11% of our total revenues in 1999.
We have approximately 32 sales and marketing people throughout the major European markets.
Strategic Relationships
We evaluate on an ongoing basis potential collaborative relationships with corporate and other partners where such
relationships may complement and expand SangStats research, development, sales and marketing capabilities.
Abbott Laboratories
In May 1999, we signed a multi-year co-promotion, distribution and research agreement with Abbott for SangCya Oral
Solution (which was withdrawn from the U.S. market in July 2000) and Gengraf in the U.S. We are the exclusive distributor for Gengraf in the U.S. and share marketing, promotional and development expenses as well as the profits from the co-promotion
of the product with Abbott. The agreement ends December 31, 2004 unless both companies agree to extend it. Pursuant to this agreement, Abbott made an equity investment of $14 million during 1999 in exchange for approximately 894,000 shares of common
stock, representing a premium to fair market value at that time aggregating to $1.3 million. In addition, Abbott made a series of up-front and milestone payments totaling $20.8 million, including $1.9 million received in January 2000 and $5.0
million received in May 2000, and a long-term loan of $16 million to us received during 1999. In January 2000, we made a milestone payment of $4.0 million to Abbott under the terms of the agreement. No further milestone payments are required from
either company. All up-front and milestone payments received, net of milestone payments made, and the premium received on the sale of common stock to Abbott are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized ratably over the term of the agreement as
revenue from collaborative agreements. In May 2000, Abbott and we launched Gengraf, the cyclosporine capsule developed by Abbott. In connection with the equity investment, Abbott and we entered into a Right of First Refusal Agreement and a
Registration Rights Agreement, and amended and restated our existing Supply Agreement.
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Abgenix
In August 2000, we entered into a global co-development, supply and license agreement with Abgenix, Inc., for ABX-CBL, an antibody developed by Abgenix. Under the agreement, we have an exclusive worldwide license for
the marketing and sale of ABX-CBL. ABX-CBL is an anti-CD147 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of steroid resistant GVHD and is currently in a multicenter, randomized, and controlled Phase II/III study. Development costs will be shared equally,
as would any potential profits from the sales of collaboration products. We share responsibility for product development with Abgenix, including the ongoing Phase II/III clinical trial. We will market any potential products and Abgenix will be
responsible for manufacturing ABX-CBL. We also have the right, subject to the terms and conditions of the agreement, to commercialize other anti-CD147 antibodies developed by Abgenix.
Under the terms of the agreement, we made an initial license fee payment of $1 million to Abgenix. Two additional milestone payments of $1 million are due to Abgenix under the terms of
the agreement contingent on achievement of certain milestones. The license fee payment and the milestone payments, if any are paid to Abgenix, will be non-refundable and non-creditable against any future obligations under this agreement.
If ABX-CBL receives regulatory approval and is launched, we will be required to pay Abgenix for our share of development
expenses incurred prior to January 1, 2000. The amount has not been determined, but the agreement limits our obligation to $6,100,000. We do not have any obligation to reimburse Abgenix until the first anniversary of the launch of ABX-CBL and the
timing of reimbursement varies depending on ABX-CBLs sales. We also must reimburse Abgenix for one-half of the development costs incurred for ABX-CBL from January 1, 2000 to August 8, 2000, with our share being approximately $1.9 million. We
have paid Abgenix $1.4 million as of September 30, 2001 and the remaining $0.5 million is payable by the end of June 2002. The license fee and the initial reimbursement of development expenses are recorded as research and development expenses.
Aventis
We
entered into a Distribution Agreement with Aventis in May 1999 that expires March 31, 2002. Aventis is our exclusive distributor for Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline for most countries outside of North America, Europe and Japan (where
Thymoglobuline and Lymphoglobuline are distributed by Aventis). The contract has minimum purchase requirements. If Aventis does not meet these minimums, the agreement becomes non-exclusive, which means we can sell to another distributor in the same
country. Aventis sells these products either through its local subsidiary or through a distributor that often distributes other Aventis products. We renegotiated this agreement in 2001 and have contracted directly with distributors in Asia where
Aventis has no direct presence (e.g. Israel and certain Asian countries). We are also in negotiations to extend the current contract directly with Aventis subsidiaries in the countries where Aventis does have a direct presence and with current
Aventis distributors in certain other countries (e.g. Middle East, Africa and Russia).
Aventis also performs certain steps in
the manufacturing process of Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline. In addition, pursuant to the purchase of IMTIX on September 30, 1998, we pay Aventis royalties on Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline contingent upon the sales of these products. In 1999
and 2000, royalty payments on Lymphoglobuline to Aventis totaled approximately $646,000 and $622,000 respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2001, royalty payments on Lymphoglobuline and Thymoglobulin totaled approximately $557,000. We
expect these royalty payments to increase in future years since we began paying royalties on Thymoglobulin during the third quarter of 2001. The royalty payments on Thymoglobulin increased on the third anniversary of the purchase of IMTIX (October
1, 2001) and will decrease again three years thereafter.
Synt:em
In July 2001, we entered into a three year research collaboration agreement for the discovery of next generation RDP58 molecules with Synt:em, a French biopharmaceutical company. The aim
of this collaboration is to design novel RDP58-like compounds for the inhibition of inflammation in new in vivo applications using
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Synt:ems proprietary rational design technology, Acti:map. The agreement builds on earlier development efforts between SangStat and Synt:em with Allotrap peptides which led to the original discovery of RDP58. Under the terms of the collaboration SangStat performs in vitro and in
vivo testing of peptides and novel rationally designed peptides while Synt:em uses its Acti:map technology to
perform the rational design work.
Competition
The drug industry is very competitive. The drugs we market compete with existing and new drugs being created by pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, and biotechnology companies and universities. Many of these entities
have significantly greater research and development capabilities, as well as substantial marketing, manufacturing, financial and managerial resources and represent significant competition for us. Many of the competitors have developed or are in the
process of developing technologies that are, or in the future may be, the basis for competitive products. Some of these products may have an entirely different approach or means of accomplishing the desired therapeutic effect than products we are
developing or marketing and may be more effective and less costly. In addition, many of our competitors have significantly greater experience than we do in conducting clinical trials of pharmaceutical products and obtaining regulatory approvals of
such products. This could cause our competitors to succeed in commercializing products more rapidly than we can. The principal factors upon which our products compete are:
We believe we compete favorably with
respect to all of these factors.
Competitive products with respect to our material products include the following:
Our Products
|
|
Competitive Products
|
|
Competitor
|
Thymoglobulin/ Lymphoglobuline |
|
Orthoclone OKT®3 |
|
Ortho Biotech |
|
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ATGAM® |
|
Pharmacia |
|
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Simulect® |
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Novartis AG |
|
|
Zenapax® |
|
Roche |
Gengraf & cyclosporine capsules |
|
Neoral |
|
Novartis AG |
|
|
Sandimmune |
|
Novartis AG |
|
|
Prograf® |
|
Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. |
|
|
Rapamune |
|
American Home Products (AHP) |
|
|
Generic cyclosporine capsule |
|
Eon Labs |
|
|
Generic cyclosporine capsule |
|
Sidmak |
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Competitive products with respect to our product candidates include the following:
Our Product Candidates
|
|
Competitive Products
|
|
Competitor
|
ABX-CBL |
|
MEDI-507 |
|
Medimmune/BioTransplant |
|
|
Nuvion(HuM291) |
|
Protein Design Labs |
RDP58 |
|
Enbrel® |
|
ImmunexAHP |
|
|
Remicade® |
|
Johnson & Johnson |
Gengraf and our cyclosporine capsule in development are generic and compete
against the branded cyclosporine products as well as other generic cyclosporine products that have been or may be approved. These products also compete against Prograf, marketed by Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, which was approved by the FDA to be
taken instead of cyclosporine. Roches Cellcept® is indicated as a conjunctive therapy, to be taken with
cyclosporine rather than instead of cyclosporine. As noted above, Thymoglobulin competes with OKT3, ATGAM, Simulect, and Zenapax. In the U.S., Thymoglobulin has been successful in establishing a market share against these products, which were all
previously on the market. In Europe, Novartis and Roche have just started selling Simulect and Zenapax, respectively, and we believe that the launch of these two products may impact sales of Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline in Europe.
ABX-CBL is expected to compete against two products that are also in clinical trials for the treatment of GVHD:
Medimmune/BioTransplants MEDI-507 and Protein Design Labs Nuvion. In addition, other products are used for the prevention of GVHD and would therefore eliminate the need to use ABX-CBL for treatment.
RDP58 is an inhibitor of TNF-alpha synthesis. TNF-alpha is a cytokine released in excess in various autoimmune disorders. For that reason, many
companies are pursuing development of a TNF-alpha inhibitor and we believe there could be substantial competition in this area. In addition, Immunex/AHPs Enbrel and Johnson & Johnsons Remicade are both TNF-alpha inhibitors that
are currently approved for rheumatoid arthritis and Crohns disease, respectively.
Patents and Proprietary Technology
We have twenty-seven issued patents and nine pending patent applications in the U.S. and are pursuing corresponding patent applications in
other countries with respect to the products we are selling, the products we have in development and our research areas. We aggressively seek patent protection on our inventions and our policy is to enforce our intellectual property rights. We have
no issued patents covering Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline, and rely on our manufacturing know-how to protect these products. We have issued patents covering Celsior. With respect to our cyclosporine capsules, we have in-licensed a pending
formulation patent application. The cyclosporine compound is no longer patent-protected and there are several generics on the market in the U.S. We are pursuing patent protection for RDP58 and we believe that an issued patent may give us a
competitive advantage.
Our patents expire on various dates beginning in the year 2008 and ending in the year 2017.
In addition, as discussed above, we have also licensed in certain patents and patent technology. We have an exclusive,
worldwide license from Stanford University for certain issued patents and pending patent applications in the HLA and peptide area. We have licensed from Abgenix certain patents and patent applications that relate to ABX-CBL. We have licensed
additional patents relating to cyclosporine from the University of North Carolina and Tris Pharma. Except for the University of North Carolina, with respect to which we prosecute certain patents and patent applications, the licensor for each of
these licenses is primarily responsible for prosecution of these patents and patent applications.
Patent applications in the
U.S. are maintained in secrecy until patents issue. Since publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent literature tends to lag behind actual discoveries by several months, we cannot be certain that we were the first to discover
compositions covered by our pending patent applications or the first to file patent applications on such compositions. Our pending patent applications may not result in issued patents, our issued patents may not afford protection against a
competitor and our products may infringe on other patents.
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We also rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how that we seek to protect, in part, by
confidentiality agreements with our employees and consultants.
We have registered or applied for registration of the names of
all of our marketed products and plan to register the names of our products under development once a name has been selected for the product candidate.
Manufacturing
Manufacturing pharmaceutical products is a highly regulated process. The FDA and
other regulatory agencies require that manufacturing be done in accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practices, or GMP. Additionally, products can only be manufactured in facilities approved by the applicable regulatory authorities.
When we acquired IMTIX in 1998, we also acquired the manufacturing unit in Lyon, France that manufactured Thymoglobulin and
Lymphoglobuline. Currently Aventis also performs certain steps in the manufacturing process of Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline under contract to us. We perform the remaining manufacturing steps ourselves in manufacturing facilities that we lease
from Aventis. These agreements with Aventis expire on dates ranging from 2008 to 2013. In 1999, partially in response to a letter from the FDA, we improved certain manufacturing processes at the Lyon facility and have continued to improve these
manufacturing processes in 2000 and 2001, including moving part of our operations to a new manufacturing building in the same location. We expect the FDA to inspect our Lyon facility as part of its regular inspection process. The FDA recently
notified us that the next inspection of our Lyon and the Aventis manufacturing facilities would occur in March. In addition, the Canadian Bureau of Biologics has scheduled an inspection of our Lyon facility for February. We believe that our facility
currently complies with GMP. However, we likely would be unable to quickly and efficiently replace our manufacturing capacity if we were unable to manufacture Thymoglobulin or Lymphoglobuline as a result of subsequent FDA or other regulatory
inspections or otherwise, or if one of our manufacturers were unable to manufacture one of our other products for us.
We have
no other manufacturing facility and the Lyon facility could not be used for products other than biologics. Therefore, we rely on third parties to manufacture our other products, both those that we sell and those in development. We depend on such
third parties to perform their obligations in compliance with all regulatory requirements and on a timely basis. If any of our contract manufacturers fail to perform, such failure may delay our clinical development or submission of products for
regulatory approval or result in product shortages with respect to our marketed products.
Abgenix is responsible for the
manufacturing of ABX-CBL. If the supplier they have chosen is unwilling or unable to perform, it may delay our clinical development or submission of products for regulatory approval, or result in product shortages with respect to our marketed
products.
With respect to raw materials, we have agreements for commercial scale production of cyclosporine bulk material with
Gensia Sicor and Abbott. Our Gensia Sicor agreement runs until October 31, 2013 and has an automatic five-year term renewal unless one party gives notice. Our Abbott agreement terminates December 31, 2004 and is automatically renewed until one party
gives notice. Bulk cyclosporine is difficult to manufacture since it must be extracted from whole cells and carefully purified. We have an obligation to purchase a certain percentage of our future bulk cyclosporine requirements from Gensia Sicor and
a minimum fixed amount from Abbott, subject to certain conditions being met. We believe we have sufficient quantities of bulk cyclosporine to meet our current needs. We believe we also have sufficient quantities of raw materials for our other
products and product candidates.
Warehousing and Distribution
We use a logistics provider to store and distribute our products from one central warehousing location in Memphis, Tennessee. When our logistics provider receives a purchase order
through electronic data input, phone, mail or facsimile, it sends the order to the warehouse for shipment, usually within 24 hours, to the customer placing the order. The logistics provider is also responsible for invoicing and collections.
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Government Regulation
Our
research and development activities, preclinical studies and clinical trials, and ultimately the manufacturing, marketing and labeling of our products, are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA and other regulatory authorities in the U.S. and
other countries (Regulatory Agencies). The U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) and the regulations promulgated thereunder and other federal and state statutes and regulations govern, among other things, the
testing, manufacture, safety, efficacy, labeling, storage, record keeping, approval, advertising, promotion, import and export of our products and product candidates. Preclinical study and clinical trial requirements and the regulatory approval
process typically take years and require the expenditure of substantial resources. Additional government regulation may be established that could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our product candidates. Delays or rejections in obtaining
regulatory approvals would harm our ability to commercialize any product candidates we develop and our ability to receive product revenues. If regulatory approval of a product candidate is granted, the approval may include significant limitations on
the indicated uses for which the product may be marketed.
Our products in clinical trials during 2002 may include Thymoglobulin
for expanded labeling, ABX-CBL, RDP58, and bioequivalence studies for our cyclosporine capsule product.
Our clinical trials may
not be completed successfully or within any specified time period. Either the FDA or we may suspend clinical trials at any time, if either of us concludes that clinical subjects are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk, or for other reasons.
The conduct of clinical trials is complex and difficult, especially in Phase III. The design or the performance of the Phase III clinical trial protocols may not be successful.
The results of preclinical studies and clinical trials are submitted in an application to seek FDA approval to market the drug or biological product for a specified use. The testing and
approval process requires substantial time and effort, and there can be no assurance that any approval will be granted for any product or that approval will be granted according to any schedule. The FDA may refuse to approve an application if it
believes that applicable regulatory criteria are not satisfied. The FDA may also require additional testing for safety and efficacy of the drug. Moreover, if regulatory approval of a drug product is granted, the approval will be limited to specific
indications. Our product candidates may not receive regulatory approvals for marketing, or if approved, that approval may not be for the indications that we requested.
Other Regulatory Agencies follow similar procedures to those required by the FDA and require that the safety and efficacy of our pharmaceutical product candidates be supported through
adequate and well-controlled clinical trials. If the results of our pivotal clinical trials submitted in application for approval do not establish the safety and efficacy of our product candidate to the satisfaction of any Regulatory Agency, we will
not receive the approvals necessary to market our product candidate in that country.
In the European Union, or EU, the
registration process for products can be done through a decentralized procedure. Under this procedure, the holder of a national marketing authorization for which mutual recognition is sought may submit an application to one or more Member States,
certify that the dossier is identical to that on which the first approval was based or explain any differences and certify that identical dossiers are being submitted to all Member States from which recognition is sought. Within 90 days of receiving
the application and assessment report, each Member State must decide whether to recognize the approval. The procedure encourages Member States to work with applicants and other regulatory authorities to resolve disputes concerning mutual
recognition. If such disputes cannot be resolved within the 90-day period provided for review, the application will be subject to a binding arbitration procedure.
Following approval, Regulatory Agencies continue to regulate our approved and marketed products. We must report adverse drug events associated with our products to Regulatory Agencies.
In addition, Regulatory Agencies also inspect on a regular basis the equipment and facilities used to manufacture our products. A Regulatory Agency may suspend the manufacturing facilities (and order a recall of our products manufactured in that
facility) if the Regulatory Agency believes that the product has not been manufactured in compliance with regulations. Further, the labeling, advertising, and promotion of our products must adhere to strict guidelines
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from Regulatory Agencies. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements can result in, among other things, warning letters, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, recall or seizure of
products, total or partial suspension of production, refusal of the government to grant pre-market clearance or pre-market approval, withdrawal of approvals and criminal prosecution of SangStat and our employees.
Litigation
Novartis Patent Litigation With Respect to Gengraf
Novartis sued Abbott claiming that Gengraf® infringes its patents. Novartis complaint includes a plea for injunctive relief to prevent the sale of Gengraf in the U.S., but to date Novartis has not moved for a preliminary
injunction. The trial date was scheduled for February 20, 2002, but has been postponed and a new trial date has not yet been set. Abbott informed us that it does not believe it infringes the Novartis patents. We have not been named a defendant in
this lawsuit, and we have only limited access to information about it. Under our agreement with Abbott, Abbott is obligated to indemnify us against such suits, but their indemnity may not cover lost sales, if any. The course of litigation is
inherently uncertain, however, Novartis may choose to name us in this suit. Abbott may not prevail, or Abbott may choose to settle on terms adverse to our interests. Should we be named in this suit, we may incur expenses prior to reimbursement (if
any) by Abbott pursuant to its indemnity obligation. Should Novartis succeed in obtaining a preliminary or permanent injunction, Gengraf may be temporarily or permanently removed from the market, or we and Abbott may be required to negotiate a
license on unfavorable terms.
Novartis Regulatory Litigation
U.S. Regulatory Litigation. Novartis U.S. sued the FDA on February 11, 1999 in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (case number 1:
99CV-00323) alleging that the FDA did not follow its own regulations in approving SangCya Oral Solution in October 1998. The lawsuit alleges that because Neoral Oral Solution and SangCya Oral Solution are based on different formulation technologies,
they should be classified as different dosage forms. Novartis initially asked the Court to (i) allow Novartis to keep its microemulsion labeling; (ii) declare microemulsion to be a separate dosage form; and (iii) rescind the AB rating that was
given to SangCya Oral Solution. We intervened in this lawsuit. The Court granted our motion to dismiss the counts that relate specifically to the approval of SangCya Oral Solution, but Novartis may appeal this decision. We remain a party in the
case. Novartis has filed motions related to the remaining issues in the case, and the Court has not yet ruled on Novartiss motions. Because we permanently withdrew SangCya Oral Solution from the U.S. market in July 2000, we do not believe that
this lawsuit will have any material impact on SangCya revenues but if the court declares microemulsion to be a separate dosage form, this ruling would require rescission of the AB rating for Gengraf, which would have a material impact on Gengraf
revenues.
U.K. Regulatory LitigationSangCya Oral Solution. On October 18, 1999, Novartis
U.K. was granted leave to seek judicial review of the decision by the Medicines Control Agency, or MCA, to approve SangCya Oral Solution (Case No. HC-1969/99). On March 30, 2000, the High Court in London dismissed Novartiss application for
judicial review and ruled that the MCA acted properly in granting the SangCya Oral Solution marketing authorization. Novartis appealed the High Courts decision, and the hearing was held before the Court of Appeal on November 13 and 14, 2000.
The Court of Appeal has stayed ruling on this matter pending the answer of certain questions of law to be submitted to the European Court of Justice, or ECJ. No date has been set for the ECJ hearing, but it is likely to be scheduled sometime in
early 2002, with a ruling approximately six months thereafter. Following the ECJ ruling, the parties would go back to the Court of Appeal, which will then apply the ECJ ruling on the law to the facts of this case.
U.K. Regulatory LitigationCyclosporine Capsules. In November 1999, Novartis filed a request with the High Court in
London for judicial review of the refusal by MCA to state that it would not reference Neoral data in approving any generic copies of Novartiss cyclosporine capsule. An agreement was reached between the parties in which Novartis agreed to stay
the judicial review until the earlier of (i) the decision on the judicial review of
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SangCya Oral Solution or (ii) MCAs approval of SangStats marketing authorization for its cyclosporine capsule product; in return, we agreed that we would not launch or commence mutual
recognition procedures in relation to the cyclosporine capsule marketing authorization (including a request to MCA to prepare an assessment report) for a period of 28 days commencing on the day on which we notify Novartiss solicitors of
capsule approval. The parties have agreed to continue the stay until the appeal of the High Court decision with respect to the judicial review of SangCya Oral Solution. The stay of this application for judicial review will remain in place pending
the ECJ ruling on the questions of law and resulting Court of Appeal judgment.
Novartis has also indicated that it will seek an
injunction to prevent our cyclosporine capsule from being sold in the United Kingdom until final resolution of the judicial review relating to our cyclosporine Oral Solution. Because the High Court ruled in favor of the MCA with respect to the
SangCya Oral Solution marketing authorization and the Court of Appeal has referred questions of law to the ECJ, we believe that it is unlikely that a court would grant Novartis a preliminary injunction with respect to our cyclosporine capsule
marketing authorization. If the Court of Appeals reverses the High Courts ruling following the ECJs decisions on questions of law, either the MCA could still approve our cyclosporine capsule as supra-bioavailable to Sandimmune without
referencing Neoral data or the MCA could decide not to approve our cyclosporine capsule marketing authorization until the expiration of the ten year data exclusivity period for Neoral capsules (May 2004).
Italian Regulatory/Trade Secret Litigation. On May 5, 2000, Novartis Farma S.p.A. (Novartis Italy) served
IMTIX-SangStat S.r.l., an Italian SangStat subsidiary, and IMTIX-SangStat Ltd. with a summons to the Milan Tribunal. Novartis Italy alleges that by requesting mutual recognition from the Italian Health Authorities of the SangCya Oral Solution
dossier approved by the MCA, we implicitly requested that the Italian Health Authorities review the Neoral dossier. Novartis alleges that this request is an act of unfair competition in that (i) the Neoral data has ten year exclusivity and (ii)
the data is secret and by requesting mutual recognition, we are responsible for the Health Authorities act of unfair competition following use of the Neoral dossier in reviewing the SangCya Oral Solution dossier. While the summons acknowledges that
the U.K. High Court did not invalidate the SangCya Oral Solution marketing authorization, it does not acknowledge that the High Court ruled that the MCA could review the Neoral data. To the best of our knowledge, Novartis Italy has not filed suit
against the Italian Health Authorities. The initial appearance of the parties before the Milan Tribunal was scheduled for January 2001. We filed our response to the complaint at that time, and the hearing has been postponed until June 2002.
We do not yet have marketing approval for SangCya Oral Solution in Italy. Novartis Italy is seeking damages and an injunction
to prevent the sale by SangStat of SangCya Oral Solution, or any other product for which we may obtain approval based upon a reference to the Neoral dossier, which we believe is intended to block our cyclosporine capsule from sale in Italy. We
believe that resolution of this matter will depend on the resolution of the U.K. regulatory litigation, since the MCAs actions are the basis for the Italian lawsuit.
Summary
Although we are optimistic that these disputes will ultimately be
resolved in our favor, the course of litigation is inherently uncertain. With respect to Novartis lawsuit against Abbott, Novartis is seeking to remove Gengraf from the market. If Novartis succeeds, our revenues would be reduced. With respect
to the European regulatory and trade secret lawsuits, Novartis requested relief, if granted, could have a negative economic impact on us depending on how the MCA would proceed with our Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) for our capsule
product. The MCA could approve our MAA for cyclosporine capsule as supra-bioavailable to Sandimmune without referencing Neoral data or the MCA could decide not to approve our MAA for our cyclosporine capsule until the expiration of the ten year data
exclusivity period for Neoral capsules (May 2004). If we cannot obtain approval of our cyclosporine capsule in Europe until 2004, this could have an adverse impact on our future revenues and results of operations. With respect to the FDA lawsuit,
Novartis requested relief would mean that Gengraf and all other generic cyclosporine products that are not microemulsions would lose their AB rating to Neoral. If Gengraf were no longer AB-rated to Neoral capsules, pharmacists could not
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automatically substitute Gengraf for Neoral capsules and this would harm revenues. The litigation, if not resolved favorably to us, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition, cash flows and operating results.
IFFA CREDO and Elevage Scientifique des Dombes Breach of Contract Suit
In August 2000, two affiliated suppliers, IFFA CREDO and Elevage Scientifique des Dombes, sued our French subsidiary, IMTIX-SangStat SAS, for
breach of contract. On May 2, 2001 we were notified that the Commercial Court of Lyon ruled against IMTIX-SangStat in the breach of contract suit and the court awarded the suppliers 26.5 million French Francs (approximately $3.6 million) for lost
profits and reimbursement of capital expenditures. IMTIX-SangStat recorded a charge of $3,250,000 to other expensenet for the nine months ended September 30, 2001, which, combined with reserves recorded in fiscal 2000, fully provide for the
court award. We believe that the ruling was in error and have appealed the decision. The hearing for the appeal was heard on November 8, 2001 and a decision is expected during the first quarter of 2002.
The supply agreements provided that IMTIX-SangStat could reduce orders if it paid up to a maximum penalty of 3.8 million French Francs (approximately
$525,000). When we reduced orders, the suppliers sued for breach of contract claiming that this provision did not apply. The court agreed, holding that the penalty provision applied only in the first year of the agreements and since we reduced
orders in the second year of the agreements, we were liable for additional damages. We maintain that we should be able to invoke the penalty throughout the term of the agreements. Our rabbit serum requirements are currently being met by our other
suppliers.
Employees
As
of December 31, 2001, we employed 263 people worldwide, of which 101 are in the U.S. and Canada and 162 are in Europe, which includes approximately 65 employees in our manufacturing facility in Lyon, France. Most of our employees in the Lyon,
France, facility are represented by labor unions. We believe that we maintain good relations with our employees.
S-49
Our executive officers and directors and their ages at December 31, 2001 are as
follows:
Name
|
|
Age
|
|
Position
|
Jean-Jacques Bienaimé |
|
48 |
|
President, Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board of Directors |
Steve Aselage |
|
50 |
|
Senior Vice President, North American Sales and Marketing |
Roland Buelow, Ph.D. |
|
43 |
|
Senior Vice President, Research and Development |
Stephen G. Dance |
|
50 |
|
Senior Vice President, Finance |
Ralph E. Levy |
|
53 |
|
Senior Vice President, Operations |
Raymond J. Tesi, M.D. |
|
46 |
|
Senior Vice President, Clinical Development and Medical Affairs |
Robert C. Floch, Ph.D. |
|
53 |
|
General Manager of IMTIX-SangStat |
Fredric J. Feldman, Ph.D. |
|
61 |
|
Director |
Richard D. Murdock |
|
54 |
|
Director |
Andrew J. Perlman, M.D., Ph.D. |
|
54 |
|
Director |
Nicholas J. Simon III |
|
53 |
|
Director |
Vincent R. Worms |
|
49 |
|
Director |
Jean-Jacques Bienaimé has been our President and Chief Operating Officer
since June 1998 and became Chief Executive Officer on February 1, 1999. He was elected to the Board of Directors in March 1999. Mr. Bienaimé became Chairman of the Board of Directors in October 2000. From September 1992 to May 1998
Mr. Bienaimé was with Rhone Poulenc Rorer, Inc., a pharmaceutical company, rising to the position of Senior Vice President, Corporate Marketing and Business Development. He is currently a member of the board of Fox Chase Cancer Center
and Aerogen Inc. Mr. Bienaimé received his degree in economics from Ecole Superieure de Commerce de Paris in France and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
Steve Aselage joined us in February 1999 and currently is our Senior Vice President, North American Sales and Marketing. From 1995 to January 1999, Mr. Aselage was the Director of Sales
and Marketing at Advanced Tissue Sciences, a tissue engineering company. Mr. Aselage received a B.S. in biology from the University of Notre Dame.
Roland Buelow, Ph.D. joined us in 1993 and currently is our Senior Vice President of Research and Development. Dr. Buelow received a Ph.D. in Biology from the Max-Planck Institute for Biology in Tuebingen, Germany.
Dr. Buelow visited the University of Texas as a Fulbright scholar and spent two years at Stanford Medical School.
Stephen G.
Dance has been our Senior Vice President, Finance since April 1999. From July 1998 to April 1999, Mr. Dance was Director of Financial Accounting, Planning and Reporting at Plantronics, Inc., a telecommunications company. From 1983 to July 1998, Mr.
Dance held various positions with Syntex Corporation, a pharmaceutical company, which was acquired by Roche Holding Ltd., also a pharmaceutical company, in 1994, serving most recently as Controller, Syntex Laboratories, Inc. Mr. Dance holds a B.A.
in French from Leeds University in England, is a Certified Public Accountant in the State of California and a fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.
Ralph E. Levy joined us in 1990 and currently is our Senior Vice President, Operations. Mr. Levy received a B.S. in chemistry from the City College of New York and an M.S. in chemistry
from Seton Hall University.
Raymond J. Tesi, M.D. joined us in May 1997 and currently is our Senior Vice President, Clinical
Development and Medical Affairs. From 1994 until 1997, Dr. Tesi was an associate professor of surgery and director of the extra-renal transplantation program at Tulane Medical School in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was a transplantation surgical
fellow at the Ohio State University Hospital. Dr. Tesi received an M.D. from the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri.
S-50
Robert C. Floch, Ph.D. has been the General Manager of our IMTIX-SangStat subsidiary
since we acquired IMTIX in September 1998. In addition, Dr. Floch has been General Manager at SangStat Atlantique, our previous operating subsidiary in France, since 1992. Dr. Floch received a doctor of pharmacy degree and a Ph.D. in
medical chemistry from the University of Nantes.
Fredric J. Feldman, Ph.D. has been a director since March 1992. He has been
the President of FJF Associates, a consultant to health care venture capital and emerging companies, since February 1992. From September 1995 to June 1996 he was the Chief Executive Officer of Biex, Inc. a womens healthcare company. Dr.
Feldman returned to his position as Chief Executive Officer of Biex from 1999 to 2000. He is also a director of Biex, Inc., OrthoLogic Corporation, and Ostex International, Inc. Dr. Feldman received his Ph.D. in Analytical Chemistry from the
University of Maryland and his B.S. in Chemistry from Brooklyn College of City University of New York.
Richard D. Murdock has
been a director since October 1993. From December 1998 until February 2001, Mr. Murdock was the President and Chief Executive Officer and a director of Kyphon, Inc., an orthopedic medical device company. From September 1991 to October 1998, Mr.
Murdock served as the Chief Executive Officer and a director of CellPro, Incorporated, a public biotechnology company. Mr. Murdock received his B.S. in Zoology from the University of California at Berkeley.
Andrew J. Perlman, M.D., Ph.D. has been a director since December 1992. Dr. Perlman has been the Executive Vice President at Tularik, Inc., a public
biotechnology company, since September 1999. From November 1997 to September 1999, Dr. Perlman served as Tulariks Vice President, Medical Research and Corporate Development. From January 1993 to November 1997, Dr. Perlman served as
Tulariks Vice President of Medical Research. Dr. Perlman received his M.D. and his Ph.D. in Physiology from New York University.
Nicholas J. Simon III has been a director since July 2001. Mr. Simon joined Genentech, Inc. in December 1989 and from 1994 to April 2000 served as Vice President of Business and Corporate Development. In April 2000, Mr. Simon resigned from
Genentech and founded Collabra Pharma, Inc. (formerly iO Pharmaceuticals) where he has been the Chief Executive Officer and a director since that time. Mr. Simon is also Chairman of the Board of Deltagen, Inc., a public company, and serves on the
board of directors of several private companies. Mr. Simon holds an M.B.A. from Loyola College.
Vincent R. Worms has been
a director since October 1991. Mr. Worms has been a General Partner of Partech International, a venture capital management fund, since 1982. Mr. Worms is presently a director of Informatica. He received his engineering degree from Ecole
Polytechnique in Paris, and his M.S. degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
S-51
We intend to offer the shares of common stock through the underwriters named below.
Subject to the terms and conditions described in a purchase agreement among us and the underwriters, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and the underwriters severally have agreed to purchase from us, the number of shares listed opposite
their names below.
Underwriter
|
|
Number of Shares
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated |
|
1,710,000 |
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. |
|
1,710,000 |
Thomas Weisel Partners LLC |
|
855,000 |
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC |
|
225,000 |
|
|
|
Total |
|
4,500,000 |
|
|
|
The underwriters have agreed to purchase all of the shares sold under the
purchase agreement if any of these shares are purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the purchase agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the purchase agreement may be terminated.
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to
contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
The underwriters are offering
the shares, subject to prior sale, when, as, and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel, including the validity of the shares, and other conditions contained in the purchase agreement, such as the
receipt by the underwriters of officers certificates and legal opinions. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.
Commissions and Discounts
The representative has
advised us that the underwriters propose initially to offer the shares to the public at the initial public offering price on the cover page of this prospectus and to dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $.59 per share. The
underwriters may allow, and the dealers may reallow, a discount not in excess of $.10 per share to other dealers. After the initial public offering, the public offering price, concession and discount may be changed.
The following table shows the public offering price, underwriting discount and proceeds before expenses to us. The information assumes either no
exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their overallotment option.
|
|
Per Share
|
|
Without Option
|
|
With Option
|
Public offering price |
|
$ |
17.25 |
|
$ |
77,625,000 |
|
$ |
89,268,750 |
Underwriting discount |
|
$ |
.99 |
|
$ |
4,455,000 |
|
$ |
5,123,250 |
Proceeds, before expenses, to SangStat |
|
$ |
16.26 |
|
$ |
73,170,000 |
|
$ |
84,145,500 |
The expenses of the offering, not including the underwriting discount, are
estimated at $600,000 and are payable by us.
Overallotment Option
We have granted an option to the underwriters to purchase up to 675,000 additional shares at the public offering price less the underwriting discount. The underwriters may exercise this
option for 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement solely to cover any overallotments. If the underwriters exercise this option, each will be obligated, subject to conditions contained in the purchase agreement, to purchase a number of
additional shares proportionate to that underwriters initial amount reflected in the above table.
S-52
No Sale of Similar Securities
We, our directors and our executive officers have agreed, with exceptions, not to sell or transfer any common stock for 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement without first
obtaining the written consent of Merrill Lynch. Specifically, we and these other individuals have agreed not to directly or indirectly:
|
|
|
offer, pledge, sell or contract to sell any common stock; |
|
|
|
sell any option or contract to purchase any common stock; |
|
|
|
purchase any option or contract to sell any common stock; |
|
|
|
grant any option, right or warrant for the sale of any common stock; |
|
|
|
lend or otherwise dispose of or transfer any common stock; |
|
|
|
request or demand that we file a registration statement related to the common stock; or |
|
|
|
enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, the economic consequence of ownership of any common stock whether any such swap or transaction is to
be settled by delivery of shares or other securities, in cash or otherwise. |
This lockup provision applies to
common stock and to securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for or repayable with common stock. It also applies to common stock owned now or acquired later by the person executing the agreement or for which the person executing
the agreement later acquires the power of disposition.
Nasdaq National Market
Our shares of common stock are traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol SANG.
Price Stabilization And Short Position
Until the distribution of the shares is
completed, SEC rules may limit the underwriters and selling group members from bidding for or purchasing our common stock. However, the representative may engage in transactions that stabilize the price of our common stock, such as bids or purchases
that peg, fix or maintain that price.
If the underwriters create a short position in the common stock in connection with the
offering, i.e., if they sell more shares than are listed on the cover page of this prospectus, the representative may reduce that short position by purchasing shares in the open market. The representative may also elect to reduce any short position
by exercising all or part of the over-allotment option described above. Purchases of the common stock to stabilize its price or to reduce a short position may cause the price of the common stock to be higher than it might be in the absence of such
purchases.
Neither we nor any of the underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of
any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of the common stock. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters makes any representation that the representative will engage in these transactions or that these
transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
Passive Market Making
In connection with this offering, underwriters and selling group members may engage in passive market making transactions in the common stock on the
Nasdaq National Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of common stock and extending through completion of the distribution. A passive market maker must
display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of that security. However, if all independent bids are lowered
S-53
below the passive market makers bid, that bid must then be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded.
Electronic Distribution
Merrill Lynch will be facilitating Internet distribution for
this offering to certain of its internet subscription customers. Merrill Lynch intends to allocate a limited number of shares for sale to its online brokerage customers. An electronic prospectus is available on the Web site maintained by Merrill
Lynch. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on the Merrill Lynch Web site relating to this offering is not a part of this prospectus supplement.
Other Relationships
Some of the underwriters and their affiliates have engaged in, and
may in the future engage in, investment banking and other commercial dealings in the ordinary course of business with us and our subsidiaries. They have received customary fees and commissions for these previous transactions.
S-54
Certain legal matters relating to the shares of common stock offered hereby will be
passed upon for SangStat Medical Corporation by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, Palo Alto, California. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Latham & Watkins, Costa Mesa,
California.
The consolidated financial statements of SangStat Medical Corporation as of December 31,
2000 and 1999 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2000 and the related consolidated financial statement schedule included in this prospectus supplement and incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus have
been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report which is included in this prospectus supplement and incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus.
These consolidated financial statements and the related consolidated financial statement schedule have been so included in the prospectus supplement and
incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
S-55
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
|
Page
|
|
|
F-2 |
|
Annual Consolidated Financial Statements: |
|
|
|
|
|
F-3 |
|
|
|
F-4 |
|
|
|
F-4 |
|
|
|
F-5 |
|
|
|
F-6 |
|
|
|
F-7 |
|
Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules: |
|
|
|
|
|
F-28 |
|
Interim Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements: |
|
|
|
|
|
F-29 |
|
|
|
F-30 |
|
|
|
F-30 |
|
|
|
F-31 |
|
|
|
F-32 |
F-1
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
of SangStat Medical Corporation:
We have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SangStat Medical Corporation and subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) as of December 31, 2000 and 1999, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive
loss, stockholders equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2000. Our audits also included the consolidated financial statement schedule listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page
F-1. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2000 and 1999, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2000 in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedule referenced above, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements as a whole, presents fairly, in all
material respects, the information set forth therein.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE
LLP
San Jose, California
February 13, 2001 (March 13, 2001 as to Note 15)
F-2
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT ASSETS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
19,046 |
|
|
$ |
16,862 |
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
1,561 |
|
|
|
9,657 |
|
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $3,128 in 2000 and $1,469 in 1999) |
|
|
17,569 |
|
|
|
12,782 |
|
Other receivables |
|
|
2,333 |
|
|
|
2,906 |
|
Inventories |
|
|
40,056 |
|
|
|
46,270 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
6,912 |
|
|
|
2,306 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
87,477 |
|
|
|
90,783 |
|
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENTnet |
|
|
6,539 |
|
|
|
5,574 |
|
INTANGIBLE ASSETS (net of accumulated amortization of $3,141 in 2000 and $1,749 in 1999) |
|
|
11,142 |
|
|
|
12,534 |
|
OTHER ASSETS |
|
|
9,158 |
|
|
|
8,406 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
$ |
114,316 |
|
|
$ |
117,297 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
17,553 |
|
|
$ |
11,851 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
|
13,938 |
|
|
|
5,511 |
|
Capital lease obligationscurrent portion |
|
|
257 |
|
|
|
700 |
|
Deferred revenuecurrent portion |
|
|
3,158 |
|
|
|
4,426 |
|
Notes payablecurrent portion |
|
|
12,797 |
|
|
|
4,304 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
47,703 |
|
|
|
26,792 |
|
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS |
|
|
535 |
|
|
|
125 |
|
DEFERRED REVENUE |
|
|
9,475 |
|
|
|
9,304 |
|
NOTES PAYABLE |
|
|
34,679 |
|
|
|
40,067 |
|
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 9 and 18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, $.001 par value 5,000 shares authorized; none outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $.001 par value, 35,000 shares authorized; outstanding: 2000, 18,942 shares; 1999, 17,354 shares
|
|
|
201,766 |
|
|
|
174,990 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(177,636 |
) |
|
|
(133,277 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
|
(2,206 |
) |
|
|
(704 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
21,924 |
|
|
|
41,009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
$ |
114,316 |
|
|
$ |
117,297 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
1998
|
|
REVENUES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
61,319 |
|
|
$ |
42,243 |
|
|
$ |
10,202 |
|
Product recall returns |
|
|
(872 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue from collaborative agreements (Note 9) |
|
|
2,698 |
|
|
|
2,060 |
|
|
|
1,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
63,145 |
|
|
|
44,303 |
|
|
|
11,294 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COSTS AND OPERATING EXPENSES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of sales: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product sales and manufacturing expenses |
|
|
27,472 |
|
|
|
18,989 |
|
|
|
5,110 |
|
Product recall charges |
|
|
11,774 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development (includes product recall expenses of $50 for the year ended December 31, 2000) |
|
|
20,788 |
|
|
|
14,470 |
|
|
|
17,688 |
|
Selling, general and administrative (includes product recall expenses of $379 for the year ended December 31,
2000) |
|
|
41,766 |
|
|
|
39,170 |
|
|
|
23,707 |
|
Acquired in-process research and development |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,218 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
1,392 |
|
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
351 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total costs and operating expenses |
|
|
103,192 |
|
|
|
74,027 |
|
|
|
50,074 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations |
|
|
(40,047 |
) |
|
|
(29,724 |
) |
|
|
(38,780 |
) |
|
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
2,016 |
|
|
|
1,865 |
|
|
|
3,611 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(4,368 |
) |
|
|
(3,034 |
) |
|
|
(404 |
) |
Other income (expense), net |
|
|
750 |
|
|
|
256 |
|
|
|
(154 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense), net |
|
|
(1,602 |
) |
|
|
(913 |
) |
|
|
3,053 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES |
|
|
(41,649 |
) |
|
|
(30,637 |
) |
|
|
(35,727 |
) |
INCOME TAX PROVISION |
|
|
(368 |
) |
|
|
(345 |
) |
|
|
(257 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS |
|
|
(42,017 |
) |
|
|
(30,982 |
) |
|
|
(35,984 |
) |
NET LOSS FROM OPERATIONS OF DISCONTINUED OPERATION |
|
|
(2,342 |
) |
|
|
(2,025 |
) |
|
|
(2,480 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET LOSS |
|
$ |
(44,359 |
) |
|
$ |
(33,007 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,464 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET LOSS PER SHAREbasic and diluted (Note 1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
(2.35 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.83 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.24 |
) |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
(0.13 |
) |
|
|
(0.12 |
) |
|
|
(0.15 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(2.48 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.95 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.39 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES |
|
|
17,910 |
|
|
|
16,888 |
|
|
|
16,080 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands)
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
1998
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(44,359 |
) |
|
$ |
(33,007 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,464 |
) |
Reversal of unrealized gain on marketable securities sold during the period |
|
|
(644 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gains and (losses) on marketable securities classified as available for sale in the current period |
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
1,078 |
|
|
|
(494 |
) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
|
|
(898 |
) |
|
|
(1,388 |
) |
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive loss |
|
$ |
(45,861 |
) |
|
$ |
(33,317 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,869 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
Accumulated Deficit
|
|
|
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Balances, January 1, 1998 |
|
16,009,531 |
|
$ |
159,265 |
|
$ |
(61,806 |
) |
|
$ |
11 |
|
|
$ |
97,470 |
|
Exercise of stock options |
|
205,320 |
|
|
869 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
869 |
|
Stock option compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
117 |
|
Accumulated translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
89 |
|
Unrealized loss on investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(494 |
) |
|
|
(494 |
) |
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(38,464 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(38,464 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances, December 31, 1998 |
|
16,214,851 |
|
|
160,251 |
|
|
(100,270 |
) |
|
|
(394 |
) |
|
|
59,587 |
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
893,996 |
|
|
12,661 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,661 |
|
Exercise of stock options |
|
244,927 |
|
|
1,859 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,859 |
|
Issuance of stock for services |
|
|
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
160 |
|
Stock option compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
59 |
|
Accumulated translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,388 |
) |
|
|
(1,388 |
) |
Unrealized gain on investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,078 |
|
|
|
1,078 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(33,007 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(33,007 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances, December 31, 1999 |
|
17,353,774 |
|
|
174,990 |
|
|
(133,277 |
) |
|
|
(704 |
) |
|
|
41,009 |
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
1,345,928 |
|
|
23,401 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23,401 |
|
Exercise of stock options |
|
242,644 |
|
|
2,631 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,631 |
|
Warrant issued in connection with financing |
|
|
|
|
744 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
744 |
|
Accumulated translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(898 |
) |
|
|
(898 |
) |
Reversal of unrealized gain on marketable securities sold during the period, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(604 |
) |
|
|
(604 |
) |
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(44,359 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(44,359 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances, December 31, 2000 |
|
18,942,346 |
|
$ |
201,766 |
|
$ |
(177,636 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,206 |
) |
|
$ |
21,924 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
1998
|
|
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss from continuing operations |
|
$ |
(42,017 |
) |
|
$ |
(30,982 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,984 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
3,780 |
|
|
|
2,921 |
|
|
|
1,873 |
|
Non-cash interest expense |
|
|
1,365 |
|
|
|
1,476 |
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired in-process research and development |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,218 |
|
Loss on disposal of property and equipment |
|
|
836 |
|
|
|
167 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
219 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
130 |
|
|
|
88 |
|
|
|
257 |
|
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
(4,787 |
) |
|
|
(1,819 |
) |
|
|
(4,163 |
) |
Other receivables |
|
|
573 |
|
|
|
(465 |
) |
|
|
(656 |
) |
Inventories |
|
|
6,214 |
|
|
|
(12,895 |
) |
|
|
(18,980 |
) |
Prepaid expenses |
|
|
(4,606 |
) |
|
|
(579 |
) |
|
|
1,465 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
|
5,702 |
|
|
|
(13,973 |
) |
|
|
15,132 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
|
8,297 |
|
|
|
2,227 |
|
|
|
(816 |
) |
Deferred revenue |
|
|
(1,097 |
) |
|
|
13,730 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in continuing operating activities |
|
|
(25,610 |
) |
|
|
(39,885 |
) |
|
|
(38,537 |
) |
Net cash used in discontinued operation |
|
|
(2,223 |
) |
|
|
(1,917 |
) |
|
|
(2,415 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities |
|
|
(27,833 |
) |
|
|
(41,802 |
) |
|
|
(40,952 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment |
|
|
(3,790 |
) |
|
|
(4,020 |
) |
|
|
(1,384 |
) |
Maturities of short-term investments |
|
|
7,492 |
|
|
|
8,517 |
|
|
|
34,210 |
|
Purchase of short-term investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,721 |
) |
|
|
(6,674 |
) |
Business acquired in purchase transaction, net of cash acquired |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10,737 |
) |
Other assets |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
3,469 |
|
|
|
(8,926 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by investing activities |
|
|
3,694 |
|
|
|
4,245 |
|
|
|
6,489 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale of common stock |
|
|
26,032 |
|
|
|
14,520 |
|
|
|
869 |
|
Notes payable borrowings |
|
|
6,574 |
|
|
|
28,513 |
|
|
|
216 |
|
Note payable repayments |
|
|
(4,834 |
) |
|
|
(3,079 |
) |
|
|
(676 |
) |
Repayment of capital lease obligations |
|
|
(551 |
) |
|
|
(433 |
) |
|
|
(380 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
27,221 |
|
|
|
39,521 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH |
|
|
(898 |
) |
|
|
(1,388 |
) |
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND EQUIVALENTS |
|
|
2,184 |
|
|
|
576 |
|
|
|
(34,345 |
) |
CASH AND EQUIVALENTS, Beginning of year |
|
|
16,862 |
|
|
|
16,286 |
|
|
|
50,631 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH AND EQUIVALENTS, End of year |
|
$ |
19,046 |
|
|
$ |
16,862 |
|
|
$ |
16,286 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid during the period for interest |
|
$ |
1,158 |
|
|
$ |
1,401 |
|
|
$ |
225 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants issued in connection with financing |
|
$ |
744 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property acquired under capital leases |
|
$ |
518 |
|
|
$ |
493 |
|
|
$ |
291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments |
|
$ |
604 |
|
|
$ |
1,078 |
|
|
$ |
(494 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On September 30, 1998, the Company acquired IMTIX (see Note 2). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In conjunction with the acquisition, liabilities were assumed as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value of assets acquired |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
35,139 |
|
Acquired in-process research and development |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,218 |
|
Cash paid |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11,662 |
) |
Discounted note payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16,208 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities assumed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
10,487 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-6
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998
1. ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
OrganizationSangStat
Medical Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) is a global biotechnology company building on its foundation in transplantation to discover, develop and market high value therapeutic products in the transplantation, immunology and
hematology/oncology areas.
Principles of ConsolidationThe consolidated financial statements include the accounts
of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, including IMTIX from September 30, 1998 (See Note 2). Intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.
Revenue RecognitionRevenue from product sales, net of estimated sales allowances and rebates, is recognized upon receipt by the customer, when a purchase order has been received, the sales price is fixed
or determinable and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Revenue from collaborative agreements is recognized in accordance with the related contract terms. Up-front or milestone payments received under such agreements are
generally recognized as revenues ratably over the life of the agreement where significant obligations for future services or Company participation exist or as milestones are met and no significant obligation for future services exists.
Research and DevelopmentResearch and development costs are expensed as incurred and include expenses associated with new product
research, clinical trials of existing technologies and regulatory affairs activities associated with product candidates.
Advertising ExpensesAdvertising costs, which also include promotional expenses, are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998 were approximately $4.5 million, $3.2
million and $1.8 million, respectively.
Cash and Cash EquivalentsThe Company considers all highly liquid debt
instruments purchased with an original maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Short-Term
InvestmentsThe Company has classified all of its investments as available-for-sale securities. While the Companys practice is to hold debt securities to maturity, the Company has classified all debt securities as available-for-sale
securities, as the sale of such securities may be required prior to maturity to implement management strategies. The carrying value of all securities is adjusted to fair market value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of deferred taxes, being
excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders equity and included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Cost is based on the specific identification method for purposes of computing realized gains or losses.
InventoriesInventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market.
Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over estimated
useful lives of three to ten years. Leasehold improvements and assets under capital leases are amortized over the shorter of their lease term or estimated useful life.
Valuation of Long-lived AssetsThe carrying value of the Companys long-lived assets is reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that
an asset may not be recoverable. The Company looks to current and future undiscounted cash flows, excluding financing costs, as primary indicators of recoverability. If an impairment is determined to exist, any related impairment loss is calculated
based on fair value.
Other AssetsAt December 31, 2000 and 1999 Other Assets included $1.0 million paid to Gensia
Sicor as an advance against future cyclosporine purchases from Gensia Sicor, one of the Companys suppliers of bulk cyclosporine. At December 31, 2000 and 1999, Other Assets also included $6.0 million of restricted cash that
F-7
serves as collateral for the note payable to Aventis (see Note 2) and $303,000 and $301,000 respectively, of deferred income tax benefits.
Foreign Currency TranslationOperations for the majority of the Companys foreign subsidiaries are measured using local currency as the functional currency. Assets
and liabilities of such subsidiaries are translated into US dollars at the exchange rates in effect as of the balance sheet dates, and results of operations for each subsidiary are translated using average rates in effect for the periods presented.
Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency translation are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.
The Companys subsidiary SangStat Atlantique uses the U.S. dollar as its functional currency. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are translated at the year-end exchange rates except for inventories, prepaid expenses,
and property and equipment, which are translated at historical exchange rates. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency translation and other foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in other income (expense)net in the
consolidated statements of operations and were not significant for any period presented.
Stock-Based
CompensationThe Company accounts for stock-based awards to employees using the intrinsic value method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees (APB 25). The Company accounts for stock based awards to non-employees in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation, and its interpretations. In March 2000, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued (FASB) Interpretation No. 44, Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock CompensationAn Interpretation of
APB Opinion No. 25 (FIN 44). FIN 44 clarifies the application of APB 25, and among other issues clarifies the following: the definition of an employee for purposes of applying APB 25; the criteria for determining whether a
plan qualifies as a non-compensatory plan; the accounting consequence of various modifications to the terms of previously fixed stock options or awards; and the accounting for an exchange of stock compensation awards in a business combination. FIN
44 became effective July 1, 2000, but certain conclusions in FIN 44 cover specific events that occurred after either December 15, 1998 or January 12, 2000. Adoption of this Interpretation did not have a material effect on the Companys
financial position.
Net Loss Per ShareBasic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net loss by the
weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. Common share
equivalents including stock options and convertible notes payable, aggregating 1,215,203 shares, 1,011,247 shares and 931,396 shares for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively, have been excluded from diluted EPS, as
their effect would be antidilutive.
F-8
The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic
and diluted net loss per share computations:
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
1999
|
|
1998
|
Net loss (numerator) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
42,017 |
|
$ |
30,982 |
|
$ |
35,984 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
2,342 |
|
|
2,025 |
|
|
2,480 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
44,359 |
|
$ |
33,007 |
|
$ |
38,464 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares (denominator) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
|
|
17,910 |
|
|
16,888 |
|
|
16,080 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per sharebasic and diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
2.35 |
|
$ |
1.83 |
|
$ |
2.24 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
0.13 |
|
|
0.12 |
|
|
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2.48 |
|
$ |
1.95 |
|
$ |
2.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Certain Significant Risks and UncertaintiesThe preparation of
financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company sells its products primarily to organizations in the healthcare industry in the US, Canada and Europe, and does not require its customers to
provide collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. The Company maintains allowances for estimated bad debt losses.
The Company participates in the dynamic biopharmaceutical industry. The Company believes that changes in any of the following areas could have a negative impact on the Company in terms of its future financial position and results of
operations: ability to obtain additional financing; successful product development; manufacturing and marketing capabilities; ability to negotiate acceptable collaborative relationships; obtaining necessary FDA and foreign regulatory approvals;
ability to attract and retain key personnel; litigation and other claims against the Company, including, but not limited to, patent claims; increased competition; uncertainty regarding health care reimbursement and reform; and potential exposure for
product liability and hazardous materials.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossThe following are the components of
accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
1998
|
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments |
|
$ |
6 |
|
|
$ |
609 |
|
|
$ |
(469 |
) |
Accumulated translation adjustments |
|
|
(2,212 |
) |
|
|
(1,313 |
) |
|
|
75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(2,206 |
) |
|
$ |
(704 |
) |
|
$ |
(394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recently Issued Accounting PronouncementsIn June 1998, the FASB
issued SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. This Statement requires companies to record derivatives on
F-9
the balance sheet as assets or liabilities, measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives would be accounted for depending on the use of the
derivative and whether it qualifies for hedge accounting. The Company adopted SFAS No. 133 effective January 1, 2001. The Company has completed its evaluation of the impact that will result from adopting SFAS No.133 (as amended and interpreted) and
has concluded that adoption of this Statement will not have a material effect on the Companys financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 101, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements. SAB No. 101, as
amended, was effective for the Company in the fourth quarter of 2000 and clarified the SECs views on US GAAP for revenue recognition in financial statements. The requirements of SAB No. 101 did not have a significant impact on the
Companys financial position or results of operations.
In September 2000, the FASB issued SFAS No. 140,
Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. SFAS No. 140 replaces SFAS No. 125, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments
of Liabilities. It revises the standards for accounting for securitizations and other transfers of financial assets and collateral and requires certain disclosures, but carries over most of SFAS No. 125s provisions without
reconsideration. The Company has adopted the applicable disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 140 in its consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2000. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the remaining provisions of
SFAS No. 140, which will be effective for transactions entered into after March 31, 2001.
2. ACQUISITION
On September 30, 1998, the Company completed the acquisition of Pasteur Mérieux Connaughts (Aventis) transplant business known
as IMTIX. The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. The resulting wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, named IMTIX-SangStat (IMTIX), is dedicated to the research, development, manufacture and marketing of
pharmaceuticals for transplantation. The aggregate gross purchase price of approximately $31 million consisted of $10 million paid upon closing and a non-interest bearing note of $21 million payable over five years (see Note 7). In addition, the
Company will pay Aventis certain royalties on IMTIX product sales and had approximately $6.0 million of restricted cash at December 31, 2000 and 1999 , that serves as collateral for a standby letter of credit in favor of Aventis.
The resulting aggregate net purchase price totaled $28.7 million (including acquisition costs of approximately $2.5 million) and was
allocated to the net tangible assets acquired of $11.1 million, based on their fair value on the date of acquisition, identifiable intangible assets of $14.4 million and purchased in-process research and development of $3.2 million. Intangible
assets based on the appraised values consisted of the following amounts: developed technology of $7.9 million, avoided royalties of $2.4 million, assembled workforce of $1.6 million, distribution rights and trademarks of $1.5 million and customer
list of $1.0 million. Such intangibles are being amortized on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives ranging from five to fourteen years.
The purchased in-process research and development of approximately $3.2 million was charged to the Companys operations in the third quarter of 1998 and represents the value of products that had not yet reached
technological feasibility and had no alternative future use. The purchased in-process technology primarily consisted of a single drug, Anti-LFA1, a monoclonal, biologically manufactured immunosuppressant compound intended to be used in preventing
the rejection of organ transplants. The estimated value for the in-process
F-10
technology was determined using the income approach which discounted to present value the cash flows expected to be derived from the product as it was still in development at the date of
acquisition. The projections were based on future expectations of the acquired business revenue and expenses to be generated from the product still under development. The nature of the efforts required to develop the purchased in-process
technology into a commercially viable product principally related to the completion of clinical trials to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety in an expanded patient population. Upon successful completion of the trials, FDA approval would have been
required before marketing the product for a specified use. During 1999, following the Companys evaluation of the outcome of the ongoing clinical studies, the Company decided to discontinue the development of Anti-LFA1.
3. INVESTMENTS
Available-for-sale securities consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, 2000
|
|
|
Amortized Cost
|
|
Unrealized Gain on Investments
|
|
Unrealized Loss on Investments
|
|
Estimated Fair Value
|
Corporate bonds |
|
$ |
1,415 |
|
$ |
6 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
1,421 |
1 year CD |
|
|
140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,555 |
|
$ |
6 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
1,561 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 1999
|
|
|
Amortized Cost
|
|
Unrealized Gain on Investments
|
|
Unrealized Loss on Investments
|
|
Estimated Fair Value
|
Corporate bonds |
|
$ |
6,040 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
$ |
6,007 |
Commercial paper |
|
|
1,002 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
1,000 |
1 year CD |
|
|
140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
7,182 |
|
|
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
7,147 |
Corporate equity securities |
|
|
1,866 |
|
|
644 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,510 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
9,048 |
|
$ |
644 |
|
$ |
35 |
|
$ |
9,657 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate equity securities represented the Companys investment in Gensia
Sicor and were included in short-term investments at December 31, 1999. These securities were sold during the year ended December 31, 2000.
The contractual maturities of available-for-sale debt securities at December 31, 2000 are within one year.
F-11
4. INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of (in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
1999
|
Raw materials |
|
$ |
18,860 |
|
$ |
26,710 |
Work in process |
|
|
14,107 |
|
|
9,498 |
Finished goods |
|
|
7,089 |
|
|
10,062 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
40,056 |
|
$ |
46,270 |
|
|
|
|
|
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of (in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
Machinery and equipment |
|
$ |
8,072 |
|
|
$ |
7,779 |
|
Capitalized software |
|
|
3,011 |
|
|
|
|
|
Furniture and fixtures |
|
|
392 |
|
|
|
555 |
|
Projects in process |
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
881 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
1,440 |
|
|
|
1,415 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
13,022 |
|
|
|
10,630 |
|
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(6,483 |
) |
|
|
(5,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipmentnet |
|
$ |
6,539 |
|
|
$ |
5,574 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Included in machinery and equipment at December 31, 2000 and 1999 are assets
leased under capital leases of $2,287,000 and $1,413,000 (net of accumulated amortization of $1,584,000 and $1,042,000), respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense of property and equipment totaled $2,507,000, $1,412,000 and $1,587,000 for
the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
6. ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consist of (in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
1999
|
Salaries & related benefits |
|
$ |
3,689 |
|
$ |
3,814 |
Interest payable |
|
|
1,894 |
|
|
178 |
Research and development expenses (Note 9) |
|
|
2,420 |
|
|
|
Marketing and development expenses (Note 9) |
|
|
2,436 |
|
|
|
Other taxes payable |
|
|
475 |
|
|
363 |
Deferred rent |
|
|
359 |
|
|
153 |
Other accrued liabilities |
|
|
2,665 |
|
|
1,003 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
13,938 |
|
$ |
5,511 |
|
|
|
|
|
F-12
7. NOTES PAYABLE
Notes payable consist of (in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
Note payable to Aventis |
|
$ |
15,000 |
|
|
$ |
18,000 |
|
Discount on note payable to Aventis |
|
|
(1,707 |
) |
|
|
(2,989 |
) |
Convertible note |
|
|
9,691 |
|
|
|
9,609 |
|
Note payable to Abbott Laboratories |
|
|
16,000 |
|
|
|
16,000 |
|
Note payable to FINOVA |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other debt |
|
|
3,492 |
|
|
|
3,751 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
47,476 |
|
|
|
44,371 |
|
Less current portion |
|
|
(12,797 |
) |
|
|
(4,304 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term |
|
$ |
34,679 |
|
|
$ |
40,067 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In connection with the acquisition of IMTIX (see Note 2), the Company issued a
$21 million non-interest bearing note payable over five years as follows: $3 million in 1999, $3 million in 2000, $6 million in 2001, $5 million in 2002 and $4 million in 2003. The note payable was discounted at a rate of 9.25%, which the
Company believes was consistent with its normal borrowing rate. The resulting discount of approximately $4.8 million is being accreted as an addition to interest expense over the term of the note. During the years ended December 31, 2000 and
1999, $1,282,000 and $1,418,000 of amortization was recognized.
In March 1999, the Company issued a $10 million convertible
note due March 30, 2004. This note bears interest at the rate of 6.5% through March 30, 2004 and thereafter at the rate of 8.5% on any overdue amount. The interest is payable semi-annually in September and March. The note, or any portion thereof, is
convertible at the option of the holder at any time on or after March 31, 2000 and before March 30, 2004 into shares of common stock of the Company at the rate of 50.0773 shares of common stock for each $1,000 principal amount. The net proceeds
received by the Company were $9,550,000. The note is being accreted to its face amount over the five year term.
In May 1999,
the Company received a loan of $16 million from Abbott Laboratories. The loan bears interest at 8.75%, payable annually, and is secured by a security interest in the US marketing rights for SangCya Oral Solution. The loan matures on December 31,
2004, and can be pre-paid by the Company without penalty at any time prior to maturity.
On April 21, 2000 the Company entered
into an agreement with FINOVA Capital Corporation (FINOVA) to provide a line of credit of up to $30 million (the Loan Agreement). The Loan Agreement has a three year term and may be renewed annually thereafter if both parties agree. The
line of credit consists of two elements: a $15 million line of credit bearing interest at the prime rate (9.0% at December 31, 2000) and secured by a matching compensating cash balance, and a $15 million line of credit bearing interest at the
prime rate plus 1.5% and based on eligible domestic accounts receivable and inventory, as defined in the Loan Agreement. Under the terms of the Loan Agreement, the Company is required to maintain a loan balance of at least $5 million. As collateral
for the line of credit, the Company has granted FINOVA a first priority security interest in certain of its tangible and intangible assets and has pledged the stock of its two French subsidiaries, IMTIX-SangStat SAS and SangStat Atlantique SA. The
net book value of the assets subject to such security interest was approximately $67 million at December 31, 2000. In addition, the Company is required to meet certain financial covenants and is precluded from paying any dividends while any
obligations are owed FINOVA. At December 31, 2000 the
F-13
Company had drawn down $5.0 million under the line of credit and had set aside a corresponding compensating balance, which is included in Other Current Assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
The Company has not drawn down any additional amounts under this line of credit and has no plans to do so. In connection with this financing, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 50,000 shares of the Companys common stock at an exercise
price of $23.438. This warrant has been valued using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: expected life, five years; stock volatility, 72%; risk free interest rate, 6.0%; and no dividend payments during
the expected term. The calculated value of the warrant of $744,000 and additional financing fees of $750,000 have been included in Other Assets on the consolidated balance sheet and are being amortized over the three year life of the Loan Agreement.
As of December 31, 2000, the Company was in default of the Tangible Net Worth covenant under the Loan Agreement as a result of the reserve the Company took against inventory due to the SangCya Oral Solution recall. The Loan Agreement does not
provide for a cure period for such a default. FINOVA has requested that the parties amend the Loan Agreement to terminate it as of September 30, 2001 and to eliminate the portion of the line of credit collateralized by accounts receivable and
inventory from the date of the amendment until termination of the Loan Agreement. In exchange, FINOVA would waive the default and all early termination penalties with respect to the Loan Agreement. The Company is currently in negotiations with
FINOVA regarding this proposed amendment. Because of this, the amount of $5 million payable to FINOVA has been classified as short-term.
Other debt at December 31, 2000 consisted primarily of borrowings by IMTIX against four revolving lines of credit from French banks. These lines of credit, which are renegotiable annually, bear interest at variable
rates based on Eonia (Euro Over Night Index Average) plus 0.5% to 1.0%, and are secured by accounts receivable from unaffiliated customers. At December 31, 2000, accounts receivable subject to such security totaled approximately $4,027,000. At
December 31, 2000, approximately $1.7 million remained available for borrowing under these credit lines. Interest rates on other debt at December 31, 2000 range between 3.55% and 8.25%.
As of December 31, 2000, future principal payments of notes payable (net of discounts) are as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31,
|
|
|
2001 |
|
$ |
12,797 |
2002 |
|
|
4,930 |
2003 |
|
|
3,756 |
2004 |
|
|
25,993 |
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
47,476 |
|
|
|
8. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to
estimate fair value.
Short-term investments and corporate equity securities are recorded at fair value based on quoted market
prices (see Note 3).
The fair value of the convertible note is based on market quotations, the major element of which is a
comparison of the fixed conversion price and the closing price of the Companys common stock at December 31, 2000 and 1999. The fair value of the notes payable to Aventis and Abbott Laboratories is based on the present value of future cash
flows discounted at an interest rate of 10.0% at December 31, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
F-14
These estimates are approximate since no liquid market exists for these notes. The fair value of the Companys other debt is based on carrying value as those obligations have short-term
variable interest rates.
The estimated fair values of the Companys debt, including current portion, are as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
December 31, 2000
|
|
December 31, 1999
|
|
|
Carrying Amount
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Carrying Amount
|
|
Fair Value
|
Note payable to Aventis |
|
$ |
13,293 |
|
$ |
12,592 |
|
$ |
15,011 |
|
$ |
14,175 |
Note payable to Abbott Laboratories |
|
|
16,000 |
|
|
15,366 |
|
|
16,000 |
|
|
15,242 |
Note payable to Finova |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible debt |
|
|
9,691 |
|
|
8,796 |
|
|
9,609 |
|
|
16,400 |
Other debt |
|
|
3,492 |
|
|
3,492 |
|
|
3,751 |
|
|
3,751 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
47,476 |
|
$ |
45,246 |
|
$ |
44,371 |
|
$ |
49,568 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS
In May 1999, the Company and Abbott Laboratories (Abbott) signed a multi-year co-promotion, distribution and research agreement for SangCya
Oral Solution and cyclosporine capsules (the products) in the US. The Company is the exclusive distributor for the products and shares marketing, promotional and development expenses as well as the profits from the co-promotion of the products with
Abbott. The agreement ends December 31, 2004 unless both parties agree to extend it. Pursuant to this agreement, Abbott made an equity investment of $14 million during 1999 in exchange for approximately 894,000 shares of common stock, representing a
premium to fair market value at that time aggregating to $1.3 million. In addition, Abbott made a series of up-front and milestone payments totaling $20.8 million through May 2000, and a long-term loan of $16 million (see Note 7) to the
Company. In January 2000, the Company made a milestone payment to Abbott of $4 million under the terms of the agreement. No further milestone payments are required from either party. All up-front and milestone payments received, net of milestone
payments made, and the premium received on the sale of the common stock to Abbott are recorded as deferred revenue and are being recognized ratably over the term of the agreement. For the years ended December 31, 2000 and 1999, the Company amortized
$2.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively, to revenue. In May 2000, the Company and Abbott launched the cyclosporine capsule developed by Abbott under the brand name Gengraf®. In connection with the equity investment, Abbott and the Company entered into a Right of First Refusal Agreement and a Registration Rights Agreement, and amended and restated their
existing Supply Agreement.
On August 8, 2000, the Company entered into a global co-development, supply and license agreement
with Abgenix, Inc. for ABX-CBL, an antibody developed by Abgenix. The Company will have an exclusive worldwide license for the marketing and sale of ABX-CBL. ABX-CBL is an anti-CD 147 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of steroid resistant graft
versus host disease (GVHD) and is currently in a multicenter, randomized, and controlled PhaseII/III study. Future development costs will be shared equally, as would any potential profits from the sales of collaboration products. The Company and
Abgenix will share responsibility for product development, including the ongoing Phase II / III clinical trial. The Company will market any potential products and Abgenix will be responsible for manufacturing ABX-CBL. The Company also has the right,
subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement, to commercialize other anti-CD147 antibodies developed by Abgenix.
Under
the terms of the agreement, the Company made an initial license fee payment of $1 million to Abgenix. Two additional milestone payments of $1 million are due to Abgenix under the terms of the agreement
F-15
contingent on achievement of certain milestones. The license fee payment and the milestone payments, if any are paid to Abgenix, will be non-refundable and non-creditable against any future
obligations under this agreement.
If ABX-CBL receives regulatory approval and is launched, the Company shall reimburse Abgenix
for one-half of the development expenses incurred by Abgenix prior to January 1, 2000 up to a maximum reimbursement by the Company of $6.1 million, provided that the Company shall have no obligation to reimburse Abgenix until the first anniversary
of the launch of ABX-CBL and the timing of reimbursement varies depending on the amount of net sales of ABX-CBL. The Company has also agreed to reimburse Abgenix for one-half of the development costs incurred by Abgenix from January 1, 2000 to
August 8, 2000, with the Companys share being approximately $1.9 million. The Company must reimburse Abgenix for this amount over a two-year period commencing with a $1 million payment made during fiscal 2000 and the remaining amount payable
in two equal installments by the end of June 2001 and 2002. The license fee and the initial reimbursement of development expenses are recorded as research and development expenses.
The Company entered into a Distribution Agreement with Aventis in May 1999 that expires on March 31, 2002. Aventis is the exclusive distributor for Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline for
most countries outside of North America, Europe, and Japan (where Thymoglobuline and Lymphoglobuline are distributed by Aventis Pharma). The contract has minimum purchase requirements. If Aventis does not meet those minimums, the agreement becomes
non-exclusive, which means that the Company can sell to another distributor in the same country. Aventis sells these products either through its local subsidiary or through a distributor that often distributes other Aventis products. The Company is
currently re-negotiating this distribution agreement to allow it to contract directly with distributors in countries in which Aventis has no direct presence (e.g. Israel and certain Asian countries). Aventis also performs certain steps in the
manufacturing process of some of the Companys products. In addition, pursuant to the purchase of IMTIX, the Company pays Aventis royalties on Thymoglobulin and Lymphoglobuline contingent upon the sales of these products. In the years ended
December 31, 2000 and 1999, royalty payments on Lymphoglobuline to Aventis totaled approximately $622,000 and $646,000, respectively. The Company will begin paying royalties on sales of Thymoglobulin commencing on the third anniversary of the
purchase of IMTIX (October 1, 2001).
In December 1997, the Company signed an agreement with Amgen Inc. (Amgen) for
the exclusive registration, marketing and distribution of its cyclosporine products in selected territories in the Asia/Pacific Rim region. Under the terms of the agreement, Amgen will have exclusive rights to market the Companys cyclosporine
products under the Companys branded trademark in Australia, New Zealand, China and Taiwan. The licensing agreement includes an initial $750,000 payment to the Company, which was received in 1997, and other milestone and reimbursement payments
based on key regulatory submissions and approvals. Payments and reimbursements under the agreement of $550,000 and $1,036,000 were received in the years ended December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, and are included in revenue from collaborative
agreements in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
F-16
10. LEASING ARRANGEMENTS
The Company leases administrative facilities under operating leases and machinery and equipment under capital leases expiring through 2006. As of
December 31, 2000, future minimum annual payments under capital and operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31,
|
|
Capital Leases
|
|
|
Operating Leases
|
2001 |
|
$ |
305 |
|
|
$ |
1,626 |
2002 |
|
|
204 |
|
|
|
1,621 |
2003 |
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
1,591 |
2004 |
|
|
166 |
|
|
|
1,397 |
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
990 |
Thereafter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,466 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total minimum lease payments |
|
|
843 |
|
|
$ |
11,691 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less amounts representing interest |
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Present value of minimum lease payments |
|
|
792 |
|
|
|
Less current portion |
|
|
(257 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital lease obligations |
|
$ |
535 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company also leases manufacturing facilities from Aventis in Lyon, France
under a lease that expires in 2013. This lease may be terminated at the Companys option with one years notice. Annual payments, which have not been included in the above table, are approximately $500,000.
Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998 was $1,493,000, $1,047,000 and $761,000, respectively.
11. STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Issuance of Common StockOn January 5, 2001, the Company completed a private placement of approximately 1.3 million shares of common stock for aggregate proceeds of approximately $12.5 million with a group of institutional
investors. Shares were purchased at a discount to the closing market price on the date the agreements were signed. The transaction occurred in two tranches, of approximately $8.5 million (894,800 shares) and $4.0 million (421,000 shares)
respectively, the first of which closed December 29, 2000, the second of which closed January 5, 2001. The Company did not pay any investment banking fees and did not issue any warrants with respect to this placement. The Company intends to use the
proceeds to provide additional working capital to fund its anticipated future growth.
Stockholder Rights PlanIn
August 1995, the Companys Board of Directors approved a plan to protect stockholders rights in the event of a proposed takeover of the Company. Under the plan a preferred share purchase right (Right) is attached to each share of common
stock. The Rights are exercisable only if a person or group acquires 15% or more of the Companys common stock or announces a tender offer, the consummation of which would result in ownership by a person or group of 15% or more of the
Companys common stock. Each Right will entitle stockholders to buy one one-hundredth of a share of a new series of junior participating preferred stock at an exercise price of $45 upon certain events. If, after the Rights become exercisable,
the Company is acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction, or sells 50% or more of its assets or earnings power, each Right will entitle its holder to purchase, at the Rights then-current price, a number of the acquiring
companys common shares having a market value at the time of twice the Rights exercise price. If a person or group acquires 15% or more of the Companys outstanding common stock, each Right will entitle its
F-17
holder (other than such person or members of such group) to purchase, at the Rights then-current exercise price, a number of the Companys common shares (or cash, other securities or
property) having a market value twice the Rights exercise price. At any time within ten days after a person or group has acquired beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the Companys common stock, the Rights are redeemable for $.01 per
Right at the option of the Board of Directors. The Rights expire on August 25, 2005, unless earlier redeemed or exchanged.
Stock Option PlansThe Company has two stock option plans: the 1993 Stock Option Plan (the 1993 Plan) and the 1996 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan (the Directors Plan). Under the Companys stock option plans,
incentive or non-statutory stock options to purchase up to 4,792,200 shares of common stock may be granted to employees, directors, and consultants. Incentive and non-statutory options must be granted at not less than fair market value at the date
of grant.
A summary of stock option activity is as follows:
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price
|
Balances, January 1, 1998 |
|
1,501,189 |
|
|
$ |
11.78 |
Options granted (weighted average fair value of $16.43) |
|
1,363,757 |
|
|
|
25.64 |
Options exercised |
|
(205,320 |
) |
|
|
4.24 |
Options canceled |
|
(103,983 |
) |
|
|
22.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances, December 31, 1998 (1,308,819 vested at a weighted average exercise price of $17.34) |
|
2,555,643 |
|
|
|
19.32 |
Options granted (weighted average fair value of $19.16) |
|
913,394 |
|
|
|
18.11 |
Options exercised |
|
(244,927 |
) |
|
|
7.59 |
Options canceled |
|
(413,151 |
) |
|
|
25.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances, December 31, 1999 (1,258,563 vested at a weighted average exercise price of $19.62) |
|
2,810,959 |
|
|
|
19.43 |
Options granted (weighted average fair value of $18.11) |
|
1,331,725 |
|
|
|
21.19 |
Options exercised |
|
(242,644 |
) |
|
|
10.84 |
Options canceled |
|
(702,266 |
) |
|
|
23.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances, December 31, 2000 |
|
3,197,774 |
|
|
$ |
19.97 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Under the 1993 Plan, options to purchase common stock generally vest over a
period of four years, are exercisable upon vesting and expire ten years from the date of grant. As of December 31, 2000, 212,163 shares were available under the 1993 Plan for future grants. During 1999, the Company recorded a charge of $160,000
related to certain fully vested non-employee options.
Under the Directors Plan, up to a total 500,000 options to purchase
shares of the Companys common stock may be issued. Also in accordance with the Directors Option Plan, during 2000, 1999 and 1998, each of the non-employee Directors was granted options to purchase 4,000, 4,000 and 3,000 shares of the
Companys common stock, respectively. In addition, in 1998, each of the non-employee directors was granted options to purchase 10,000 shares of the Companys common stock. All options granted under the Directors Plan are immediately
exercisable, but the Company may repurchase at the exercise price any unvested shares held by a non-employee Board member when his or her service terminates. The first 25% of the shares acquired under the Directors Plan vest when the non-employee
director completes the first 12 months of service after the date of grant, and the
F-18
balance vests in equal monthly installments as the non-employee director completes each of the next 36 months of service. The shares vest in full if the non-employee Board members service
terminates due to death or permanent disability or if the Company is subject to a change in control or a party to a merger or certain other transactions. In addition, the Directors Plan permits non-employee directors to convert their annual cash
retainer into additional options to purchase shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2000, there were no outstanding shares subject to repurchase rights and 341,632 shares were available under the Directors Plan for future grants. Options granted
under the Directors Plan are also included in the above table.
Additional information regarding options outstanding as of
December 31, 2000 is as follows:
Options Outstanding and Exercisable
|
|
Vested Options
|
Range of Exercise Prices
|
|
Number Outstanding
|
|
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (yrs)
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price
|
|
Number Vested
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price
|
$0.00 5.00 |
|
116,050 |
|
1.4 |
|
$ |
3.72 |
|
116,050 |
|
$ |
3.72 |
5.01 10.00 |
|
176,874 |
|
5.2 |
|
|
6.77 |
|
88,415 |
|
|
5.96 |
10.01 15.00 |
|
502,407 |
|
8.4 |
|
|
11.73 |
|
101,775 |
|
|
13.48 |
15.01 20.00 |
|
865,137 |
|
5.6 |
|
|
19.04 |
|
461,791 |
|
|
19.64 |
20.01 25.00 |
|
848,806 |
|
8.0 |
|
|
22.79 |
|
225,604 |
|
|
22.35 |
25.01 30.00 |
|
392,567 |
|
7.4 |
|
|
27.23 |
|
160,759 |
|
|
27.29 |
30.01 35.00 |
|
272,933 |
|
4.7 |
|
|
32.46 |
|
150,643 |
|
|
32.96 |
35.01 45.00 |
|
23,000 |
|
9.2 |
|
|
42.84 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,197,774 |
|
6.7 |
|
$ |
19.97 |
|
1,305,037 |
|
$ |
19.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-19
Additional Stock Plan InformationSFAS No. 123, requires the
disclosure of pro forma net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share as though the Company had adopted the fair value method. Under SFAS No. 123, the fair value of stock-based awards to employees is calculated through the use of option pricing
models, even though such models were developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options without vesting restrictions, which significantly differ from the Companys stock option awards. These models also require
subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. The Companys calculations were made using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following
weighted average assumptions: expected life, five and a half years; stock volatility, 108% in 2000, 72% in 1999 and 69% in 1998; risk free interest rate, approximately 5.50% in 2000 and 1999 and 5.25% in 1998; and no dividend payments during the
expected term. The Companys calculations are based on a single option valuation approach and forfeitures are recognized as they occur. If the computed fair values of the plan awards had been amortized to expense over the vesting period of the
awards, pro forma net loss would have been approximately as follows:
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
1999
|
|
1998
|
Net loss (numerator) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
44,418 |
|
$ |
36,148 |
|
$ |
42,188 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
2,704 |
|
|
2,158 |
|
|
2,601 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
47,122 |
|
$ |
38,306 |
|
$ |
44,789 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares (denominator) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
|
|
17,910 |
|
|
16,888 |
|
|
16,080 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per sharebasic and diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
2.48 |
|
$ |
2.14 |
|
$ |
2.62 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
0.15 |
|
|
0.13 |
|
|
0.16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2.63 |
|
$ |
2.27 |
|
$ |
2.79 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. INCOME TAXES
Loss before income taxes and the provision for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
1998
|
|
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Domestic |
|
$ |
(38,448 |
) |
|
$ |
(28,023 |
) |
|
$ |
(33,137 |
) |
Foreign |
|
|
(3,201 |
) |
|
|
(2,614 |
) |
|
|
(2,590 |
) |
Net loss from operations of discontinued operation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Domestic |
|
|
(2,342 |
) |
|
|
(2,025 |
) |
|
|
(2,480 |
) |
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Domestic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign |
|
|
368 |
|
|
|
345 |
|
|
|
257 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Loss |
|
$ |
(42,017 |
) |
|
$ |
(30,982 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,984 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-20
No domestic income tax provision (benefit) has been provided due to the
Companys continuing losses. The difference between the Companys effective tax rate and the Federal statutory rate (35%) is attributable primarily to the recording of valuation allowances on net operating losses during the respective
periods.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and
liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Significant components of the Companys deferred income tax assets are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
1999
|
|
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
$ |
47,999 |
|
|
$ |
36,122 |
|
General business credits |
|
|
5,604 |
|
|
|
4,312 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
5,032 |
|
|
|
6,494 |
|
Capitalized research and development |
|
|
3,299 |
|
|
|
3,227 |
|
Accruals and reserves deductible in different periods |
|
|
8,524 |
|
|
|
2,361 |
|
Depreciation |
|
|
2,584 |
|
|
|
932 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73,042 |
|
|
|
53,448 |
|
Valuation allowance |
|
|
(72,739 |
) |
|
|
(53,147 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
303 |
|
|
$ |
301 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Based on its history of US operating losses, the Company has placed a valuation
allowance of $72,739,000 and $53,147,000 against its otherwise recognizable domestic net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2000 and 1999, respectively, due to the uncertainty surrounding the realizability of these benefits.
At December 31, 2000, the Company had federal, California and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $136,175,000,
$17,106,000 and $1,913,000 respectively, available to reduce future taxable income. Such carryforwards expire beginning in 2001 through 2020.
Also at December 31, 2000, the Company had research and experimentation credit carryforwards available of approximately $3,584,000 and $1,968,000 for federal and state tax purposes, respectively. The federal tax
credit carryforwards expire beginning in 2004 and the state tax credit carryforwards have no expiration date.
Included in the
deferred tax assets at December 31, 2000 is approximately $4,093,000 of cumulative tax benefit related to equity transactions which will be credited to stockholders equity, if and when realized after the other tax deductions in the
carryforwards have been realized.
Utilization of the net operating loss and credit carryforwards may be subject to an annual
limitation due to ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating loss and credit carryforwards before utilization.
13. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The Company has a 401(k) tax-deferred savings plan, whereby eligible employees may contribute a portion of their eligible compensation. Company contributions are discretionary and through December 31, 2000 the Company
had not made any contributions.
F-21
14. MAJOR CUSTOMERS
For the year ended December 31, 2000, the Company had two customers that accounted for approximately 15% and 13%, respectively, of total revenues. For the year ended December 31,
1999, the Company had one customer that accounted for approximately 11% of total revenues. No customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1998.
15. DISCONTINUED OPERATION
In October 2000, the
Company announced that it hoped to sell The Transplant Pharmacy (TTP). In early March, the Company received several non-binding offers to purchase TTP, one of which the Company accepted on March 13, 2001, thus committing to a formal plan to sell
this segment. The Company is currently in advanced negotiations with this bidder and expects to complete the sale of TTP by April 30, 2001. The Company is not including the accounts receivable and inventory in the sale, and plans to liquidate these
assets as soon as practicable following the closing of the sale.
The historical consolidated statements of operations and cash
flows have been restated for all periods presented to account for TTP as a discontinued operation. The financial data of TTP reflects the historical sales and expenses of the transplantation services segment. Discontinued operations include TTP net
sales which totaled $17,502,000, $13,865,000 and $8,384,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Net loss from the operations of TTP was $2,342,000, $2,025,000 and $2,480,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999
and 1998, respectively.
The Company expects that the net results of future operations of TTP, together with the anticipated
sale proceeds and costs associated with the sale, will result in a net gain to the Company, therefore no provision has been made in these consolidated financial statements regarding the future operations of TTP.
16. BUSINESS SEGMENT DATA
As stated in Note 15, the Company has presented the results of TTP, which represents its previously reported transplantation services segment, as a discontinued operation. As a result, the Companys continuing operations are organized
and operate in one business segment: pharmaceutical products. Pharmaceutical products consist primarily of products for patient monitoring and therapeutic products for preventing and treating organ rejection. The companys segment information
has been restated to reflect the results of such decision. The following information is presented in accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.
The Company is engaged in the business of developing and marketing products and services for use in transplantation. The
Companys operations in Europe primarily relate to the manufacture, marketing and selling, research and development and clinical study of therapeutic products for transplantation. The Companys operations in the rest of the world are
principally sales and marketing related.
F-22
Summarized data for the Companys domestic and foreign revenues and
long-lived assets are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
United States
|
|
Europe
|
|
Canada
|
|
Rest of the World
|
|
Consolidated
|
Year ended December 31, 2000: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales to unaffiliated customers |
|
$ |
41,272 |
|
$ |
14,667 |
|
$ |
1,289 |
|
$ |
5,917 |
|
$ |
63,145 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-lived assets |
|
$ |
5,003 |
|
$ |
12,669 |
|
$ |
9 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
17,681 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 1999: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales to unaffiliated customers |
|
$ |
18,094 |
|
$ |
22,428 |
|
$ |
1,401 |
|
$ |
2,380 |
|
$ |
44,303 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-lived assets |
|
$ |
4,909 |
|
$ |
13,184 |
|
$ |
15 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
18,108 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 1998: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales to unaffiliated customers |
|
$ |
3,272 |
|
$ |
4,885 |
|
$ |
1,356 |
|
$ |
1,781 |
|
$ |
11,294 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-lived assets |
|
$ |
2,295 |
|
$ |
14,957 |
|
$ |
33 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
17,285 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17. RECALL OF SANGCYA ORAL SOLUTION
On June 29, 2000, the Company in discussions with the FDA, which began on June 24, 2000, concluded that a recall of SangCya Oral Solution from the U.S.
market would be required. Following further discussions with the FDA as to the type of recall and mechanism for conducting it, this decision was announced on July 10, 2000. The recall was a Class II recall and was limited to the wholesale level and
not extended to the pharmacy or the patient. A study in healthy volunteers had found that, when SangCya Oral Solution is mixed with apple juice as recommended in its labeling, it is not bioequivalent to Neoral® oral solution. The Company also announced at the same time its decision to voluntarily withdraw SangCya Oral Solution from the U.S. market.
In the UK, the Company is selling SangCya Oral Solution on a named patient only basis subject to an amendment to the labeling.
The Company is working with the Medicines Control Agency (MCA) to complete a labeling change that must be approved by the other member states to permit the Company to obtain authorization to sell SangCya Oral Solution in these other
countries.
The Company included in its financial results for the year ended December 31, 2000, charges to cover the losses
resulting from the recall. These charges, which are reported in the consolidated statements of operations under revenues, cost of sales, research and development expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses, include $872,000 for sales
returns, $11,774,000 for the write-off of all SangCya Oral Solution and CycloTech finished goods and components and a partial write-down of bulk cyclosporine inventories, and $429,000 for costs to terminate ongoing marketing and clinical programs,
and to administer the recall. The inventory reserves are non-cash in nature since the inventories in question have already been paid for. The amounts remaining unpaid at December 31, 2000 were not significant.
F-23
18. LITIGATION
Novartis Patent Litigation
Novartis vs. SangStat
On July 27, 2000, the Company entered into a global settlement agreement with Novartis AG and Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation with
respect to the patent infringement lawsuits filed against the Company regarding SangCya® Oral Solution, USP as
well as the counterclaim the Company filed against Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation in the US. As part of the settlement, the Company has entered into a global license agreement pursuant to which Novartis shall license U.S. patent #5,389,382 and
its foreign counterparts to the Company and the Company shall pay Novartis a royalty on sales of SangCya Oral Solution. The settlement and license applies only to SangCya Oral Solution and does not apply to cyclosporine capsule products. The Company
does not expect the terms of the settlement to have a material financial impact on the Company in the foreseeable future.
Novartis vs. Abbott
Novartis has sued Abbott claiming that Gengraf® (cyclosporine capsule, USP, MODIFIED), infringes certain Novartis patents. Novartis complaint includes a plea for injunctive relief to prevent
the sale of Gengraf in the U.S., but to date Novartis has not moved for a preliminary injunction. The trial date has been set for October 1, 2001. The discovery schedule is still before the court pending resolution of differences between the
parties proposals. Abbott has informed the Company that it does not believe it infringes the Novartis patents. The Company has not been named a defendant in this lawsuit, and under the Companys agreement with Abbott, Abbott is obligated
to indemnify the Company against such suits. The course of litigation is inherently uncertain, however; Novartis may choose to name the Company in this suit, Abbott may not prevail, or Abbott may choose to settle on terms adverse to the
Companys interests. Should the Company be named in this suit, the Company may incur expenses prior to reimbursement (if any) by Abbott pursuant to its indemnity obligation. Should Novartis succeed in obtaining a preliminary or permanent
injunction, Gengraf may be temporarily or permanently removed from the market.
Novartis Regulatory Litigation
U.S. Regulatory Litigation
Novartis U.S. sued the FDA on February 11, 1999 in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (case number 1: 99CV-00323) alleging that the FDA did not follow its own regulations in approving SangCya Oral Solution in
October 1998. The lawsuit alleges that because Neoral oral solution and SangCya Oral Solution are based on different formulation technologies, they should be classified as different dosage forms. Novartis asks that the Court (i) allow Novartis to
keep its microemulsion labeling; (ii) declare microemulsion to be a separate dosage form; and (iii) rescind the AB rating that was given to SangCya Oral Solution. The Company intervened in this lawsuit. The parties have all filed motions for summary
judgment with the Court and are awaiting a final ruling. The Court has dismissed the counts that relate specifically to the approval of SangCya Oral Solution, but Novartis may appeal this decision. Because the Company permanently withdrew SangCya
Oral Solution from the U.S. market in July 2000, the Company does not believe that this lawsuit will have any material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
F-24
UK Regulatory LitigationSangCya Oral Solution
On October 18, 1999, Novartis UK was granted leave to seek judicial review of the decision by the Medicines Control Agency (the
MCA) to approve SangCya Oral Solution (Case No. HC-1969/99). On March 30, 2000, the High Court in London dismissed Novartis application for judicial review and ruled that the MCA acted properly in granting the SangCya Oral
Solution marketing authorization. Novartis appealed the High Courts decision and the hearing was held before the Court of Appeal on November 13 and 14, 2000. The Court of Appeal has stayed ruling on this matter pending the answer of certain
questions of law to be submitted to the European Court of Justice (ECJ). The Company estimates that the ECJ will issue its ruling in approximately eighteen to twenty four months. Following the ECJ ruling, the parties would go back to the
Court of Appeal who will then apply the ECJ ruling on the law to the facts of this case.
UK Regulatory
LitigationCyclosporine Capsules
In November 1999, Novartis filed a request with the High Court in London for judicial
review of the refusal by MCA to state that it would not reference Neoral data in approving any cyclosporine capsule application. An agreement was reached between the parties in which Novartis agreed to stay the judicial review until the earlier of
(i) the decision on the judicial review of SangCya Oral Solution or (ii) MCAs approval of a marketing authorization for a cyclosporine capsule product; in return, the Company agreed that the Company would not launch or commence mutual
recognition procedures in relation to the cyclosporine capsule marketing authorization (including a request to MCA to prepare an assessment report) for a period of 28 days commencing on the day on which the Company notify Novartis solicitors
of capsule approval. The parties have agreed to continue the stay until the appeal of the High Court decision with respect to the judicial review of SangCya Oral Solution. The stay of this application for judicial review will remain in place pending
the ECJ ruling on the questions of law and resulting Court of Appeal judgment. Novartis has also indicated that it will seek an injunction to prevent the Companys cyclosporine capsule from being sold in the United Kingdom until final
resolution of the judicial review relating to its cyclosporine capsule. Because the High Court ruled in favor of the MCA with respect to the SangCya Oral Solution marketing authorization and the Court of Appeal has referred questions of law to the
ECJ, the Company believes that it is unlikely that a court would grant Novartis a preliminary injunction with respect to its cyclosporine capsule marketing authorization. If the Court of Appeals reverses the High Courts ruling following the
ECJs decisions on questions of law, either the MCA could still approve its cyclosporine capsule as supra-bioavailable to Sandimmune without referencing Neoral data or the MCA could decide not to approve its cyclosporine capsule marketing
authorization until the expiration of the ten year data exclusivity period for Neoral capsules (approximately 2004).
Italian
Regulatory/Trade Secret Litigation
On May 5, 2000, Novartis Farma S.p.A. (Novartis Italy) served IMTIX SangStat
s.r.l., an Italian subsidiary of the Company, and IMTIX SangStat Ltd. with a summons to the Milan Tribunal. Novartis Italy alleges that by requesting mutual recognition from the Italian Health Authorities of the SangCya Oral Solution dossier
approved by the MCA, the Company implicitly requested that the Italian Health Authorities review the Neoral dossier. Novartis alleges that this request is an act of unfair competition in that (i) the Neoral data has ten year exclusivity and (ii) the
data is secret and by requesting mutual recognition, the Company is responsible for the Health Authorities act of unfair competition following use of the Neoral dossier in reviewing the SangCya Oral Solution dossier. While the summons acknowledges
that the UK High Court did not invalidate the SangCya Oral Solution marketing authorization, it does not acknowledge that the High Court ruled that the MCA could
F-25
review the Neoral data. To the best of the Companys knowledge, Novartis Italy has not filed suit against the Italian Health Authorities. The initial appearance of the parties before the
Milan Tribunal was scheduled for January 2001. The Company filed its response to the complaint at that time and the hearing was postponed until September 2001.
The Company does not yet have marketing approval for SangCya Oral Solution in Italy. Novartis Italy is seeking damages and an injunction to prevent the sale by SangStat of SangCya Oral Solution, or any other product
for which the Company may obtain approval based upon a reference to the Neoral dossier, which the Company believes is intended to block its cyclosporine capsule from sale in Italy. The Company believes that resolution of this matter will depend on
the resolution of the UK regulatory litigation, since the MCAs actions are the basis for the Italian lawsuit.
Breach of Contract Suit
In August 2000, two affiliated suppliers, IFFA CREDO and Elevage Scientifique des Dombes, sued the Companys French
subsidiary, IMTIX-SangStat SAS, for breach of contract because the Company ordered lower quantities than was anticipated by the agreements. Those suppliers claim that the quantities set forth in the agreements were fixed orders; the Company believes
that these were forecasts only. The Company believes that the agreements provide that if it purchased less than the forecast amounts, the Company would pay a penalty equal to a percentage of the difference between the amount ordered and the amount
forecast. The suppliers claim this provision only applied during the first year of the agreements. The suppliers are asking for damages of 37 million French Francs (approximately $5 million) for lost profits and reimbursement of capital
expenditures. Under its interpretation, the Company would owe the suppliers 2.2 million French Francs (approximately $300,000) for 2000, which was accrued in fiscal 2000, and 1.6 million French Francs (approximately $200,000) for 2001, presuming no
further orders are placed with these suppliers. The claim was filed under a Fast Track provision in the Lyon Commercial Courts and a hearing on the merits occurred at the end of December 2000. The Company currently anticipates a ruling
in mid-April 2001. If the plaintiffs were to prevail, the Court would likely appoint an expert to assess the exact amount of damages suffered by the plaintiffs.
Summary
The Company believes that these lawsuits are without merit and that it will prevail in these matters.
Although the Company is optimistic that these disputes will ultimately be resolved in its favor, the course of litigation is inherently uncertain and there can be no assurance of a favorable outcome. With respect to Novartis lawsuit against
Abbott, Novartis is seeking to remove Gengraf from the market. If Novartis succeeds, the Companys revenues would be reduced. With respect to the regulatory and trade secret lawsuits, Novartis requested relief, if granted, could have a
negative economic impact on the Company depending on how the MCA would proceed with the Companys Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) for its capsule product. The MCA could approve the Companys MAA for cyclosporine capsule as
supra-bioavailable to Sandimmune without referencing Neoral data or the MCA could decide not to approve the Companys MAA for its cyclosporine capsule until the expiration of the ten year data exclusivity period for Neoral capsules
(approximately 2004). If the Company cannot obtain approval of its cyclosporine capsule in Europe until 2004, this could have a material impact on the Companys future revenues and results of operations. With respect to the FDA lawsuit,
Novartis requested relief would mean that Gengraf and all other generic cyclosporine products would lose their AB rating. If Gengraf was no longer AB-rated to Neoral capsules, pharmacists could not automatically substitute Gengraf for Neoral
capsules and this would harm revenues. With respect to the breach of
F-26
contract lawsuit, the requested relief would be a one-time charge against earnings. None of these lawsuits involves significant time or resources of the Company at the current stage of
litigation. The UK regulatory litigation will require additional time and expense towards the end of 2001 or early 2002 as the Company prepares for a hearing before the ECJ. The litigation, if not resolved favorably to the Company, could have a
material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
19. UNAUDITED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Selected Quarterly Consolidated Financial Data:
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
Year ended December 31, 2000: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
11,978 |
|
$ |
15,991 |
|
|
$ |
16,894 |
|
$ |
18,282 |
Gross profit |
|
|
7,509 |
|
|
(3,519 |
) |
|
|
10,578 |
|
|
9,331 |
Net loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
|
7,094 |
|
|
19,836 |
|
|
|
10,366 |
|
|
4,721 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
695 |
|
|
382 |
|
|
|
512 |
|
|
753 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
7,789 |
|
$ |
20,218 |
|
|
$ |
10,878 |
|
$ |
5,474 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per sharebasic and diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
0.40 |
|
$ |
1.11 |
|
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
$ |
0.26 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.44 |
|
$ |
1.13 |
|
|
$ |
0.60 |
|
$ |
0.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 1999: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
7,475 |
|
$ |
11,108 |
|
|
$ |
11,116 |
|
$ |
14,604 |
Gross profit |
|
|
4,273 |
|
|
6,520 |
|
|
|
6,408 |
|
|
8,113 |
Net loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
|
9,211 |
|
|
8,199 |
|
|
|
7,252 |
|
|
6,320 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
512 |
|
|
384 |
|
|
|
501 |
|
|
628 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
9,723 |
|
$ |
8,583 |
|
|
$ |
7,753 |
|
$ |
6,948 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per sharebasic and diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
0.56 |
|
$ |
0.49 |
|
|
$ |
0.42 |
|
$ |
0.39 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.60 |
|
$ |
0.51 |
|
|
$ |
0.45 |
|
$ |
0.43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-27
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(In thousands)
|
|
Balance at beginning of period
|
|
Additions charged to costs and expenses
|
|
Deductions
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
Balance at end of period
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
139 |
|
$ |
773 |
|
$ |
231 |
(1) |
|
$ |
248 |
(2) |
|
$ |
929 |
|
1999 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
929 |
|
$ |
1,125 |
|
$ |
585 |
(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,469 |
|
2000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
1,469 |
|
$ |
3,789 |
|
$ |
2,130 |
(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
3,128 |
(1) |
|
Accounts written off, net of recoveries |
(2) |
|
Allowances added from the acquisition of IMTIX |
F-28
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
|
December 31, 2000
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
(1) |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT ASSETS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
25,542 |
|
|
$ |
19,046 |
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,561 |
|
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,359 in 2001 and $3,128 in 2000) |
|
|
20,254 |
|
|
|
17,569 |
|
Other receivables |
|
|
852 |
|
|
|
2,333 |
|
Inventories |
|
|
22,993 |
|
|
|
40,056 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
1,586 |
|
|
|
6,912 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
71,227 |
|
|
|
87,477 |
|
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENTnet |
|
|
5,786 |
|
|
|
6,539 |
|
INTANGIBLE ASSETS (net of accumulated amortization of $4,184 in 2001 and $3,141 in 2000) |
|
|
10,099 |
|
|
|
11,142 |
|
OTHER ASSETS |
|
|
21,407 |
|
|
|
9,158 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
108,519 |
|
|
$ |
114,316 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
12,892 |
|
|
$ |
17,553 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
|
17,363 |
|
|
|
13,938 |
|
Capital lease obligationscurrent portion |
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
257 |
|
Deferred revenuecurrent portion |
|
|
3,158 |
|
|
|
3,158 |
|
Notes payablecurrent portion |
|
|
5,405 |
|
|
|
12,797 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
39,003 |
|
|
|
47,703 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS |
|
|
381 |
|
|
|
535 |
|
DEFERRED REVENUE |
|
|
7,106 |
|
|
|
9,475 |
|
NOTES PAYABLE |
|
|
30,215 |
|
|
|
34,679 |
|
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, $.001 par value, 5,000 shares authorized; none outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $.001 par value, 35,000 shares authorized; outstanding: 200120,883 shares; 200018,942
shares |
|
|
221,714 |
|
|
|
201,766 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(187,440 |
) |
|
|
(177,636 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
|
(2,460 |
) |
|
|
(2,206 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
31,814 |
|
|
|
21,924 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
$ |
108,519 |
|
|
$ |
114,316 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Derived from the Companys audited Consolidated Financial Statements at December 31, 2000. |
See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-29
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2000
|
|
REVENUES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
64,841 |
|
|
$ |
43,448 |
|
Product recall returns |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(722 |
) |
Revenue from collaborative agreements |
|
|
2,368 |
|
|
|
1,957 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
67,209 |
|
|
|
44,683 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COSTS AND OPERATING EXPENSES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of sales: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product sales and manufacturing expenses |
|
|
29,584 |
|
|
|
18,556 |
|
Product recall charges |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11,561 |
|
Research and development (including product recall expenses of $50 in 2000) |
|
|
13,647 |
|
|
|
15,349 |
|
Selling, general and administrative (including product recall expenses of $375 in 2000) |
|
|
25,455 |
|
|
|
33,791 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
1,043 |
|
|
|
1,044 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total costs and operating expenses |
|
|
69,729 |
|
|
|
80,301 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations |
|
|
(2,520 |
) |
|
|
(35,618 |
) |
OTHER EXPENSENET |
|
|
(5,795 |
) |
|
|
(1,572 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES |
|
|
(8,315 |
) |
|
|
(37,190 |
) |
INCOME TAX PROVISION |
|
|
(345 |
) |
|
|
(106 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS |
|
|
(8,660 |
) |
|
|
(37,296 |
) |
NET LOSS FROM OPERATIONS OF DISCONTINUED OPERATION |
|
|
(763 |
) |
|
|
(1,589 |
) |
NET LOSS FROM DISPOSAL OF DISCONTINUED OPERATION |
|
|
(381 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET LOSS |
|
$ |
(9,804 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,885 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET LOSS PER SHAREBasic and diluted (Note 2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
(0.43 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.09 |
) |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
(0.06 |
) |
|
|
(0.09 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(0.49 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.18 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Used in Per Share Computations (Basic and diluted) |
|
|
19,973 |
|
|
|
17,857 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands) (unaudited)
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2000
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(9,804 |
) |
|
$ |
(38,885 |
) |
Reversal of unrealized losses on marketable securities sold during the current period |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(644 |
) |
Unrealized gains on marketable securities classified as available for sale in the current period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
28 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
|
|
(249 |
) |
|
|
(917 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive loss |
|
$ |
(10,058 |
) |
|
$ |
(40,418 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-30
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION CONDENSED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2000
|
|
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss from continuing operations |
|
$ |
(8,660 |
) |
|
$ |
(37,296 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in continuing operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
2,440 |
|
|
|
2,727 |
|
Non-cash interest expense |
|
|
861 |
|
|
|
1,108 |
|
Loss on disposal of property and equipment |
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
(2,685 |
) |
|
|
(6,149 |
) |
Other receivables |
|
|
1,481 |
|
|
|
1,018 |
|
Inventories |
|
|
1,733 |
|
|
|
9,954 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
5,326 |
|
|
|
(715 |
) |
Accounts payable |
|
|
(4,661 |
) |
|
|
4,523 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
|
3,425 |
|
|
|
8,097 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
(2,369 |
) |
|
|
183 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in continuing operating activities |
|
|
(2,914 |
) |
|
|
(16,436 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in discontinued operation |
|
|
(2,944 |
) |
|
|
(1,589 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment |
|
|
(839 |
) |
|
|
(2,672 |
) |
Maturities of short-term investments |
|
|
1,556 |
|
|
|
6,451 |
|
Proceeds from the sale of discontinued operation |
|
|
1,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of short-term investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(199 |
) |
Other assets |
|
|
3,081 |
|
|
|
(5,281 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
|
|
5,598 |
|
|
|
(1,701 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale of common stock |
|
|
19,948 |
|
|
|
17,631 |
|
Note payable borrowings |
|
|
355 |
|
|
|
6,281 |
|
Note payable repayments |
|
|
(13,072 |
) |
|
|
(2,848 |
) |
Repayment of capital lease obligations |
|
|
(226 |
) |
|
|
(455 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
7,005 |
|
|
|
20,609 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH |
|
|
(249 |
) |
|
|
(917 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
|
|
6,496 |
|
|
|
(34 |
) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, Beginning of period |
|
|
19,046 |
|
|
|
16,862 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, End of period |
|
$ |
25,542 |
|
|
$ |
16,828 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid during the period for interest, net of interest capitalized |
|
$ |
2,877 |
|
|
$ |
604 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property acquired under capital leases |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
565 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants issued in connection with financing |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
744 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized loss on investments |
|
$ |
(5 |
) |
|
$ |
(616 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-31
SANGSTAT MEDICAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SangStat Medical Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
The condensed consolidated financial statements presented are unaudited and in the opinion of management reflect all adjustments (consisting
of normal recurring accruals) which the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition and results of operations as of and for the interim periods presented. Certain reclassifications to the September 30, 2000
condensed consolidated financial statements were made in order to conform to the current quarter condensed consolidated financial statements presentation. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected
for the full year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Companys audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Companys 2000 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2. Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding for the period plus the common shares issuable if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. Common share equivalents including stock options and convertible
notes payable, aggregating 953,364 shares and 755,901 shares as of September 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively, have been excluded from diluted net loss per share, as their effect would be antidilutive.
The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net loss per share computations (amounts in thousands,
except per share figures):
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
2001
|
|
2000
|
Net loss (numerator): |
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
8,660 |
|
$ |
37,296 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
1,144 |
|
|
1,589 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
9,804 |
|
$ |
38,885 |
|
|
|
|
|
Shares (denominator): |
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
|
|
19,973 |
|
|
17,857 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per sharebasic and diluted: |
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
0.43 |
|
$ |
2.09 |
Discontinued operation |
|
|
0.06 |
|
|
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.49 |
|
$ |
2.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
3. Comprehensive Loss
The following are the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands):
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
|
December 31, 2000
|
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
6 |
|
Accumulated translation adjustments |
|
|
(2,461 |
) |
|
|
(2,212 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(2,460 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,206 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-32
4. Inventories
Inventories, valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market consist of (in thousands):
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
December 31, 2000
|
Raw materials |
|
$ |
3,138 |
|
$ |
18,860 |
Work-in-progress |
|
|
14,290 |
|
|
14,107 |
Finished goods |
|
|
5,565 |
|
|
7,089 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
22,993 |
|
$ |
40,056 |
|
|
|
|
|
In addition to these inventories, the Company has classified approximately $15
million of raw materials inventory as other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2001, as it is not expected that any significant portion of the inventory will be utilized in operations during the next twelve
months.
5. Notes Payable
Notes payable consist of (in thousands):
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
|
December 31, 2000
|
|
Note payable to Aventis |
|
$ |
9,000 |
|
|
$ |
15,000 |
|
Discount on note payable to Aventis |
|
|
(912 |
) |
|
|
(1,707 |
) |
Convertible note |
|
|
9,756 |
|
|
|
9,691 |
|
Note payable to Abbott Laboratories |
|
|
16,000 |
|
|
|
16,000 |
|
Note payable to FINOVA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,000 |
|
Other debt |
|
|
1,776 |
|
|
|
3,492 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
35,620 |
|
|
|
47,476 |
|
Less current portion |
|
|
(5,405 |
) |
|
|
(12,797 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term |
|
$ |
30,215 |
|
|
$ |
34,679 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2000 the Company had an agreement with FINOVA Capital
Corporation (FINOVA) to provide a line of credit of up to $30 million (the Loan Agreement). At December 31, 2000 and through May 11, 2001, the Company was in default of the Tangible Net Worth covenant under the Loan
Agreement as a result of the reserve the Company took against inventory during 2000 due to the SangCya Oral Solution recall. The Loan Agreement did not provide for a cure period for such a default. The parties entered into an Amendment dated May 11,
2001, which provided that the Loan Agreement would terminate as of December 31, 2001, the portion of the line of credit collateralized by accounts receivable and inventory would be eliminated and FINOVA would waive the default and all early
termination penalties with respect to the Loan Agreement. Subsequently, the Company repaid the loan balance of $5 million on June 29, 2001, thereby terminating the Loan Agreement. Since the loan has been repaid, the $5 million compensating cash
balance previously classified as other current assets has now been classified as cash in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet.
6. Issuance of Common Stock
On June 20, 2001, the Company completed a private placement
of approximately 1.36 million shares of common stock for aggregate proceeds of approximately $15 million with a group of institutional investors. The shares were purchased at a discount to the closing market price on the date the agreements were
signed. The Company did not pay any investment banking fees and did not issue any warrants with respect to this placement.
F-33
The Company intends to use the proceeds to provide additional working capital to fund its anticipated future growth and to make scheduled loan repayments.
7. Discontinued Operation
On March 13, 2001, the Company committed to a formal plan to sell its division known as The Transplant Pharmacy (TTP). On April 20, 2001, the Company closed the sale of TTP to Chronimed for $1.8 million in cash. The Company
retained the inventory and accounts receivable related to the business and is in the process of converting these assets into cash. The disposition of TTP has been accounted for as a discontinued operation in accordance with Accounting Principles
Board (APB) Opinion No. 30, and prior period consolidated statements of operations and cash flows have been restated to account for TTP as a discontinued operation. During the three months ended September 30, 2001 the Company recorded a
loss on disposal of $381,000 for the discontinued operation, primarily related to estimated future lease obligations for facilities supporting TTP.
The condensed consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2001 and December 31, 2000, include the remaining assets and liabilities of TTP as follows (in thousands):
|
|
September 30, 2001
|
|
|
December 31, 2000
|
|
Accounts receivablenet |
|
$ |
84 |
|
|
$ |
3,986 |
|
Inventories |
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
1,137 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
96 |
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
|
|
(297 |
) |
|
|
(601 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets (liabilities) of discontinued operation |
|
$ |
(191 |
) |
|
$ |
4,618 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8. Business Segment Data
As stated in Note 7, the Company has presented the results of TTP, which represents its previously reported transplantation services segment, as a
discontinued operation. As a result, the Companys continuing operations are organized and operate in one business segment: pharmaceutical products. Pharmaceutical products consist primarily of therapeutic products for preventing and treating
organ rejection. The Companys segment information has been restated to reflect the results of such decision.
9. Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. This Statement requires companies to record derivatives on the balance sheet as assets or liabilities, measured at
fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives would be accounted for depending on the use of the derivative and whether it qualifies for hedge accounting. The Company adopted SFAS No. 133 effective January 1,
2001. The adoption of this statement did not have an effect on the Companys financial position, results of operations or cash flows as the Company had no stand-alone or embedded derivatives at December 31, 2000 and had not historically entered
into any derivative transactions to hedge currency or other exposures.
As a matter of policy, the Company does not currently
enter into transactions involving derivative financial instruments. In the event the Company does enter into such transactions in the future, such items will be accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 133, in which case the Company will document
all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking such hedge transactions.
F-34
In September 2000, the FASB issued SFAS No. 140, Accounting for
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. SFAS No. 140 replaces SFAS No. 125, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities.
It revises the standards for accounting for securitizations and other transfers of financial assets and collateral and requires certain disclosures, but it carries over most of SFAS No. 125s provisions without reconsideration. The Company
adopted the applicable disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 140 in its consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2000. The remaining provisions of SFAS No. 140, which became effective for transactions entered into after March 31, 2001 had
no effect on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141,
Business Combinations and SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. SFAS No. 141 requires that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 be accounted for under the purchase method and addresses the
initial recognition and measurement of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired in a business combination. SFAS No. 142 addresses the initial recognition and measurement of intangible assets acquired outside of a business combination and the
accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets subsequent to their acquisition. SFAS No. 142 provides that intangible assets with finite useful lives be amortized and that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives not be amortized,
but will rather be tested at least annually for impairment. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 142 for its fiscal year beginning January 1, 2002. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 142, the Company will stop the amortization of goodwill with an expected net
carrying value of $9,750,000 at the date of adoption and annual amortization of $1,392,000 that resulted from business combinations completed prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 141. The Company will evaluate existing goodwill and intangibles under
the transitional impairment test in SFAS No. 142 and, accordingly, has not yet determined whether or not there will be an impairment loss. Any transitional impairment loss will be recognized as a change in accounting principle.
In July 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations (FAS
143). FAS 143 addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated asset retirement costs. It applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement
of long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development, and (or) the normal operation of a long-lived asset, except for certain obligations of lessees. The provisions of FAS 143 will be effective for fiscal years beginning
after June 15, 2002, however early application is permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of this Statement on its financial condition and results of operations.
In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. SFAS No. 144 supersedes SFAS No.
121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of, and addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. This statement is effective for
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 144 on January 1, 2002. The Company has not yet determined the impact this statement may have on its financial position or results of operations.
10. Litigation
Novartis Patent
Litigation re Gengraf
Novartis sued Abbott claiming that Gengraf® (cyclosporine capsule, USP, MODIFIED), infringes certain Novartis patents. Novartis complaint includes a plea for injunctive relief to prevent
the sale of Gengraf in the U.S., but to date Novartis has not moved for a preliminary injunction. The trial date has been postponed to February 20, 2002. Abbott informed the Company that it does not believe it infringes the Novartis patents. The
Company has not been named a defendant in this lawsuit, and under the Companys agreement with Abbott,
F-35
Abbott is obligated to indemnify the Company against such suits. The course of litigation is inherently uncertain, however, Novartis may choose to name the Company in this suit, Abbott may not
prevail, or Abbott may choose to settle on terms adverse to the Companys interests. Should the Company be named in this suit, the Company may incur expenses prior to reimbursement (if any) by Abbott pursuant to its indemnity obligation. Should
Novartis succeed in obtaining a preliminary or permanent injunction, Gengraf may be temporarily or permanently removed from the market.
Novartis
Regulatory Litigation
U.S. Regulatory Litigation
Novartis U.S. sued the FDA on February 11, 1999 in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (case number 1: 99CV-00323) alleging that the FDA did not follow its own
regulations in approving SangCya Oral Solution in October 1998. The lawsuit alleges that because Neoral Oral Solution and SangCya Oral Solution are based on different formulation technologies, they should be classified as different dosage forms.
Novartis asks the Court to (i) allow Novartis to keep its microemulsion labeling; (ii) declare microemulsion to be a separate dosage form; and (iii) rescind the AB rating that was given to SangCya Oral Solution. The Company intervened in this
lawsuit. The parties have all filed motions for summary judgment with the Court and are awaiting a final ruling. The Court has dismissed the counts that relate specifically to the approval of SangCya Oral Solution, but Novartis may appeal this
decision. Because the Company permanently withdrew SangCya Oral Solution from the U.S. market in July 2000, the Company does not believe that this lawsuit will have any material impact on SangCya revenues but if the court declares microemulsion to
be a separate dosage form, this ruling would rescind the AB rating for Gengraf, which would have a material impact on Gengraf revenues.
U.K. Regulatory LitigationSangCya Oral Solution
On October 18, 1999, Novartis U.K. was granted leave to
seek judicial review of the decision by the Medicines Control Agency (the MCA) to approve SangCya Oral Solution (Case No. HC-1969/99). On March 30, 2000, the High Court in London dismissed Novartis application for judicial review
and ruled that the MCA acted properly in granting the SangCya Oral Solution marketing authorization. Novartis appealed the High Courts decision, and the hearing was held before the Court of Appeal on November 13 and 14, 2000. The Court of
Appeal has stayed ruling on this matter pending the answer of certain questions of law to be submitted to the European Court of Justice (ECJ). No date has been set for the ECJ hearing, but it is likely to be scheduled sometime in late
2001 or early 2002, with a ruling approximately six months thereafter. Following the ECJ ruling, the parties would go back to the Court of Appeal, which will then apply the ECJ ruling on the law to the facts of this case.
U.K. Regulatory LitigationCyclosporine Capsules
In November 1999, Novartis filed a request with the High Court in London for judicial review of the refusal by MCA to state that it would not reference Neoral data in approving any cyclosporine capsule application. An
agreement was reached between the parties in which Novartis agreed to stay the judicial review until the earlier of (i) the decision on the judicial review of SangCya Oral Solution or (ii) MCAs approval of a marketing authorization for a
cyclosporine capsule product; in return, the Company agreed that the Company would not launch or commence mutual recognition procedures in relation to the cyclosporine capsule marketing authorization (including a request to MCA to prepare an
assessment report) for a period of 28 days commencing on the day on which the Company notifies Novartis solicitors of capsule approval. The parties have agreed to continue the stay until the appeal of the High Court decision with respect to
the judicial review of SangCya Oral Solution. The stay of this application for judicial review will remain in place pending the ECJ ruling on the questions of law and resulting Court of Appeal judgment.
F-36
Novartis has also indicated that it will seek an injunction to prevent the
Companys cyclosporine capsule from being sold in the United Kingdom until final resolution of the judicial review relating to its cyclosporine capsule. Because the High Court ruled in favor of the MCA with respect to the SangCya Oral Solution
marketing authorization and the Court of Appeal has referred questions of law to the ECJ, the Company believes that it is unlikely that a court would grant Novartis a preliminary injunction with respect to its cyclosporine capsule marketing
authorization. If the Court of Appeals reverses the High Courts ruling following the ECJs decisions on questions of law, either the MCA could still approve its cyclosporine capsule as supra-bioavailable to Sandimmune without referencing
Neoral data or the MCA could decide not to approve its cyclosporine capsule marketing authorization until the expiration of the ten year data exclusivity period for Neoral capsules (May 2004).
Italian Regulatory/Trade Secret Litigation
On May 5, 2000, Novartis Farma
S.p.A. (Novartis Italy) served IMTIX SangStat S.r.l., an Italian subsidiary of the Company, and IMTIX SangStat Ltd. with a summons to the Milan Tribunal. Novartis Italy alleges that by requesting mutual recognition from the Italian
Health Authorities of the SangCya Oral Solution dossier approved by the MCA, the Company implicitly requested that the Italian Health Authorities review the Neoral dossier. Novartis alleges that this request is an act of unfair competition in that
(i) the Neoral data has ten year exclusivity and (ii) the data is secret and by requesting mutual recognition, the Company is responsible for the Health Authorities act of unfair competition following use of the Neoral dossier in reviewing the
SangCya Oral Solution dossier. While the summons acknowledges that the U.K. High Court did not invalidate the SangCya Oral Solution marketing authorization, it does not acknowledge that the High Court ruled that the MCA could review the Neoral data.
To the best of the Companys knowledge, Novartis Italy has not filed suit against the Italian Health Authorities. The initial appearance of the parties before the Milan Tribunal was scheduled for January 2001. The Company filed its response to
the complaint at that time, and the hearing has been postponed until June 2002.
The Company does not yet have marketing
approval for SangCya Oral Solution in Italy. Novartis Italy is seeking damages and an injunction to prevent the sale by SangStat of SangCya Oral Solution, or any other product for which the Company may obtain approval based upon a reference to the
Neoral dossier, which the Company believes is intended to block its cyclosporine capsule from sale in Italy. The Company believes that resolution of this matter will depend on the resolution of the U.K. regulatory litigation, since the MCAs
actions are the basis for the Italian lawsuit.
Summary
The Company believes that these lawsuits are without merit and that it will prevail in these matters. Although the Company is optimistic that these disputes will ultimately be resolved in its favor, the course of
litigation is inherently uncertain. With respect to Novartis lawsuit against Abbott, Novartis is seeking to remove Gengraf from the market. If Novartis succeeds, the Companys revenues would be reduced. With respect to the European
regulatory and trade secret lawsuits, Novartis requested relief, if granted, could have a negative economic impact on the Company depending on how the MCA would proceed with the Companys Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) for its
capsule product. The MCA could approve the Companys MAA for cyclosporine capsule as supra-bioavailable to Sandimmune without referencing Neoral data or the MCA could decide not to approve the Companys MAA for its cyclosporine capsule
until the expiration of the ten year data exclusivity period for Neoral capsules (May 2004). If the Company cannot obtain approval of its cyclosporine capsule in Europe until 2004, this could have an adverse impact on the Companys future
revenues and results of operations. With respect to the FDA lawsuit, Novartis requested relief would mean that Gengraf and all other generic cyclosporine products that are not microemulsions would lose their AB rating. If Gengraf were no
longer
F-37
AB-rated to Neoral capsules, pharmacists could not automatically substitute Gengraf for Neoral capsules and this would harm revenues. The litigation, if not resolved favorably to the Company,
could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
Breach of Contract
Suit
In August 2000, two affiliated suppliers, IFFA CREDO and Elevage Scientifique des Dombes, sued the Companys
French subsidiary, IMTIX-SangStat SAS, for breach of contract. On May 2, 2001 the Company and IMTIX-SangStat were notified that the Commercial Court of Lyon ruled against IMTIX-SangStat in the breach of contract suit and the court awarded the
suppliers 26.5 million French Francs (approximately $3.6 million) for lost profits and reimbursement of capital expenditures. IMTIX-SangStat recorded a charge of $3,250,000 to other expense - net for the nine months ended September 30, 2001, which,
combined with reserves recorded in fiscal 2000, fully provide for the court award. IMTIX-SangStat believes that the ruling was in error and has appealed the decision. The hearing for the appeal was heard on November 8, 2001 and a decision is
expected in approximately two months.
The supply agreements provided that IMTIX-SangStat could reduce orders if it paid up to a
maximum penalty of 3.8 million French Francs (approximately $525,000). When IMTIX-SangStat reduced orders, the suppliers sued for breach of contract claiming that this provision did not apply. The court agreed, holding that the penalty provision
applied only in the first year of the agreements and since IMTIX-SangStat reduced orders in the second year of the agreements, it was liable for additional damages. IMTIX-SangStat maintains it should be able to invoke the penalty throughout the term
of the agreements. IMTIX-SangStats rabbit serum requirements are currently being met by its other suppliers.
F-38
4,500,000
Shares
SangStat Medical Corporation
Common Stock
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Merrill Lynch & Co.
JPMorgan
Thomas Weisel Partners LLC
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
February 4, 2002