CHSP-2012.09.30-10Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
____________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
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ý | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012
OR
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¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission file number 001-34572
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CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
____________________________________________________________________
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MARYLAND | | 27-0372343 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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1997 Annapolis Exchange Parkway, Suite 410 Annapolis, Maryland | | 21401 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(410) 972-4140
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
____________________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer | | ¨ | | Accelerated filer | | ý |
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Non-accelerated filer | | o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | | Smaller reporting company | | ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý
As of November 1, 2012, the registrant had 39,610,393 common shares issued and outstanding.
CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
INDEX
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Item 1. | | |
Item 2. | | |
Item 3. | | |
Item 4. | | |
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Item 1. | | |
Item 1A. | | |
Item 2. | | |
Item 3. | | |
Item 4. | | |
Item 5. | | |
Item 6. | | |
PART I
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Item 1. | Financial Statements |
CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
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| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2012 | | December 31, 2011 |
| | (unaudited) | | |
ASSETS | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | $ | 1,063,935 |
| | $ | 879,224 |
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Intangible assets, net | | 39,532 |
| | 39,982 |
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Cash and cash equivalents | | 27,838 |
| | 20,960 |
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Restricted cash | | 21,569 |
| | 15,034 |
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Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $102 and $80, respectively | | 15,031 |
| | 6,302 |
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Prepaid expenses and other assets | | 14,120 |
| | 4,370 |
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Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization of $2,036 and $548, respectively | | 5,616 |
| | 5,266 |
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Total assets | | $ | 1,187,641 |
| | $ | 971,138 |
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| | | | |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | |
Long-term debt | | $ | 356,033 |
| | $ | 407,736 |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | 38,242 |
| | 21,475 |
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Other liabilities | | 26,204 |
| | 21,798 |
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Total liabilities | | 420,479 |
| | 451,009 |
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Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) | |
| |
|
Preferred shares, $.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares; 5,000,000 shares and no shares issued and outstanding, respectively ($127,368 liquidation preference) | | 50 |
| | — |
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Common shares, $.01 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized; 39,610,393 shares and 32,161,620 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | | 396 |
| | 322 |
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Additional paid-in capital | | 798,645 |
| | 543,861 |
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Cumulative dividends in excess of net income | | (30,853 | ) | | (22,924 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | (1,076 | ) | | (1,130 | ) |
Total shareholders’ equity | | 767,162 |
| | 520,129 |
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Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | $ | 1,187,641 |
| | $ | 971,138 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2012 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2011 |
REVENUE | | | | | | | | |
Rooms | | $ | 58,632 |
| | $ | 40,610 |
| | $ | 148,394 |
| | $ | 87,763 |
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Food and beverage | | 14,488 |
| | 9,305 |
| | 38,299 |
| | 24,392 |
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Other | | 2,740 |
| | 1,865 |
| | 6,483 |
| | 3,906 |
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Total revenue | | 75,860 |
| | 51,780 |
| | 193,176 |
| | 116,061 |
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EXPENSES | | | | | | | | |
Hotel operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Rooms | | 12,620 |
| | 9,117 |
| | 33,297 |
| | 20,548 |
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Food and beverage | | 10,368 |
| | 7,267 |
| | 27,750 |
| | 18,458 |
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Other direct | | 1,357 |
| | 814 |
| | 3,193 |
| | 1,886 |
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Indirect | | 23,640 |
| | 16,054 |
| | 63,240 |
| | 36,912 |
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Total hotel operating expenses | | 47,985 |
| | 33,252 |
| | 127,480 |
| | 77,804 |
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Depreciation and amortization | | 7,215 |
| | 5,319 |
| | 20,422 |
| | 12,070 |
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Air rights contract amortization | | 130 |
| | 130 |
| | 390 |
| | 390 |
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Corporate general and administrative: | | | | | | | | |
Share-based compensation | | 783 |
| | 827 |
| | 2,348 |
| | 2,286 |
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Hotel acquisition costs | | 2,474 |
| | 353 |
| | 2,917 |
| | 4,270 |
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Other | | 2,227 |
| | 1,900 |
| | 6,258 |
| | 5,228 |
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Total operating expenses | | 60,814 |
| | 41,781 |
| | 159,815 |
| | 102,048 |
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Operating income | | 15,046 |
| | 9,999 |
| | 33,361 |
| | 14,013 |
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Interest income | | 74 |
| | 16 |
| | 96 |
| | 140 |
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Interest expense | | (5,425 | ) | | (4,103 | ) | | (15,615 | ) | | (8,005 | ) |
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | | — |
| | (208 | ) | | — |
| | (208 | ) |
Income before income taxes | | 9,695 |
| | 5,704 |
| | 17,842 |
| | 5,940 |
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Income tax benefit (expense) | | (662 | ) | | 23 |
| | (552 | ) | | 155 |
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Net income | | 9,033 |
| | 5,727 |
| | 17,290 |
| | 6,095 |
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Preferred share dividends | | (1,991 | ) | | — |
| | (1,991 | ) | | — |
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Net income available to common shareholders | | $ | 7,042 |
| | $ | 5,727 |
| | $ | 15,299 |
| | $ | 6,095 |
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| | | | | | | | |
Net income available per common share—basic and diluted | | $ | 0.21 |
| | $ | 0.18 |
| | $ | 0.47 |
| | $ | 0.21 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2012 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2011 |
Net income | | $ | 9,033 |
| | $ | 5,727 |
| | $ | 17,290 |
| | $ | 6,095 |
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Other comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized losses on cash flow hedge instruments | | (231 | ) | | (1,653 | ) | | (671 | ) | | (1,653 | ) |
Reclassification of unrealized losses on cash flow hedge instruments | | 255 |
| | 236 |
| | 725 |
| | 236 |
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Comprehensive income | | $ | 9,057 |
| | $ | 4,310 |
| | $ | 17,344 |
| | $ | 4,678 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)
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| | Preferred Shares | | Common Shares | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Cumulative Dividends in Excess of Net Income | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | | | | Total |
Balances at December 31, 2011 | | — |
| | $ | — |
| | 32,161,620 |
| | $ | 322 |
| | $ | 543,861 |
| | $ | (22,924 | ) | | $ | (1,130 | ) | | $ | 520,129 |
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Sale of common shares, net of underwriting fees and offering costs | | — |
| | — |
| | 7,475,000 |
| | 75 |
| | 132,525 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 132,600 |
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Sale of preferred shares, net of underwriting fees and offering costs | | 5,000,000 |
| | 50 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 120,531 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 120,581 |
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Repurchase of common shares | | — |
| | — |
| | (36,008 | ) | | (1 | ) | | (620 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (621 | ) |
Issuance of restricted common shares | | — |
| | — |
| | 6,500 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
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Issuance of unrestricted common shares | | — |
| | — |
| | 3,281 |
| | — |
| | 60 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 60 |
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Amortization of deferred compensation | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 2,288 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 2,288 |
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Declaration of dividends on common shares | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (22,851 | ) | | — |
| | (22,851 | ) |
Declaration of dividends on preferred shares | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (2,368 | ) | | — |
| | (2,368 | ) |
Net income | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 17,290 |
| | — |
| | 17,290 |
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Other comprehensive income | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 54 |
| | 54 |
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Balances at September 30, 2012 | | 5,000,000 |
| | $ | 50 |
| | 39,610,393 |
| | $ | 396 |
| | $ | 798,645 |
| | $ | (30,853 | ) | | $ | (1,076 | ) | | $ | 767,162 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2012 | | 2011 |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 17,290 |
| | $ | 6,095 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 20,422 |
| | 12,070 |
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Air rights contract amortization | | 390 |
| | 390 |
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Ground lease asset amortization | | 60 |
| | — |
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Deferred financing costs amortization | | 1,488 |
| | 1,711 |
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Premium on mortgage loan amortization | | (158 | ) | | (53 | ) |
Unfavorable contract liability amortization | | (294 | ) | | — |
|
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | | — |
| | 208 |
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Share-based compensation | | 2,348 |
| | 2,286 |
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Changes in assets and liabilities: | | | | |
Accounts receivable, net | | (7,177 | ) | | (2,802 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | (345 | ) | | (1,386 | ) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | 10,057 |
| | 6,596 |
|
Other liabilities | | 19 |
| | (9 | ) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | 44,100 |
| | 25,106 |
|
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | |
Acquisition of hotels, net of cash acquired | | (184,702 | ) | | (308,616 | ) |
Deposits on hotel acquisitions | | (2,000 | ) | | (7,000 | ) |
Improvements and additions to hotels | | (17,530 | ) | | (1,473 | ) |
Investment in hotel construction loan | | (6,478 | ) | | — |
|
Change in restricted cash | | (5,160 | ) | | (7,877 | ) |
Net cash used in investing activities | | (215,870 | ) | | (324,966 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | |
Proceeds from sale of common shares, net of underwriting fees | | 132,756 |
| | 230,291 |
|
Proceeds from sale of preferred shares, net of underwriting fees | | 121,062 |
| | — |
|
Payment of offering costs related to sale of common and preferred shares | | (637 | ) | | (481 | ) |
Net borrowings (repayments) under revolving credit facility | | (145,000 | ) | | 55,000 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of mortgage debt | | 95,000 |
| | 225,000 |
|
Principal prepayment of mortgage debt | | — |
| | (60,000 | ) |
Scheduled principal payments on mortgage debt | | (1,545 | ) | | (295 | ) |
Payment of deferred financing costs | | (1,838 | ) | | (3,037 | ) |
Purchase of interest rate cap | | — |
| | (262 | ) |
Payment of dividends to common shareholders | | (20,529 | ) | | (16,516 | ) |
Repurchase of common shares | | (621 | ) | | (209 | ) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | 178,648 |
| | 429,491 |
|
Net increase in cash | | 6,878 |
| | 129,631 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | 20,960 |
| | 10,551 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 27,838 |
| | $ | 140,182 |
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | 14,005 |
| | $ | 5,454 |
|
Cash paid for income taxes | | $ | 471 |
| | $ | 5 |
|
Assumption of mortgage debt related to hotel acquisition | | $ | — |
| | $ | 38,622 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
1. Organization and Description of Business
Chesapeake Lodging Trust (the “Trust”) is a self-advised real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that was organized in the state of Maryland in June 2009. The Trust is focused on investments primarily in upper-upscale hotels in major business and convention markets and, on a selective basis, premium select-service hotels in urban settings or unique locations in the United States of America (“U.S.”). The Trust completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) on January 27, 2010. As of September 30, 2012, the Trust owned 14 hotels with an aggregate of 4,500 rooms in six states and the District of Columbia.
Substantially all of the Trust’s assets are held by, and all of its operations are conducted through, Chesapeake Lodging, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, which is wholly owned by the Trust (the “Operating Partnership”). For the Trust to qualify as a REIT, it cannot operate hotels. Therefore, the Operating Partnership leases its hotels to CHSP TRS LLC (“CHSP TRS”), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership. CHSP TRS then engages hotel management companies to operate the hotels pursuant to management agreements. CHSP TRS is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation—The interim consolidated financial statements presented herein include all of the accounts of Chesapeake Lodging Trust and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations or retained earnings.
The information in these interim consolidated financial statements is unaudited but, in the opinion of management, reflects all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods covered. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature unless disclosed otherwise. These interim consolidated financial statements, including notes, have been prepared in accordance with the applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Trust’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
Cash and Cash Equivalents—The Trust considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash—Restricted cash includes reserves held in escrow for normal replacements of furniture, fixtures and equipment (“FF&E”), property improvement plans (each, a “PIP”), real estate taxes, and insurance pursuant to certain requirements in the Trust’s hotel management, franchise, and loan agreements.
Investments in Hotels—The Trust allocates the purchase prices of hotels acquired based on the fair value of the property, FF&E, and identifiable intangible assets acquired and the fair value of the liabilities assumed. In making estimates of fair value for purposes of allocating the purchase price, the Trust utilizes a number of sources of information that are obtained in connection with the acquisition of a hotel, including valuations performed by independent third parties and cost segregation studies. The Trust also considers information obtained about each hotel as a result of its pre-acquisition due diligence in estimating the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired. Hotel acquisition costs, such as transfer taxes, title insurance, environmental and property condition reviews, and legal and accounting fees, are expensed in the period incurred.
Property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally 15 to 40 years for buildings and building improvements and three to ten years for FF&E. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the useful lives of the related assets. Replacements and improvements at the hotels are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Upon the sale or retirement of property and equipment, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the Trust’s accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
Intangible assets and liabilities are recorded on non-market contracts, including air rights, lease, management, and franchise agreements, assumed as part of the acquisition of certain hotels. Above-market and below-market contract values are based on the present value of the difference between contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the contracts assumed and the Trust’s estimate of the fair market contract rates for corresponding contracts measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the contracts assumed. No value is allocated to market contracts. Intangible assets and liabilities are amortized using the straight-line method over the remaining non-cancelable term of the related contracts.
The Trust reviews its hotels for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values of the hotels may not be recoverable. Events or circumstances that may cause a review include, but are not limited to, adverse changes in the demand for lodging at the hotels due to declining national or local economic conditions and/or new hotel construction in markets where the hotels are located. When such conditions exist, management performs an analysis to determine if the estimated undiscounted future cash flows from operations and the proceeds from the ultimate disposition of a hotel exceed its carrying value. If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, an adjustment to reduce the carrying amount to the related hotel’s estimated fair market value is recorded and an impairment loss is recognized. No impairment losses have been recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
The Trust classifies a hotel as held for sale in the period in which it has made the decision to dispose of the hotel, a binding agreement to purchase the property has been signed under which the buyer has committed a significant amount of nonrefundable cash, and no significant financing contingencies exist which could cause the transaction not to be completed in a timely manner. If these criteria are met, depreciation and amortization of the hotel will cease and an impairment loss will be recognized if the fair value of the hotel, less the costs to sell, is lower than the carrying amount of the hotel. The Trust will classify the loss, together with the related operating results, as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations and classify the assets and related liabilities as held for sale in the consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2012, the Trust had no assets held for sale or liabilities related to assets held for sale.
Revenue Recognition—Revenues from operations of the hotels are recognized when the services are provided. Revenues consist of room sales, food and beverage sales, and other hotel department revenues, such as parking, marina, telephone, and gift shop sales.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets—Prepaid expenses and other assets consist of prepaid real estate taxes, prepaid insurance, deposits on hotel acquisitions, deferred franchise costs, loan receivables, inventories, and other assets.
Deferred Financing Costs—Deferred financing costs are recorded at cost and consist of loan fees and other costs incurred in issuing debt. Amortization of deferred financing costs is computed using a method that approximates the effective interest method over the term of the related debt and is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
Derivative Instruments—The Trust is a party to interest rate swaps and an interest rate cap, which are considered derivative instruments, in order to manage its interest rate exposure. The Trust’s interest rate risk management objective is to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows. The Trust records these derivative instruments at fair value as either assets or liabilities and has designated them as cash flow hedging instruments at inception. The Trust evaluates the hedge effectiveness of the designated cash flow hedging instruments on a quarterly basis and records the effective portion of the change in the fair value of the cash flow hedging instruments as other comprehensive income (loss). Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to cash flow hedging instruments are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the variable-rate debt being hedged. The Trust does not enter into derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes and monitors the financial stability and credit standing of its counterparties.
Fair Value Measurements— The Trust accounts for certain assets and liabilities at fair value. In evaluating the fair value of both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities, GAAP outlines a valuation framework and creates a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market data (unobservable inputs). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 – Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date. An active market is defined as a market in which transactions occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 – Inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active (markets with few transactions), inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates, yield curves), and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data correlation or other means.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the pricing of an asset or liability when observable inputs are not available or when there is minimal, if any, market activity for an identical or similar asset or liability at the measurement date.
Income Taxes—The Trust has elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code. As a REIT, the Trust generally will not be subject to federal income tax on that portion of its net income (loss) that does not relate to CHSP TRS, the Trust’s wholly owned taxable REIT subsidiary, and that is currently distributed to its shareholders. CHSP TRS, which leases the Trust’s hotels from the Operating Partnership, is subject to federal and state income taxes.
The Trust accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Valuation allowances are provided if based upon the weight of the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Share-Based Compensation—From time-to-time, the Trust grants restricted share awards to employees and trustees. To-date, the Trust has granted two types of restricted share awards: (1) awards that vest solely on continued employment or service (time-based awards) and (2) awards that vest based on the Trust achieving specified levels of relative total shareholder return and continued employment (performance-based awards). The Trust measures share-based compensation expense for the restricted share awards based on the fair value of the awards on the date of grant. The fair value of time-based awards is determined based on the closing price of the Trust’s common shares on the measurement date, which is generally the date of grant. The fair value of performance-based awards is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. For time-based awards, share-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the entire award. For performance-based awards, share-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period for each award. No share-based compensation expense is recognized for awards for which employees or trustees do not render the requisite service.
Earnings Per Share—Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders, adjusted for dividends declared on and undistributed earnings allocated to unvested time-based awards, by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders, adjusted for dividends declared on and undistributed earnings allocated to unvested time-based awards, by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, plus potentially dilutive securities, such as unvested performance-based awards, during the period. The Trust’s unvested time-based awards are entitled to receive non-forfeitable dividends, if declared. Therefore, unvested time-based awards qualify as participating securities, requiring the allocation of dividends and undistributed earnings under the two-class method to calculate basic earnings per share. The percentage of undistributed earnings allocated to the unvested time-based awards is based on the proportion of the weighted-average unvested time-based awards outstanding during the period to the total of the weighted-average common shares and unvested time-based awards outstanding during the period. No adjustment is made for shares that are anti-dilutive during the period.
Segment Information—The Trust has determined that its business is conducted in one reportable segment, hotel ownership.
Use of Estimates—The preparation of the interim consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the interim consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements—In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued updated accounting guidance that amends the accounting standard on fair value measurements. The new accounting guidance provides for a consistent definition and measurement of fair value, as well as similar disclosure requirements between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. The new accounting guidance changes certain fair value measurement principles, clarifies the application of existing fair value measurement, and expands the fair value measurement disclosure requirements, particularly for Level 3 fair value measurements. The new accounting guidance is to be applied prospectively and is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Trust adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2012. The Trust does not believe that the adoption of this guidance has a material impact on the interim consolidated financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance which requires the presentation of components of other comprehensive income with the components of net income in either (1) a continuous statement of comprehensive income that contains two sections, net income and other comprehensive income, or (2) two separate but consecutive statements. The new accounting guidance eliminates the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity, and is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Trust adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2012. The Trust does not believe that the adoption of this guidance has a material impact on the interim consolidated financial statements.
3. Acquisition of Hotels
The Trust has acquired the following hotels since its IPO and through September 30, 2012 (in thousands, except rooms data):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Hotel | | Location | | Rooms | | Net Assets Acquired | | Acquisition Date |
2010 Acquisitions: | | | | | | | | |
Hyatt Regency Boston | | Boston, MA | | 502 |
| | $ | 113,145 |
| | March 18, 2010 |
Hilton Checkers Los Angeles | | Los Angeles, CA | | 188 |
| | 45,951 |
| | June 1, 2010 |
Courtyard Anaheim at Disneyland Resort | | Anaheim, CA | | 153 |
| | 25,083 |
| | July 30, 2010 |
Boston Marriott Newton | | Newton, MA | | 430 |
| | 77,223 |
| | July 30, 2010 |
Le Meridien San Francisco | | San Francisco, CA | | 360 |
| | 142,980 |
| | December 15, 2010 |
| | | | 1,633 |
| | 404,382 |
| | |
2011 Acquisitions: | | | | | | | | |
Homewood Suites Seattle Convention Center | | Seattle, WA | | 195 |
| | 53,005 |
| | May 2, 2011 |
W Chicago – City Center | | Chicago, IL | | 403 |
| | 127,546 |
| | May 10, 2011 |
Hotel Indigo San Diego Gaslamp Quarter | | San Diego, CA | | 210 |
| | 55,309 |
| | June 17, 2011 |
Courtyard Washington Capitol Hill/Navy Yard(1) | | Washington, DC | | 204 |
| | 32,783 |
| | June 30, 2011 |
Hotel Adagio | | San Francisco, CA | | 171 |
| | 42,380 |
| | July 8, 2011 |
Denver Marriott City Center | | Denver, CO | | 613 |
| | 122,420 |
| | October 3, 2011 |
Holiday Inn New York City Midtown - 31st Street | | New York, NY | | 122 |
| | 52,599 |
| | December 22, 2011 |
| | | | 1,918 |
| | 486,042 |
| | |
2012 Acquisitions: | | | | | | | | |
W Chicago – Lakeshore | | Chicago, IL | | 520 |
| | 124,920 |
| | August 21, 2012 |
Hyatt Regency Mission Bay Spa and Marina(2) | | San Diego, CA | | 429 |
| | 59,900 |
| | September 7, 2012 |
| | | | 949 |
| | 184,820 |
| | |
| | | | 4,500 |
| | $ | 1,075,244 |
| | |
| |
(1) | As part of the acquisition, the Trust assumed a mortgage loan with a fair value of $38.6 million. |
| |
(2) | As part of the acquisition, the Trust assumed a ground lease with the City of San Diego, which has approximately 43 years remaining. See Note 10, "Commitments and Contingencies," for additional information relating to the lease agreement. |
The allocation of the purchase prices to the acquired assets and liabilities based on their fair values was as follows (in thousands):
|
| | | | |
| | 2012 Acquisitions |
Land and land improvements | | $ | 40,000 |
|
Buildings and leasehold improvements | | 138,433 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | | 9,170 |
|
Cash | | 118 |
|
Restricted cash | | 1,375 |
|
Accounts receivable, net | | 1,552 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | 969 |
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | (6,669 | ) |
Other liabilities | | (128 | ) |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 184,820 |
|
The following financial information presents the pro forma results of operations of the Trust for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 as if all acquisitions during 2011 and 2012 had taken place on January 1, 2011. The pro forma results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 have been prepared for comparative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of the results of operations that would have actually occurred had all transactions taken place on January 1, 2011, or of future results of operations (in thousands, except per share data).
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2012 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2011 |
Total revenue | | $ | 92,259 |
| | $ | 84,403 |
| | $ | 246,962 |
| | $ | 225,656 |
|
Total hotel operating expenses | | 59,912 |
| | 56,491 |
| | 170,583 |
| | 160,456 |
|
Total operating expenses | | 71,086 |
| | 66,853 |
| | 203,324 |
| | 190,812 |
|
Operating income | | 21,173 |
| | 17,550 |
| | 43,638 |
| | 34,844 |
|
Net income available to common shareholders | | 12,223 |
| | 7,485 |
| | 17,925 |
| | 5,765 |
|
Net income available per common share - basic and diluted | | $ | 0.37 |
| | $ | 0.23 |
| | $ | 0.55 |
| | $ | 0.18 |
|
4. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2012 | | December 31, 2011 |
Land and land improvements | | $ | 177,436 |
| | $ | 137,367 |
|
Buildings and leasehold improvements | | 851,652 |
| | 706,431 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | | 70,493 |
| | 57,018 |
|
Construction-in-progress | | 7,951 |
| | 1,583 |
|
| | 1,107,532 |
| | 902,399 |
|
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | | (43,597 | ) | | (23,175 | ) |
Property and equipment, net | | $ | 1,063,935 |
| | $ | 879,224 |
|
5. Intangible Assets and Liability
Intangible assets and liability as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2012 | | December 31, 2011 |
Intangible assets: | | | | |
Air rights contract | | $ | 36,105 |
| | $ | 36,105 |
|
Favorable ground leases | | 4,828 |
| | 4,828 |
|
| | 40,933 |
| | 40,933 |
|
Less: accumulated amortization | | (1,401 | ) | | (951 | ) |
Intangible assets, net | | $ | 39,532 |
| | $ | 39,982 |
|
| | | | |
Intangible liability: | | | | |
Unfavorable contract liability | | $ | 14,236 |
| | $ | 14,236 |
|
Less: accumulated amortization | | (392 | ) | | (98 | ) |
Intangible liability, net (included within other liabilities) | | $ | 13,844 |
| | $ | 14,138 |
|
6. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2012 | | December 31, 2011 |
Revolving credit facility | | $ | — |
| | $ | 145,000 |
|
Term loans | | 155,000 |
| | 130,000 |
|
Other mortgage loans | | 200,171 |
| | 131,716 |
|
| | 355,171 |
| | 406,716 |
|
Unamortized premium | | 862 |
| | 1,020 |
|
Long-term debt | | $ | 356,033 |
| | $ | 407,736 |
|
On October 14, 2011, the Trust entered into an amended credit agreement providing for a three-year secured revolving credit facility, maturing on October 14, 2014. The amended credit agreement provides for maximum borrowings of up to $200.0 million. The interest rate for borrowings under the revolving credit facility is LIBOR plus 2.75%—3.75% (the spread over LIBOR based on the Trust’s consolidated leverage ratio). As of September 30, 2012, the interest rate in effect for borrowings under the revolving credit facility was 3.50%. The amount that the Trust can borrow under the revolving credit facility is based on the value of the Trust’s hotels included in the borrowing base, as defined in the amended credit agreement. As of September 30, 2012, the revolving credit facility was secured by six hotels providing borrowing availability of $164.5 million, of which $164.5 million remained available. The amended credit agreement contains standard financial covenants, including certain leverage ratios, coverage ratios, and a minimum tangible net worth requirement. See Note 12, “Subsequent Events,” for additional information relating to a further amendment to the credit agreement subsequent to September 30, 2012.
On June 30, 2011, the Trust entered into a loan agreement to obtain a $95.0 million loan which matures in July 2016 and is secured by the Hyatt Regency Boston. The loan carries a fixed interest rate of 5.01% per annum, with principal and interest payments calculated based on a 30-year amortization. In addition, the loan agreement contains standard provisions that require the loan servicer to maintain escrow accounts for certain items, including the completion of a PIP and real estate taxes.
On June 30, 2011, in connection with the acquisition of the Courtyard Washington Capitol Hill/Navy Yard, the Trust assumed an existing loan agreement with an outstanding principal balance of $37.5 million. The loan matures in November 2016 and is secured by the Courtyard Washington Capitol Hill/Navy Yard. The loan carries a fixed interest rate of 5.90% per annum, with principal and interest payments calculated based on a 30-year amortization. Based on interest rates on similar types of debt instruments at the time of assumption, the Trust recorded the loan at its estimated fair value of $38.6 million, which included a premium on mortgage loan of $1.1 million. Amortization of premium on mortgage loan is computed using a method that approximates the effective interest method over the term of the loan agreement and is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. In addition, the loan agreement contains standard provisions that require the loan servicer to maintain escrow accounts for certain items, including normal replacements of FF&E, the completion of a PIP, and real estate taxes.
On July 8, 2011, the Trust entered into a loan agreement to obtain a $130.0 million term loan secured by the Le Meridien San Francisco and the W Chicago – City Center. The initial term of the loan matures in July 2014 and the Trust has two one-year extension options that may be exercised subject to certain conditions. The loan bears interest equal to LIBOR, plus 3.65%. Contemporaneous with the closing of the $130.0 million term loan, the Trust entered into an interest rate swap to effectively fix the interest rate on the term loan for the first two years of its term at 4.65% per annum. Under the terms of the interest rate swap, the Trust pays fixed interest of 1.00% per annum on a notional amount of $130.0 million and receives floating rate interest equal to the one-month LIBOR. The effective date of the interest rate swap is July 8, 2011 and it matures on July 1, 2013. The Trust also purchased an interest rate cap that effectively limits variable rate interest payments on the term loan when one-month LIBOR exceeds 5.00%. The notional amount of the interest rate cap is $130.0 million and equals the principal of the term loan being hedged. The effective date of the interest rate cap is July 1, 2013 and it matures on July 8, 2014, which correlates with the maturity date of the term loan.
On July 3, 2012, the Trust entered into a loan agreement to obtain a $60.0 million term loan. The initial term of the loan matures in July 2014 and the Trust has three one-year extension options that may be exercised subject to certain conditions. At the initial closing, $25.0 million was advanced by the lender and is secured by the Holiday Inn New York City Midtown - 31st Street. The remaining $35.0 million is expected to be advanced by the lender upon closing on the acquisition of the Hyatt Place New York Midtown South and satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions. Following the subsequent advance, the entire $60.0 million principal amount of the loan will be secured by both hotels. The loan bears interest equal to LIBOR, plus 3.25%. Contemporaneous with the closing of the term loan, the Trust entered into an interest rate swap to effectively fix the interest rate on the initial $25.0 million advance for the original two-year term at 3.75% per annum. Under the terms of the
interest rate swap, the Trust pays fixed interest of 0.50% per annum on a notional amount of $25.0 million and receives floating rate interest equal to the one-month LIBOR. The effective date of the interest rate swap is July 3, 2012 and it matures on July 3, 2014.
On July 27, 2012, the Trust entered into a loan agreement to obtain a $70.0 million loan. The loan is secured by the Denver Marriott City Center. The loan has a term of 30 years, but is callable by the lender after 10 years, and the Trust expects the lender to call the loan at that time. The loan carries a fixed interest rate of 4.90% per annum, with principal and interest payments based on a 30-year amortization.
As of September 30, 2012, the Trust was in compliance with all financial covenants under its borrowing arrangements. As of September 30, 2012, the Trust’s weighted-average interest rate on its long-term debt was 4.86%. Future scheduled principal payments of debt obligations (assuming no exercise of extension options) as of September 30, 2012 are as follows (in thousands):
|
| | | | |
Year | | Amounts |
2012 | | $ | 771 |
|
2013 | | 3,169 |
|
2014 | | 158,338 |
|
2015 | | 3,516 |
|
2016 | | 124,329 |
|
Thereafter | | 65,048 |
|
| | $ | 355,171 |
|
7. Earnings Per Share
The following is a reconciliation of the amounts used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except share and per share data):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended |
| | September 30, | | September 30, |
| | 2012 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2011 |
Numerator: | | | | | | | | |
Net income available to common shareholders | | $ | 7,042 |
| | $ | 5,727 |
| | $ | 15,299 |
| | $ | 6,095 |
|
Less: Dividends declared on unvested time-based awards | | (34 | ) | | (61 | ) | | (102 | ) | | (181 | ) |
Less: Undistributed earnings allocated to unvested time-based awards | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Net income available to common shareholders, excluding amounts attributable to unvested time-based awards | | $ | 7,008 |
| | $ | 5,666 |
| | $ | 15,197 |
| | $ | 5,914 |
|
Denominator: | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding—basic and diluted | | 32,971,594 |
| | 31,794,886 |
| | 32,254,777 |
| | 28,611,438 |
|
Net income available per common share—basic and diluted | | $ | 0.21 |
| | $ | 0.18 |
| | $ | 0.47 |
| | $ | 0.21 |
|
8. Shareholders’ Equity
Common Shares—The Trust is authorized to issue up to 400,000,000 common shares, $.01 par value per share. Each outstanding common share entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. Holders of the Trust’s common shares are entitled to receive distributions when authorized by the Trust’s board of trustees out of assets legally available for the payment of distributions.
On September 18, 2012, the Trust completed an underwritten public offering of 7,475,000 of its common shares, including 975,000 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise of their option to purchase additional shares. The Trust generated net proceeds of $132.6 million after deducting underwriting fees and offering costs.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Trust issued 3,281 unrestricted common shares and 6,500 restricted common shares to its trustees and employees and repurchased 36,008 common shares from employees to satisfy the minimum
statutory tax withholding requirements related to the vesting of their previously granted restricted common shares. As of September 30, 2012, the Trust had 39,610,393 common shares outstanding.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Trust paid or its board of trustees declared the following dividends to its common shareholders:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Record Date | | Payment Date | | Dividend Per Common Share |
Fourth Quarter 2011 | | December 31, 2011 | | January 13, 2012 | | $ | 0.20 |
|
First Quarter 2012 | | March 31, 2012 | | April 13, 2012 | | $ | 0.22 |
|
Second Quarter 2012 | | June 30, 2012 | | July 13, 2012 | | $ | 0.22 |
|
Third Quarter 2012 | | September 28, 2012 | | October 15, 2012 | | $ | 0.22 |
|
Preferred Shares—The Trust is authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 preferred shares, $.01 par value per share. The Trust’s board of trustees is required to set for each class or series of preferred shares the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications, and terms or conditions of redemption.
On July 17, 2012, the Trust completed an underwritten public offering of 5,000,000 shares of its 7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, including 600,000 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option. The Trust generated net proceeds of $120.6 million after deducting underwriting fees and offering costs. As of September 30, 2012, the Trust had 5,000,000 shares of its 7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares outstanding.
Holders of Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares are entitled to receive, when and as authorized by the Trust's board of trustees, out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends, cumulative cash dividends at the rate of 7.75% per annum of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference, equivalent to $1.9375 per annum per share. Dividends on the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares are cumulative from the date of original issuance and are payable quarterly in arrears on or about the 15th day of each of January, April, July and October. The Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares rank senior to the Trust's common shares with respect to the payment of dividends; the Trust will not declare or pay any dividends, or set aside any funds for the payment of dividends, on its common shares unless the Trust also has declared and either paid or set aside for payment the full cumulative dividends on the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Trust paid or its board of trustees declared the following dividends to its preferred shareholders:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Record Date | | Payment Date | | Dividend Per Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Share |
Third Quarter 2012 | | September 28, 2012 | | October 15, 2012 | | $ | 0.4736 |
|
The Trust cannot redeem the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares prior to July 17, 2017, except as described below and in certain limited circumstances related to the ownership limitation necessary to preserve the Trust's qualification as a REIT. On and after July 17, 2017, the Trust, at its option, can redeem the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, in whole or from time-to-time in part, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends. The holders of Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares have no voting rights except, in certain limited circumstances.
Upon the occurrence of a change of control, as defined in the articles supplementary designating the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, the result of which the Trust's common shares and the common securities of the acquiring or surviving entity are not listed or quoted on the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE Amex Equities or the NASDAQ Stock Market, or any successor exchanges, the Trust may, at its option, redeem the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares in whole or in part within 120 days following the change of control by paying $25.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends through the date of redemption. If the Trust does not exercise its right to redeem the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares upon a change of control, the holders of the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares have the right to convert some or all of their shares into a number of the Trust's common shares based on a defined formula subject to a share cap. The share cap on each Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Share is 2.9189 common shares.
Universal Shelf—In August 2012, the Trust filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 with the SEC, registering equity securities with a maximum aggregate offering price of up to $500.0 million. As of September 30, 2012, equity securities with a maximum aggregate offering price of $361.7 million remained available to issue under this Registration Statement.
9. Equity Plan
In January 2010, the Trust established the Chesapeake Lodging Trust Equity Plan (the “Plan”), which provides for the issuance of equity-based awards, including restricted shares, unrestricted shares, share options, share appreciation rights, and other awards based on the Trust’s common shares. Employees and trustees of the Trust and other persons that provide services to the Trust are eligible to participate in the Plan. The compensation committee of the board of trustees administers the Plan and determines the number of awards to be granted, the vesting period, and the exercise price, if any.
The Trust initially reserved 454,657 common shares for issuance under the Plan at its establishment. In May 2012, the Trust’s common shareholders approved an amendment to the Plan such that the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan was increased by 2,750,000. Shares that are issued under the Plan to any person pursuant to an award are counted against this limit as one share for every one share granted. If any shares covered by an award are not purchased or are forfeited, if an award is settled in cash, or if an award otherwise terminates without delivery of any shares, then the number of common shares counted against the aggregate number of shares available under the Plan with respect to the award will, to the extent of any such forfeiture or termination, again be available for making awards under the Plan. As of September 30, 2012, subject to increases that may result in the case of any future forfeiture or termination of currently outstanding awards, 2,750,353 common shares were reserved and available for future issuances under the Plan.
The Trust will make appropriate adjustments in outstanding awards and the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan, including the individual limitations on awards, to reflect share dividends, share splits, spin-offs and other similar events. While the compensation committee can terminate or amend the Plan at any time, no amendment can adversely impair the rights of grantees with respect to outstanding awards. In addition, an amendment will be contingent on approval of the Trust’s common shareholders to the extent required by law or if the amendment would materially increase the benefits accruing to participants under the Plan, materially increase the aggregate number of shares that can be issued under the Plan, or materially modify the requirements as to eligibility for participation in the Plan. Unless terminated earlier, the Plan will terminate in January 2020, but will continue to govern unexpired awards.
As of September 30, 2012, there was approximately $1.0 million of unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to restricted common shares. The unrecognized share-based compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of four months. The following is a summary of the Trust’s restricted common shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2012:
|
| | | | | | | |
| | Number of Shares | | Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value |
Restricted common shares as of December 31, 2011 | | 366,734 |
| | $ | 17.75 |
|
Granted | | 6,500 |
| | $ | 18.11 |
|
Vested | | (154,181 | ) | | $ | 18.66 |
|
Forfeited | | — |
| | $ | — |
|
Restricted common shares as of September 30, 2012 | | 219,053 |
| | $ | 17.13 |
|
10. Commitments and Contingencies
Management Agreements—The Trust’s hotels operate pursuant to management agreements with various third-party management companies. Each management company receives a base management fee generally between 1% and 4% of hotel revenues. The management companies are also eligible to receive an incentive management fee if hotel operating income, as defined in the management agreements, exceeds certain performance thresholds. The incentive management fee is generally calculated as a percentage of hotel operating income after the Trust has received a priority return on its investment in the hotel.
Franchise Agreements—As of September 30, 2012, seven of the Trust’s hotels operated pursuant to franchise agreements with international hotel companies, six hotels operated pursuant to management agreements that allowed them to operate under their respective brands, and one hotel operated as an independent hotel. Under the seven franchise agreements, the Trust generally pays a royalty fee ranging from 3% to 6% of room revenues and up to 3% of food and beverage revenues, plus additional fees for marketing, central reservation systems, and other franchisor costs that amount to between 1% and 5% of room revenues.
Ground Lease Agreement—The Trust leases the land underlying the Hyatt Regency Mission Bay Spa and Marina pursuant to a lease agreement with the City of San Diego, California. The lease term ends in January 2056 with approximately 43 years remaining. Rent due under the lease agreement is the greater of base rent or percentage rent. Base rent is currently $2.0
million per year. Base rent resets every three years over the remaining term of the lease to 75% of the average of the actual rent paid over the two years preceding the base rent reset year. The next base rent reset year is 2013. Annual percentage rent is calculated based on various percentages of the hotel's various sources of revenue, including room, food and beverage, and marina rentals, earned during the period.
Purchase and Sale Agreement—As of September 30, 2012, the Trust had the 185-room Hyatt Place New York Midtown South, currently under development, under contract for a purchase price of $76.2 million, plus customary pro-rated amounts and closing costs. The Trust expects to fund the purchase price with available cash and cash equivalents and by borrowing under its revolving credit facility. The Trust has a deposit of $0.7 million under the purchase and sale agreement, which is non-refundable except (1) in the event of a default under the purchase and sale agreement by the seller or (2) as expressly otherwise provided by the purchase and sale agreement. The Trust has also provided a loan to the seller in the amount of $7.8 million, the proceeds of which will be used toward completing construction of the hotel. As of September 30, 2012, the Trust had $6.5 million outstanding under the hotel construction loan. The loan bears interest at 6.0% per annum and is secured by a second mortgage lien on the hotel. The loan matures at the earlier of the closing on the hotel acquisition or December 31, 2012, but may be extended under certain circumstances as set forth in the loan agreement. Given the acquisition is subject to completion of the hotel by the third-party developer and customary closing conditions, the Trust can give no assurance that the acquisition will be consummated. Failure to complete this acquisition could subject the Trust to risks relating to the recovery of the amount of the hotel construction financing it has provided, and cause the Trust to incur costs in its efforts to make such recoveries.
FF&E Reserves—Pursuant to its management, franchise and loan agreements, the Trust is required to establish a FF&E reserve for each hotel to cover the cost of replacing FF&E. Contributions to the FF&E reserve are based on a percentage of gross revenues at each hotel. The Trust is generally required to contribute between 3% and 5% of gross revenues over the term of the agreements.
Litigation—The Trust is not involved in any material litigation nor, to its knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against the Trust.
11. Fair Value Measurements and Derivative Instruments
The following table sets forth the Trust’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands). Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fair Value at September 30, 2012 |
Total | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Interest rate cap (included within prepaid expenses and other assets) | | $ | 16 |
| | — |
| | $ | 16 |
| | — |
|
| | $ | 16 |
| | — |
| | $ | 16 |
| | — |
|
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Interest rate swaps (included within other liabilities) | | $ | 830 |
| | — |
| | $ | 830 |
| | — |
|
| | $ | 830 |
| | — |
| | $ | 830 |
| | — |
|
Derivative instruments are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as they are valued using third-party pricing models which contain inputs that are derived from observable market data. Where possible, the values produced by the pricing models are verified to market prices. Valuation models require a variety of inputs, including contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, credit spreads, measure of volatility, and correlations of such inputs.
The Trust’s financial instruments in addition to those disclosed in the table above include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, loan receivables and long-term debt. The carrying values reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value. The Trust estimates the fair value of its fixed rate debt by discounting the future cash flows of each instrument using estimated market rates of debt instruments with similar maturities and credit profiles. These inputs are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. As of September 30, 2012, the carrying values reported in the consolidated balance sheet for its loan receivable and long-term debt approximated their fair values.
12. Subsequent Events
On October 25, 2012, the Trust further amended its credit agreement by (1) increasing the maximum size of the secured revolving credit facility, (2) lowering the interest rate spread over LIBOR charged on outstanding borrowings, and (3) extending the initial term. The amended credit agreement increases the maximum amount the Trust may borrow under the secured revolving credit facility from $200.0 million to $250.0 million, and also provides for the possibility of further future increases, up to a maximum of $375.0 million, in accordance with the terms of the amended credit agreement. The actual amount that the Trust can borrow under the secured revolving credit facility continues to be based on the value of the Trust's hotels included in the borrowing base, as defined in the amended credit agreement. The interest rate spread over LIBOR for borrowings under the secured revolving credit facility was reduced by 100 basis points to LIBOR, plus 1.75% - 2.75% (the spread over LIBOR based on the Trust's consolidated leverage ratio). The initial term of the amended credit agreement will now expire in April 2016, but the term may be extended for one year subject to satisfaction of certain customary conditions. The amended credit agreement effected no other significant changes to the financial covenants, including the leverage and coverage ratios and minimum tangible net worth requirement, or other business terms of the secured revolving credit facility, as compared to those in effect prior to the amendment.
On October 30, 2012, the Trust acquired the 222-room The Hotel Minneapolis located in Minneapolis, Minnesota for approximately $46.3 million, including acquired working capital. The Trust funded the acquisition with a borrowing under its revolving credit facility.
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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and as such may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identified by our use of words, such as “intend,” “plan,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “project,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “continue,” “potential,” “opportunity,” and similar expressions, whether in the negative or affirmative. We cannot guarantee that we actually will achieve these plans, intentions or expectations. All statements regarding our expected financial position, business and financing plans are forward-looking statements. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects include, but are not limited to:
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• | U.S. economic conditions generally and the real estate market and the lodging industry specifically; |
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• | management and performance of our hotels; |
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• | our plans for renovation of our hotels; |
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• | our financing plans and the terms on which capital is available to us; |
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• | supply and demand for hotel rooms in our current and proposed market areas; |
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• | our ability to acquire additional hotels and the risk that potential acquisitions may not be completed or perform in accordance with expectations; |
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• | legislative/regulatory changes, including changes to laws governing taxation of real estate investment trusts; and |
These risks and uncertainties, together with the information contained in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 under the caption “Risk Factors,” should be considered in evaluating any forward-looking statement contained in this report or incorporated by reference herein. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report or, in the case of any document incorporated by reference, the date of that document. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are qualified by the cautionary statements in this section. We undertake no obligation to update or publicly release any revisions to forward-looking statements to reflect events, circumstances or changes in expectations after the date of this report, except as required by law.
Overview
We were organized as a self-advised REIT with a focus on investments primarily in upper-upscale hotels in major business and convention markets and, on a selective basis, premium select-service hotels in urban settings or unique locations in the U.S. We completed our IPO in January 2010 and have since acquired or committed to acquire the following 16 hotels:
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| | | | | | | |
Hotel | | Location | | Rooms | | Acquisition Date |
Hyatt Regency Boston | | Boston, MA | | 502 |
| | March 18, 2010 |
Hilton Checkers Los Angeles | | Los Angeles, CA | | 188 |
| | June 1, 2010 |
Courtyard Anaheim at Disneyland Resort | | Anaheim, CA | | 153 |
| | July 30, 2010 |
Boston Marriott Newton | | Newton, MA | | 430 |
| | July 30, 2010 |
Le Meridien San Francisco | | San Francisco, CA | | 360 |
| | December 15, 2010 |
Homewood Suites Seattle Convention Center | | Seattle, WA | | 195 |
| | May 2, 2011 |
W Chicago - City Center | | Chicago, IL | | 403 |
| | May 10, 2011 |
Hotel Indigo San Diego Gaslamp Quarter | | San Diego, CA | | 210 |
| | June 17, 2011 |
Courtyard Washington Capitol Hill/Navy Yard | | Washington, DC | | 204 |
| | June 30, 2011 |
Hotel Adagio | | San Francisco, CA | | 171 |
| | July 8, 2011 |
Denver Marriott City Center | | Denver, CO | | 613 |
| | October 3, 2011 |
Holiday Inn New York City Midtown – 31st Street | | New York, NY | | 122 |
| | December 22, 2011 |
W Chicago - Lakeshore | | Chicago, IL | | 520 |
| | August 21, 2012 |
Hyatt Regency Mission Bay Spa and Marina | | San Diego, CA | | 429 |
| | September 7, 2012 |
The Hotel Minneapolis | | Minneapolis, MN | | 222 |
| | October 30, 2012 |
Hyatt Place New York Midtown South | | New York, NY | | 185 |
| | Under contract |
| | | | 4,907 |
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Hotel Operating Metrics
We believe that the results of operations of our hotels are best explained by three key performance indicators: occupancy, average daily rate (“ADR”) and revenue per available room (“RevPAR”), which is room revenue divided by total number of available rooms. RevPAR does not include food and beverage revenues or other ancillary revenues, such as parking, telephone or other guest services provided by the hotel.
Occupancy is a major driver of room revenue, as well as other revenue categories, such as food and beverage and parking. ADR helps to drive room revenue as well; however, it does not have a direct effect on other revenue categories. Fluctuations in occupancy are accompanied by fluctuations in most categories of variable operating costs, such as utility costs and certain labor costs such as housekeeping, resulting in varying levels of hotel profitability. Increases in ADR typically result in higher hotel profitability since variable hotel expenses generally do not increase correspondingly. Thus, increases in RevPAR attributable to increases in occupancy are accompanied by increases in most categories of variable operating costs, while increases in RevPAR attributable to increases in ADR are accompanied by increases in limited categories of operating costs, such as management fees and franchise fees.
Executive Summary
Our hotel portfolio continued its strong performance during the third quarter. We also remained active in growing our hotel portfolio during the quarter and through the date of this report by acquiring three high-quality hotels located in major markets with high barriers-to-entry for an aggregate purchase price of $234.0 million. We funded these acquisitions by raising approximately $253.2 million from preferred and common share offerings during the quarter. In addition, we were able to take advantage of the attractive interest rate environment and extend debt maturities by closing on $95.0 million of secured financings and amending our revolving credit facility.
Our hotel portfolio significantly outperformed the overall U.S. lodging industry in RevPAR during the quarter. We believe our outperformance was a result of our intense asset management and because our hotels are located in major markets, and specifically, in several of the strongest performing markets in the U.S., including Boston, San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego. Occupancy at our hotels is primarily driven by business transient customers, from which segment we continue to see strong demand for rooms. Because occupancy at our hotels were at high levels (85.4% during the third quarter), our hotel operators were able to exercise pricing power and aggressively increase ADR, and as a result, also significantly increase hotel profitability.
During the third quarter, we completed the renovation and repositioning of the Hotel Adagio. In October 2012, we completed the addition of 35 rooms to the top two vacant floors of the W Chicago – City Center. We also recently completed certain capital projects at the Hyatt Regency Boston and the Hotel Indigo San Diego Gaslamp Quarter. We are in the process of completing, or planning to complete in the future, certain capital projects at various other hotels, including a comprehensive renovation of the W Chicago – Lakeshore expected to commence in the fourth quarter 2013. We will continue to evaluate and invest in select return-on-investment projects.
We expect positive operating trends for our hotel portfolio to continue through the remainder of 2012 and in 2013 as a result of favorable hotel supply and demand fundamentals in our geographic markets combined with the completion of our return-on-investment projects. Operating trends may be affected, however, in the near term by general uncertainty surrounding U.S. fiscal policy and travel disruption as a result of Hurricane Sandy.
Results of Operations
Comparison of three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011
Results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2012 include the operating activity of 12 hotels for the full quarter and two hotels for part of the quarter, whereas the results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2011 include the operating activity of nine hotels for the full quarter and one hotel for part of the quarter. As a result, comparisons of results of operations between the periods are not meaningful.
Revenues – Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $75.9 million and $51.8 million, respectively. Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 included rooms revenue of $58.6 million, food and beverage revenue of $14.5 million, and other revenue of $2.7 million. Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2011 included rooms revenue of $40.6 million, food and beverage revenue of $9.3 million, and other revenue of $1.9 million.
For the three months ended September 30, 2012, RevPAR for our hotel portfolio was $167.31, driven by occupancy of 85.4% and ADR of $195.85.
Hotel operating expenses – Hotel operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $48.0 million and $33.3 million, respectively. Direct hotel operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2012 included rooms expense of $12.6 million, food and beverage expense of $10.4 million, and other direct expenses of $1.4 million. Direct hotel operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2011 included rooms expense of $9.1 million, food and beverage expense of $7.3 million, and other direct expenses of $0.8 million. Indirect hotel operating expenses, which includes management and franchise fees, lease expense, real estate taxes, insurance, utilities, repairs and maintenance, advertising and sales, and general and administrative expenses, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $23.6 million and $16.1 million, respectively.
Depreciation and amortization – Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $7.2 million and $5.3 million, respectively. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was directly attributable to the increase in investment in hotels since September 30, 2011.
Air rights contract amortization – Air rights contract amortization expense associated with the Hyatt Regency Boston for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $0.1 million.
Corporate general and administrative – Total corporate general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $5.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively. Included in corporate general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $0.8 million of non-cash share-based compensation expense and $2.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of hotel acquisition costs. The increase in corporate general and administrative expense is primarily a result of an increase in hotel acquisition costs as a result of two hotel acquisitions occurring during the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to one hotel acquisition occurring during the three months ended September 30, 2011.
Interest income – Interest income on cash and cash equivalents and from loan receivables for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $74 thousand and $16 thousand, respectively.
Interest expense – Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $5.4 million and $4.1 million, respectively. The increase in interest expense is directly related to the increase in long-term debt outstanding.
Loss on early extinguishment of debt – Loss on early extinguishment of debt for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was $0.2 million. The loss on early extinguishment of debt was related to the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs associated with the prepayment of a previous $60.0 million term loan secured by the Le Meridien San Francisco during the period.
Income tax benefit (expense) – Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $0.7 million. Income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was $23 thousand. Income tax benefit (expense) is related to taxable losses (income) generated by our TRS during the periods.
Comparison of nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011
Results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 include the operating activity of 11 hotels for the full period and three hotels for part of the period, whereas the results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 include the operating activity of five hotels for the full period and five hotels for part of the period. As a result, comparisons of results of operations between the periods are not meaningful.
Revenues – Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $193.2 million and $116.1 million, respectively. Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 included rooms revenue of $148.4 million, food and beverage revenue of $38.3 million, and other revenue of $6.5 million. Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 included rooms revenue of $87.8 million, food and beverage revenue of $24.4 million, and other revenue of $3.9 million.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, RevPAR for our hotel portfolio was $151.49, driven by occupancy of 80.1% and ADR of $189.11.
Hotel operating expenses – Hotel operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $127.5 million and $77.8 million, respectively. Direct hotel operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 included rooms expense of $33.3 million, food and beverage expense of $27.8 million, and other direct expenses of $3.2 million. Direct hotel operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 included rooms expense of $20.5 million, food and beverage expense of $18.5 million, and other direct expenses of $1.9 million. Indirect hotel operating expenses, which includes management and franchise fees, lease expense, real estate taxes, insurance, utilities, repairs and maintenance, advertising and sales, and general and administrative expenses, for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $63.2 million and $36.9 million, respectively.
Depreciation and amortization – Depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $20.4 million and $12.1 million, respectively. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was directly attributable to the increase in investment in hotels since September 30, 2011.
Air rights contract amortization – Air rights contract amortization expense associated with the Hyatt Regency Boston for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $0.4 million.
Corporate general and administrative – Total corporate general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $11.5 million and $11.8 million, respectively. Included in corporate general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $2.3 million of non-cash share-based compensation expense and $2.9 million and $4.3 million, respectively, of hotel acquisition costs. The decrease in hotel acquisition costs is primarily a result of two hotel acquisitions occurring during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to five hotel acquisitions occurring during the nine months ended September 30, 2011.
Interest income – Interest income on cash and cash equivalents and loan receivables for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $0.1 million.
Interest expense – Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $15.6 million and $8.0 million, respectively. The increase in interest expense is directly related to the increase in long-term debt outstanding.
Loss on early extinguishment of debt - Loss on early extinguishment of debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was $0.2 million. The loss on early extinguishment of debt was related to the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs associated with the prepayment of a previous $60.0 million term loan secured by the Le Meridien San Francisco during the period.
Income tax benefit (expense) – Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $0.6 million. Income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was $0.2 million. Income tax benefit (expense) is related to taxable losses (income) generated by our TRS during the periods.
Pro forma hotel performance
We assess the operating performance of our hotels irrespective of the hotel owner during the periods compared. Included in the following table are comparisons, on a pro forma basis, of occupancy, ADR, RevPAR, Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. Adjusted Hotel EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP financial measures. For further information on the calculation of Adjusted Hotel EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin, why we believe they are useful, and the limitations on their use, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.
The pro forma operating metrics reflect the operating results of 10 of our 14 hotels owned as of September 30, 2012. The pro forma operating metrics do not include operating results for the Holiday Inn New York City Midtown – 31st Street, as the hotel opened for business on January 19, 2012, the Hotel Adagio, as the hotel was under renovation during the period, and the W Chicago - Lakeshore and the Hyatt Regency Mission Bay Spa and Marina, as both hotels were acquired during the period.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| 2012 | | 2011 | | Change | | 2012 | | 2011 | | Change |
Occupancy | 85.4 | % | | 84.3 | % | | 110 bps | | 80.6 | % | | 78.5 | % | | 210 bps |
ADR | $ | 193.04 |
| | $ | 179.47 |
| | 7.6% | | $ | 187.79 |
| | $ | 175.16 |
| | 7.2% |
RevPAR | $ | 164.85 |
| | $ | 151.38 |
| | 8.9% | | $ | 151.28 |
| | $ | 137.54 |
| | 10.0% |
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA(1) | $ | 23,192 |
| | $ | 20,378 |
| | 13.8% | | $ | 59,296 |
| | $ | 50,479 |
| | 17.5% |
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin | 37.2 | % | | 35.2 | % | | 200 bps | | 34.3 | % | | 31.7 | % | | 260 bps |
The increase in pro forma RevPAR for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011 was primarily driven by pro forma RevPAR increases at the Hyatt Regency Boston, the Boston Marriott Newton, the Le Meridien San Francisco, and the Hotel Indigo San Diego Gaslamp Quarter. The increases in pro forma RevPAR at the aforementioned hotels were primarily a result of our hotel managers aggressively increasing ADR during the three months ended September 30, 2012 as occupancy had reached stabilized levels. Offsetting the pro forma RevPAR increases at the above hotels were the Courtyard Anaheim at Disneyland Resort, the W Chicago – City Center, and the Denver Marriott City Center, all of which experienced an increase in pro forma RevPAR for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as
compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011 to a lesser extent than that of the comparable portfolio during the period.
The increase in pro forma RevPAR for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was primarily driven by pro forma RevPAR increases at the Hyatt Regency Boston, the Boston Marriott Newton, the Le Meridien San Francisco, the Homewood Suites Seattle Convention Center, and the Hotel Indigo San Diego Gaslamp Quarter. Offsetting the pro forma RevPAR increases at the aforementioned hotels were the Courtyard Washington Capitol Hill/Navy Yard, the Courtyard Anaheim at Disneyland Resort, the W Chicago - City Center, and the Denver Marriott City Center, all of which experienced an increase in pro forma RevPAR for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011 to a lesser extent than that of the comparable portfolio during the period.
The increase in pro forma Adjusted Hotel EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011 was primarily driven by pro forma Adjusted Hotel EBITDA increases at the Hyatt Regency Boston, the Boston Marriott Newton, the Le Meridien San Francisco, and the Hotel Indigo San Diego Gaslamp Quarter.
The increase in pro forma Adjusted Hotel EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was primarily driven by pro forma Adjusted Hotel EBITDA increases at the Hyatt Regency Boston, the Le Meridien San Francisco, and the Hotel Indigo San Diego Gaslamp Quarter.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Non-GAAP financial measures are measures of our historical financial performance that are different from measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. We report the following seven non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are useful to investors as key measures of our operating performance: (1) Funds from operations (FFO), (2) Adjusted FFO (AFFO), (3) Corporate EBITDA, (4) Adjusted Corporate EBITDA, (5) Hotel EBITDA, (6) Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, and (7) Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin.
FFO —We calculate FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (NAREIT), which defines FFO as net income (calculated in accordance with GAAP), excluding depreciation and amortization, gains (losses) from sales of real estate, the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, and adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since real estate values instead have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, most industry investors consider presentations of operating results for real estate companies that use historical cost accounting to be insufficient by themselves. By excluding the effect of depreciation and amortization and gains (losses) from sales of real estate, both of which are based on historical cost accounting and which may be of lesser significance in evaluating current performance, we believe that FFO provides investors a useful financial measure to evaluate our operating performance.
AFFO—We further adjust FFO for certain additional recurring and non-recurring items that are not in NAREIT’s definition of FFO. Specifically, we adjust for hotel acquisition costs and non-cash amortization of intangible assets and unfavorable contract liabilities. We believe that AFFO provides investors with another financial measure of our operating performance that provides for greater comparability of our core operating results between periods.
The following table reconciles net income available to common shareholders excluding amounts attributable to unvested time-based awards to FFO and AFFO available to common shareholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
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| Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| 2012 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2011 |
Net income available to common shareholders excluding amounts attributable to unvested time-based awards | $ | 7,008 |
| | $ | 5,666 |
| | $ | 15,197 |
| | $ | 5,914 |
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Add: Depreciation and amortization | 7,215 |
| | 5,319 |
| | 20,422 |
| | 12,070 |
|
FFO available to common shareholders | 14,223 |
| | 10,985 |
| | 35,619 |
| | 17,984 |
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Add: Hotel acquisition costs | 2,474 |
| | 353 |
| | 2,917 |
| | 4,270 |
|
Non-cash amortization(1) | 60 |
| | 138 |
| | 181 |
| | 409 |
|
AFFO available to common shareholders | $ | 16,757 |
| | $ | 11,476 |
| | $ | 38,717 |
| | $ | 22,663 |
|
FFO available per common share—basic and diluted | $ | 0.43 |
| | $ | 0.35 |
| | $ | 1.10 |
| | $ | 0.63 |
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AFFO available per common share—basic and diluted | $ | 0.51 |
| | $ | 0.36 |
| | $ | 1.20 |
| | $ | 0.79 |
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(1) | Includes non-cash amortization of ground lease asset, deferred franchise costs, unfavorable contract liability, and air rights contract. |
Corporate EBITDA—Corporate EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, income taxes, and depreciation and amortization. We believe that Corporate EBITDA provides investors a useful financial measure to evaluate our operating performance, excluding the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest expense) and our asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization).
Adjusted Corporate EBITDA—We further adjust Corporate EBITDA for certain additional recurring and non-recurring items. Specifically, we adjust for hotel property acquisition costs and non-cash amortization of intangible assets. We believe that Adjusted Corporate EBITDA provides investors with another financial measure of our operating performance that is more comparable between periods.
The following table reconciles net income to Corporate EBITDA and Adjusted Corporate EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| 2012 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2011 |
Net income | $ | 9,033 |
| | $ | 5,727 |
| | $ | 17,290 |
| | $ | 6,095 |
|
Add: Depreciation and amortization | 7,215 |
| | 5,319 |
| | 20,422 |
| | 12,070 |
|
Interest expense | 5,425 |
| | 4,103 |
| | 15,615 |
| | 8,005 |
|
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | — |
| | 208 |
| | — |
| | 208 |
|
Income tax expense (benefit) | 662 |
| | (23 | ) | | 552 |
| | (155 | ) |
Less: Interest income | (74 | ) | | (16 | ) | | (96 | ) | | (140 | ) |
Corporate EBITDA | 22,261 |
| | 15,318 |
| | 53,783 |
| | 26,083 |
|
Add: Hotel acquisition costs | 2,474 |
| | 353 |
| | 2,917 |
| | 4,270 |
|
Non-cash amortization(1) | 60 |
| | 138 |
| | 181 |
| | 409 |
|
Adjusted Corporate EBITDA | $ | 24,795 |
| | $ | 15,809 |
| | $ | 56,881 |
| | $ | 30,762 |
|
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(1) | Includes non-cash amortization of ground lease asset, deferred franchise costs, unfavorable contract liability, and air rights contract. |
Hotel EBITDA—Hotel EBITDA is defined as total revenues less total hotel operating expenses. We believe that Hotel EBITDA provides investors a useful financial measure to evaluate our hotel operating performance.
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA—We further adjust Hotel EBITDA for certain additional recurring and non-recurring items. Specifically, we adjust for non-cash amortization of intangible assets and unfavorable contract liabilities. We believe that Adjusted Hotel EBITDA provides investors with another useful financial measure to evaluate our hotel operating performance.
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin—Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin is defined as Adjusted Hotel EBITDA as a percentage of total revenues. We believe that Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin provides investors another useful measure to evaluate our hotel operating performance.
The following table calculates for the comparable 10-hotel portfolio pro forma Hotel EBITDA, Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| 2012 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2011 |
Total revenue | $ | 62,377 |
| | $ | 57,832 |
| | $ | 172,885 |
| | $ | 159,329 |
|
Less: Total hotel operating expenses | 39,116 |
| | 37,463 |
| | 113,380 |
| | 108,870 |
|
Hotel EBITDA | 23,261 |
| | 20,369 |
| | 59,505 |
| | 50,459 |
|
Less: Non-cash amortization(1) | (69 | ) | | 9 |
| | (209 | ) | | 20 |
|
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA | $ | 23,192 |
| | $ | 20,378 |
| | $ | 59,296 |
| | $ | 50,479 |
|
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA Margin | 37.2 | % | | 35.2 | % | | 34.3 | % | | 31.7 | % |
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(1) | Includes non-cash amortization of ground lease asset, deferred franchise costs, and unfavorable contract liability. |
None of FFO, AFFO, Corporate EBITDA Adjusted Corporate EBITDA, Hotel EBITDA, or Adjusted Hotel EBITDA represent cash generated from operating activities as determined by GAAP, nor shall any of these measures be considered as an alternative to GAAP net income (loss), as an indication of our financial performance, or to GAAP cash flow from operating activities, as a measure of liquidity. In addition, FFO, AFFO, Corporate EBITDA, Adjusted Corporate EBITDA, Hotel EBITDA, and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA are not indicative of funds available to fund cash needs, including the ability to make cash distributions.
Sources and Uses of Cash
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, net cash flows from operating activities were $44.1 million; net cash flows used in investing activities were $215.9 million, including $184.7 million for the acquisition of the W Chicago - Lakeshore and the Hyatt Regency Mission Bay Spa and Marina, $17.5 million for improvements and additions to our hotels and $6.5 million for investment in a hotel construction loan; and net cash flows provided by financing activities were $178.6 million, including $120.6 million of net proceeds from a preferred share offering, $132.6 million of net proceeds from a common offering and $95.0 million of proceeds from issuances of mortgage debt, offset by $145.0 million of net repayments under our revolving credit facility and $20.5 million in dividend payments to common shareholders. As of September 30, 2012, we had cash and cash equivalents of $27.8 million.
On January 13, 2012, we paid a dividend of $0.20 per share to common shareholders of record as of December 31, 2011. On April 13, 2012, we paid a dividend of $0.22 per share to common shareholders of record as of March 31, 2012. On July 13, 2012, we paid a dividend of $0.22 per share to common shareholders of record as of June 30, 2012. On October 15, 2012, we paid dividends of $0.22 per share to common shareholders and $0.4736 per share to preferred shareholders, both as of record of September 28, 2012.
We expect to continue declaring distributions to shareholders, as required to maintain our REIT status, although no assurances can be made that we will continue to generate sufficient income to distribute similar aggregate amounts in the future. The per share amounts of future distributions will depend on the number of our common and preferred shares outstanding from time-to-time and will be determined by our board of trustees following its periodic review of our financial performance and capital requirements, and the terms of our existing borrowing arrangements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We expect our primary source of cash to meet operating requirements, including payment of dividends in accordance with the REIT requirements of the U.S. federal income tax laws, payment of interest on any borrowings and funding of any capital expenditures, will be from our hotels’ operations and existing cash and cash equivalent balances. We currently expect that our operating cash flows will be sufficient to fund our continuing operations. We intend to incur indebtedness to supplement our investment capital and to maintain flexibility to respond to industry conditions and opportunities. We are targeting an overall debt level of 40-45% of the aggregate purchase prices of all of our portfolio hotels.
We expect to meet long-term liquidity requirements, including for new hotel acquisitions and scheduled debt maturities, through additional secured and unsecured borrowings and the issuance of equity securities. Our ability to raise funds through the issuance of equity securities depends on, among other things, general market conditions for hotel companies and REITs and market perceptions about us. We will continue to analyze alternate sources of capital in an effort to minimize our capital costs and maximize our financial flexibility.
On October 25, 2012, we further amended our credit agreement. The amended credit agreement increased the maximum amount we may borrow under our secured revolving credit facility from $200.0 million to $250.0 million, and also provides for the possibility of further future increases, up to a maximum of $375.0 million, in accordance with the terms of our amended credit agreement. The actual amount that we can borrow under our secured revolving credit facility continues to be based on the value of our hotels included in the borrowing base, as defined in our amended credit agreement. The interest rate spread over LIBOR for borrowings under our secured revolving credit facility was reduced by 100 basis points to LIBOR, plus 1.75% - 2.75% (the spread over LIBOR based on the our consolidated leverage ratio). The initial term of our amended credit agreement will now expire in April 2016, but the term may be extended for one year subject to satisfaction of certain customary conditions. Our amended credit agreement effected no other significant changes to the financial covenants, including the leverage and coverage ratios and minimum tangible net worth requirement, or other business terms of our secured revolving credit facility, as compared to those in effect prior to the amendment.
On October 30, 2012, we acquired the 222-room The Hotel Minneapolis located in Minneapolis, Minnesota for approximately $46.3 million. We funded the acquisition with a borrowing under our revolving credit facility.
As of the date of this filing, we have approximately $29.0 million of cash and cash equivalents, total borrowing availability of $164.5 million under our revolving credit facility of which $50.0 million is currently outstanding, and expected proceeds of $35.0 million under our $60.0 million term loan subject to satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions and closing of our acquisition of the Hyatt Place New York Midtown South. In addition, we currently have three unencumbered hotels, which we expect to include in the borrowing base of our revolving credit facility in the near term thereby increasing the maximum borrowing availability thereunder to $250.0 million. See the notes to our interim consolidated financial statements for additional information relating to our revolving credit facility and other long-term debt.
We have entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the Hyatt Place New York Midtown South for a purchase price of $76.2 million. We expect to fund the purchase price with available cash and cash equivalents and by borrowing under our revolving credit facility. We have provided a loan to the seller in the amount of $7.8 million, the proceeds of which will be used toward completing construction of the hotel. As of the date of this filing, we have $6.5 million outstanding under the hotel construction loan.
Giving effect to the pending acquisition of the Hyatt Place New York Midtown South and based on our targeted overall debt level, we have approximately $100 million to $125 million of remaining investment capacity to continue to grow our hotel portfolio. Furthermore, as of the date of this filing, we have equity securities with a maximum aggregate offering price of $361.7 million available to issue under a universal shelf registration statement filed with the SEC.
Capital Expenditures
We maintain each hotel in good repair and condition and in conformity with applicable laws and regulations and in accordance with the franchisor’s standards and the agreed-upon requirements in our management and loan agreements. The cost of all such routine improvements and alterations will be paid out of property improvement reserves, which will be funded by a portion of each hotel’s gross revenues. Routine capital expenditures will be administered by the management companies. However, we will have approval rights over the capital expenditures as part of the annual budget process.
From time-to-time, certain of our hotels may be undergoing renovations as a result of our decision to upgrade portions of the hotels, such as guestrooms, meeting space, and/or restaurants, in order to better compete with other hotels in our markets. In addition, often after we acquire a hotel, we are required to complete a PIP in order to bring the hotel up to the respective franchisor’s standards. If permitted by the terms of the management agreement, funding for a renovation will first come from the FF&E reserve. To the extent that the FF&E reserve is not adequate to cover the cost of the renovation, we will fund the remaining portion of the renovation with cash and cash equivalents on hand or available borrowings under our revolving credit facility.
Contractual Obligations
The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2012, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in thousands). There were no other material off-balance sheet arrangements at September 30, 2012, except for the pending acquisition of the Hyatt Place New York Midtown South for a purchase price of $76.2 million.
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| | Payments Due by Period |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | Less Than One Year | | One to Three Years | | Three to Five Years | | More Than Five Years |
Revolving credit facility, including interest(1) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
Term loans, including interest(1) | | 168,155 |
| | 7,080 |
| | 161,075 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Other mortgage loans, including interest | | 257,709 |
| | 13,426 |
| | 26,852 |
| | 138,745 |
| | 78,686 |
|
Corporate office lease | | 1,125 |
| | 212 |
| | 443 |
| | 470 |
| | — |
|
Ground leases(2) | | 100,531 |
| | 2,276 |
| | 4,441 |
| | 4,441 |
| | 89,373 |
|
| | $ | 527,520 |
| | $ | 22,994 |
| | $ | 192,811 |
| | $ | 143,656 |
| | $ | 168,059 |
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(1) | Assumes no additional borrowings, and interest payments are based on the interest rate in effect as of September 30, 2012. Also assumes that no extension options are exercised. See the notes to our interim consolidated financial statements for additional information relating to our revolving credit facility and term loans. |
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(2) | The ground lease for the Hyatt Regency Mission Bay Spa and Marina provides for the greater of base or percentage rent, both subject to potential increases over the term of the lease. Amounts assume only base rent for all periods presented and do not assume any adjustments for potential increases. |
Inflation
Operators of hotels, in general, possess the ability to adjust room rates daily to reflect the effects of inflation. However, competitive pressures may limit the ability of our management companies to raise room rates.
Seasonality
Demand in the lodging industry is affected by recurring seasonal patterns. For non-resort properties, demand is generally lower in the winter months due to decreased travel and higher in the spring and summer months during the peak travel season. For resort properties, demand is generally higher in the winter months. We expect that our operations will generally reflect non-resort seasonality patterns. Accordingly, we expect that we will have lower revenue, operating income and cash flow in the first and fourth quarters and higher revenue, operating income and cash flow in the second and third quarters. These general trends are, however, expected to be greatly influenced by overall economic cycles.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP, which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of our interim consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. While we do not believe the reported amounts would be materially different, application of these policies involves the exercise of judgment and the use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. All of our critical accounting policies are disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” to our interim consolidated financial statements for additional information relating to recently adopted accounting pronouncements.
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Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
We earn interest income primarily from cash and cash equivalent balances. Based on our cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2012, if interest rates increase or decrease by 1.00%, our interest income will increase or decrease by approximately $0.3 million annually.
Amounts borrowed under our revolving credit facility currently bear interest at variable rates based on LIBOR plus 1.75%—2.75% (the spread over LIBOR based on our consolidated leverage ratio). If prevailing LIBOR on any outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility were to increase or decrease, our interest expense on those outstanding
borrowings would also increase or decrease future earnings and cash flows, respectively. As of September 30, 2012, we had no outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility.
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Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Trust have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as required by paragraph (b) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, and have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.
There was no change in the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act during the Trust’s most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II
We are not involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us.
There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed under the caption “Risk Factors” in the Trust’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
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Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
Not applicable.
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Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
Not applicable.
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Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |
Not applicable.
None.
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Form 10-Q:
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Exhibit Number | | Description of Exhibit |
3.1 | | Articles Supplementary relating to the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 13, 2012) |
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10.1 | | Amendment No. 1 to the Limited Partnership Agreement of Chesapeake Lodging, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 13, 2012) |
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10.2 | | Purchase and Sale Agreement by and among Kencal Ownership LLC, Kencal Operating LLC, and CHSP Mission Bay LLC, dated July 31, 2012 |
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10.2.1 | | First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement by and among Kencal Ownership LLC, Kencal Operating LLC, and CHSP Mission Bay LLC, dated September 6, 2012 |
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10.3 | | Purchase and Sale Agreement by and between Starwood Chicago Lakeshore Realty LLC and CHSP Lakeshore LLC, dated August 5, 2012 |
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10.3.1 | | First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement by and between Starwood Chicago Lakeshore Realty LLC and CHSP Lakeshore LLC, dated August 17, 2012 |
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10.4 | | Promissory Note, dated July 27, 2012, by CHSP Denver LLC in favor of Western National Life Insurance Company |
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10.5 | | Fee and Leasehold Deed of Trust and Security Agreement by CHSP Denver LLC, as grantor, to the Public Trustee of the (City and) County of Denver, Colorado, as trustee, for the use and benefit of Western National Life Insurance Company, as beneficiary, dated July 25, 2012 |
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31.1 | | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer |
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31.2 | | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
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32.1 | | Section 1350 Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer |
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32.2 | | Section 1350 Certification of Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
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101.INS XBRL* | | Instance Document |
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101.SCH XBRL* | | Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
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101.CAL XBRL* | | Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
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101.DEF XBRL* | | Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
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101.LAB XBRL* | | Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
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101.PRE XBRL* | | Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
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* | Users of this data are advised pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T that this interactive data file is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections. |
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
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| | CHESAPEAKE LODGING TRUST |
| | | | |
Date: November 8, 2012 | | By: | | /S/ DOUGLAS W. VICARI |
| | | | Douglas W. Vicari |
| | | | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer) |
| | | | |
| | | | /S/ GRAHAM J. WOOTTEN |
| | | | Graham J. Wootten |
| | | | Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) |