Unassociated Document


 
United States
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 

 
FORM 10-Q
 

 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2007.
 
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from              to             .
 
Commission File Number 0-10843
 

 
CSP Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
 

 
Massachusetts
04-2441294
(State of incorporation)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
43 Manning Road
Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3901
(978) 663-7598
(Address and telephone number of principal executive offices)
 

 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ    No  ¨.
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  þ 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    
Yes  ¨    No  þ 
 
As of August 1, 2007, the registrant had 3,815,276 of common stock issued and outstanding.
 
 


 

 
INDEX
 
 
 
Page 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
     
Item 1. 
Financial Statements
 
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2007 (unaudited) and September 30, 2006
3
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006
4
     
 
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited) for the nine months ended June 30, 2007
5
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006
6
     
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
7-11
     
Item 2. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
12-23
     
Item 3. 
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
23
     
Item 4. 
Controls and Procedures
24
   
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
     
Item 6. 
Exhibits
25
 
2


CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands, except par value)
 
 
 
June 30,
2007 
 
September 30,
2006
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
ASSETS
         
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
10,677
 
$
8,683
 
Short-term investments
   
3,370
   
2,173
 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $134 and $77
   
12,388
   
10,316
 
Inventories
   
9,476
   
7,407
 
Refundable income taxes
   
107
   
43
 
Deferred income taxes
   
998
   
1,361
 
Other current assets
   
2,128
   
1,632
 
 
         
Total current assets
   
39,144
   
31,615
 
 
         
Property, equipment and improvements, net
   
1,084
   
1,141
 
 
         
               
Other assets:
         
Goodwill
   
2,779
   
2,779
 
Deferred income taxes
   
357
   
327
 
Cash surrender value of life insurance
   
1,900
   
2,185
 
Other assets
   
350
   
403
 
 
         
Total other assets
   
5,386
   
5,694
 
 
         
Total assets
 
$
45,614
 
$
38,450
 
 
         
               
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
         
Current liabilities:
         
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
$
12,661
 
$
10,695
 
Pension and retirement plans
   
555
   
494
 
Income taxes payable
   
1,575
   
827
 
Deferred income taxes
   
606
   
 
 
         
Total current liabilities
   
15,397
   
12,016
 
Pension and retirement plans
   
7,810
   
7,283
 
Deferred income taxes
   
268
   
236
 
 
         
Total liabilities
   
23,475
   
19,535
 
               
Commitments and contingencies
         
Shareholders’ equity:
         
Common stock, $.01 par; authorized, 7,500 shares;
         
issued 3,815 and 3,716 shares, respectively
   
38
   
37
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
11,775
   
10,957
 
Retained earnings
   
13,302
   
11,187
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
   
(2,976
)
 
(3,266
)
 
         
Total shareholders’ equity
   
22,139
   
18,915
 
 
         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 
$
45,614
 
$
38,450
 
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
 
3

 
 CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands, except for per share data)  
 
   
For the three months ended
 
For the nine months ended
 
   
June 30,
2007 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
June 30,
2007 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
Sales:
                 
Product
 
$
21,871
 
$
14,468
 
$
54,929
 
$
41,342
 
Services
   
4,073
   
4,088
   
10,964
   
9,957
 
 
                         
Total sales
   
25,944
   
18,556
   
65,893
   
51,299
 
 
                         
Cost of sales:
                         
Product
   
16,837
   
12,588
   
42,217
   
33,388
 
Services
   
3,405
   
2,571
   
8,131
   
6,698
 
 
                         
Total cost of sales
   
20,242
   
15,159
   
50,348
   
40,086
 
 
                         
Gross profit
   
5,702
   
3,397
   
15,545
   
11,213
 
                           
Operating expenses:
                         
Engineering and development
   
665
   
500
   
1,838
   
1,579
 
Selling, general and administrative
   
3,762
   
2,983
   
10,317
   
9,244
 
 
                         
Total operating expenses
   
4,427
   
3,483
   
12,155
   
10,823
 
 
                         
Operating income (loss)
   
1,275
   
(86
)
 
3,390
   
390
 
 
                         
Other income (expense):
                         
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
   
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(1
)
 
(5
)
Other income (expense), net
   
333
   
71
   
503
   
309
 
 
                         
Total other income (expense), net
   
332
   
68
   
502
   
304
 
 
                         
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
1,607
   
(18
)
 
3,892
   
694
 
Income tax expense
   
725
   
26
   
1,777
   
251
 
 
                         
Net income (loss)
 
$
882
 
$
(44
)
$
2,115
 
$
443
 
 
                         
Net income (loss) per share - basic
 
$
0.23
 
$
(0.01
)
$
0.56
 
$
0.12
 
 
                         
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
   
3,810
   
3,685
   
3,761
   
3,682
 
 
                         
Net income (loss) per share - diluted
 
$
0.22
 
$
(0.01
)
$
0.54
 
$
0.12
 
 
                         
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
   
3,967
   
3,685
   
3,926
   
3,791
 
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements
 
4


CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Nine Months Ended June 30, 2007
(Amounts in thousands)
 
   
Shares
 
Amount
 
Additional Paid-in Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
Total Shareholders’ Equity
 
Comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
                             
Balance as of September 30, 2006
   
3,716
 
$
37
 
$
10,957
 
$
11,187
 
$
(3,266
)
$
18,915
       
Comprehensive income:
                                           
Net income
   
   
   
   
2,115
   
   
2,115
 
$
2,115
 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
                                           
Effect of foreign currency translation
   
   
   
   
   
290
   
290
   
290
 
                                             
Total Comprehensive income
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
$
2,405
 
                                             
Exercise of stock options
   
70
   
1
   
362
   
   
   
363
       
Stock-based compensation
   
   
   
257
   
   
   
257
       
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan
   
28
   
   
193
   
   
   
193
       
Issuance of common stock
   
1
   
   
6
   
   
   
6
       
 
                                           
Balance as of June 30, 2007
   
3,815
 
$
38
 
$
11,775
 
$
13,302
 
$
(2,976
)
$
22,139
       
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements
 
5


CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands) 
 
   
For the nine months ended 
 
   
June 30,
2007 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
2,115
 
$
443
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
             
Depreciation
   
486
   
410
 
Insurance Settlement Gain
   
(240
)
 
 
Loss on disposal of property, net
   
1
   
5
 
Non-cash changes in accounts receivable
   
96
   
56
 
Non-cash compensation expense related to stock options
   
257
   
202
 
Deferred income taxes
   
994
   
53
 
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance 
   
   
(17
)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
             
Increase in accounts receivable
   
(1,823
)
 
(4,340
)
Increase in inventories
   
(1,945
)
 
(1,445
)
Increase in refundable income taxes
   
(60
)
 
(12
)
Increase in other current assets
   
145
   
(473
)
Decrease in other assets
   
54
   
(198
)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
1,629
   
5,503
 
Increase in pension and retirement plans
   
247
   
235
 
Increase in income taxes payable
   
730
   
155
 
 
         
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
2,686
   
577
 
 
         
               
Cash flows from investing activities:
         
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
   
   
(31
)
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities
   
(3,786
)
 
(1,877
)
Sales of available-for-sale securities
   
   
343
 
Maturities of held-to-maturity securities
   
2,589
   
2,073
 
Life insurance premiums paid
   
(48
)
 
(91
)
Purchases of property, equipment and improvements
   
(406
)
 
(396
)
 
         
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
   
(1,651
)
 
21
 
 
             
               
Cash flows from financing activities:
         
Proceeds from stock issued from the exercise of options
   
363
   
11
 
Proceeds from issuance of stock under employee stock purchase plan
   
193
   
158
 
Purchase of common stock
   
7
   
(110
)
 
         
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
563
   
59
 
 
         
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash
   
396
   
430
 
 
         
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
   
1,994
   
1,087
 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
   
8,683
   
9,724
 
 
         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
 
$
10,677
 
$
10,811
 
 
         
Supplementary Cash flow information:
             
Cash paid for income taxes
 
$
104
 
$
91
 
Cash paid for interest
 
$
97
 
$
89
 
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
 
6


CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2007 AND 2006
 
Organization and Business
 
CSP Inc. (CSPI or the Company) was founded in 1968 and is based in Billerica, Massachusetts. To meet the diverse requirements of its industrial, commercial, scientific, and defense customers worldwide, CSPI and its subsidiaries develop and market IT integration solutions and high-performance cluster computer systems. The Company operates in two segments, its Systems segment and its Service and System Integration segment.
 
1. Basis of Presentation 
 
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared by the Company, without audit, and reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim periods presented. All adjustments were of a normal recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, the Company believes that although the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, the financial statements should be read in conjunction with the footnotes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2006.
 
2. New Accounting Pronouncements 
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (as amended)—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We are in the process of analyzing the impact of FIN 48, which we are required to adopt by the first quarter of fiscal 2008.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)” (SFAS 158), which requires recognition of the funded status of a benefit plan in the balance sheet. SFAS 158 also requires recognition, in other comprehensive income, of certain gains and losses that arise during the period but which are deferred under pension accounting rules. SFAS 158 also requires defined benefit plan assets and obligations to be measured as of the date of the employer’s fiscal year-end. SFAS 158 provides recognition and disclosure elements that will be effective as of the end of fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006 (as of September 30, 2007 for the Company) and measurement date elements that will be effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008 (as of September 30, 2009 for the Company). The Company is currently evaluating the recognition element of adopting SFAS 158. The measurement date element will not have an impact on the Company as the Company already measures the plan assets and obligations as of the end of its fiscal year.
 
3. Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
 
4. Earnings Per Share of Common Stock 
 
Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share reflects the maximum dilution that would have resulted from the assumed exercise and share repurchase related to dilutive stock options and is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the assumed weighted average number of common shares outstanding.
 
7

 
The reconciliation of the denominators of the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share computations for the Company’s reported net income (loss) is as follows:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended 
 
For the Nine Months Ended 
 
   
June 30,
2007 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
June 30,
2007 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
   
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
882
 
$
(44
)
$
2,115
 
$
443
 
                           
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic
   
3,810
   
3,685
   
3,761
   
3,682
 
Incremental shares from the assumed exercise of stock options
   
157
   
   
165
   
109
 
 
                 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - diluted
   
3,967
   
3,685
   
3,926
   
3,791
 
 
                   
Net income (loss) per share - basic
 
$
0.23
 
$
(0.01
)
$
0.56
 
$
0.12
 
 
                 
Net income (loss) per share - diluted
 
$
0.22
 
$
(0.01
)
$
0.54
 
$
0.12
 
 
For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2007, options of 325 thousand and 339 thousand, respectively, were excluded from the diluted net income per share calculation because their impact would have been anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended June 30, 2006, options of 145 thousand, were excluded from the diluted net income per share calculation because their impact would have been anti-dilutive.
 
5. Inventories
 
Inventories consist of the following: 
 
     
June 30,
2007 
   
September 30,
2006 
 
     
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Raw materials
 
$
2,113
 
$
1,329
 
Work-in-progress
   
1,413
   
1,379
 
Finished goods
   
5,950
   
4,699
 
 
         
Total
 
$
9,476
 
$
7,407
 
 
6. Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
The components of comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
 
     
For the Three Months Ended 
   
For the Nine Months Ended 
 
     
June 30,
2007 
   
June 30,
2006 
   
June 30,
2007 
   
June 30,
2006 
 
     
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
882
 
$
(44
)
$
2,115
 
$
443
 
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
   
         
   
(45
)
Effect of foreign currency translation
   
62
   
311
   
290
   
231
 
 
                 
Comprehensive income
 
$
944
 
$
267
 
$
2,405
 
$
629
 
 
The components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) are as follows: 
 
     
June 30,
2007 
   
September 30,
2006 
 
     
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Cumulative effect of foreign currency translation
 
$
(1,066
)
$
(1,356
)
Additional minimum pension liability
   
(1,910
)
 
(1,910
)
 
         
Accumulated Comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
(2,976
)
$
(3,266
)
 
8

 
7. Pension and Retirement Plans 
 
In the United Kingdom and Germany, the Company provides defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution plans for the majority of its employees. Domestically, the Company also provides benefits through supplemental retirement plans to certain current and former employees. These supplemental plans provide benefits derived out of cash surrender values relating to current and former employee and officer life insurance policies, equal to the difference between the amounts that would have been payable under the defined benefit pension plans, in the absence of legislation limiting pension benefits and earnings that may be considered in calculating pension benefits, and the amounts actually payable under the defined benefit pension plans. Domestically, the Company provides for officer death benefits through post-retirement plans to certain officers.
 
The Company funds its pension plans in amounts sufficient to meet the requirements set forth in applicable employee benefits laws and local tax laws. Liabilities for amounts in excess of these funding levels are accrued and reported in the consolidated balance sheet.
 
The plan assets comprise a diversified mix of assets including corporate equity securities, government securities and corporate debt securities.
 
The components of net periodic benefit costs related to the U.S. and international plans are as follows: 
 
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30 
 
   
2007 
 
2006 
 
   
Foreign 
 
U.S. 
 
Total 
 
Foreign 
 
U.S. 
 
Total 
 
   
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Pension:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
 
$
30
 
$
2
 
$
32
 
$
29
 
$
2
 
$
31
 
Interest cost
   
166
   
35
   
201
   
142
   
36
   
178
 
Expected return on plan assets
   
(122
)
 
   
(122
)
 
(99
)
 
   
(99
)
Amortization of:
                                     
Prior service costs/(gains)
   
11
   
12
   
23
   
8
   
22
   
30
 
Net transition asset
   
(1
)
 
   
(1
)
 
(25
)
 
   
(25
)
 
                         
Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
84
 
$
49
 
$
133
 
$
55
 
$
60
 
$
115
 
 
                         
                                       
Post Retirement:
                         
Service cost
 
$
 
$
14
 
$
14
 
$
 
$
14
 
$
14
 
Interest cost
   
   
10
   
10
   
   
9
   
9
 
Expected return on plan assets
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Amortization of:
                         
Prior service costs/(gains)
   
   
7
   
7
   
   
15
   
15
 
Net transition asset
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
                         
Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
 
$
31
 
$
31
 
$
 
$
38
 
$
38
 
 
   
For the Nine Months Ended June 30 
 
   
2007 
 
2006 
 
   
Foreign 
 
U.S. 
 
Total 
 
Foreign 
 
U.S. 
 
Total 
 
   
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Pension:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
 
$
89
 
$
5
 
$
94
 
$
86
 
$
5
 
$
91
 
Interest cost
   
495
   
107
   
602
   
421
   
107
   
528
 
Expected return on plan assets
   
(362
)
 
   
(362
)
 
(294
)
 
   
(294
)
Amortization of:
                         
Prior service costs/(gains)
   
33
   
35
   
68
   
35
   
65
   
100
 
Net transition asset
   
(4
)
 
   
(4
)
 
(85
)
 
   
(85
)
 
                         
Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
251
 
$
147
 
$
398
 
$
164
 
$
177
 
$
340
 
 
                         
                                       
Post Retirement:
                         
Service cost
 
$
 
$
42
 
$
42
 
$
 
$
41
 
$
41
 
Interest cost
   
   
30
   
30
   
   
26
   
26
 
Expected return on plan assets
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Amortization of:
                                 
Prior service costs/(gains)
   
   
22
   
22
   
   
44
   
44
 
Net transition asset
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
                         
Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
 
$
94
 
$
94
 
$
 
$
111
 
$
111
 
 
9

 
8. Segment Information
 
The following table presents certain operating segment information.
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
System
Integration 
 
Consolidated
Total
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
5,241
 
$
16,630
 
$
21,871
 
Service
 
$
106
 
$
3,967
 
$
4,073
 
Total sales
 
$
5,347
 
$
20,597
 
$
25,944
 
Operating income
 
$
1,230
 
$
45
 
$
1,275
 
Total assets
 
$
19,302
 
$
26,312
 
$
45,614
 
Capital expenditures
 
$
72
 
$
50
 
$
122
 
Depreciation
 
$
64
 
$
99
 
$
163
 
                     
Three Months Ended June 30, 2006
             
Sales:
             
Product
 
$
282
 
$
14,186
 
$
14,468
 
Service
 
$
1,250
 
$
2,838
 
$
4,088
 
Total sales
 
$
1,532
 
$
17,024
 
$
18,556
 
Operating loss
 
$
(307
)
$
221
 
$
(86
)
Total assets
 
$
11,779
 
$
26,658
 
$
38,437
 
Capital expenditures
 
$
97
 
$
91
 
$
188
 
Depreciation
 
$
52
 
$
94
 
$
146
 
 
10

 
 
 
 
 
Systems 
   
Service and
System
Integration 
   
Consolidated
Total
 
Nine Months Ended June 30, 2007
             
Sales:
             
Product
 
$
12,551
 
$
42,378
 
$
54,929
 
Service
 
$
796
 
$
10,168
 
$
10,964
 
Total sales
 
$
13,347
 
$
52,546
 
$
65,893
 
Operating income
 
$
2,637
 
$
753
 
$
3,390
 
Total assets
 
$
19,302
 
$
26,312
 
$
45,614
 
Capital expenditures
 
$
258
 
$
148
 
$
406
 
Depreciation
 
$
199
 
$
287
 
$
486
 
                     
Nine Months Ended June, 2006
                   
Sales:
                   
Product
 
$
5,302
 
$
36,040
 
$
41,342
 
Service
 
$
1,754
 
$
8,203
 
$
9,957
 
Total sales
 
$
7,056
 
$
44,243
 
$
51,299
 
Operating income (loss)
 
$
(181
)
$
571
 
$
390
 
Total assets
 
$
11,779
 
$
26,658
 
$
38,437
 
Capital expenditures
 
$
144
 
$
252
 
$
396
 
Depreciation
 
$
156
 
$
254
 
$
410
 
 
Profit (loss) from operations is equal to sales, less: cost of sales, engineering and development and selling, general and administrative expenses, but is not affected by either non-operating charges/income or by income taxes. Non-operating charges/ income consists principally of gain on sale of property, investment income and interest expense. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
 
Total assets include deferred income tax assets and other financial instruments owned by the Company.
 
The following table lists customers from which the Company derived revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006.
 
     
For the Three Months Ended 
     
For the Nine Months Ended 
 
     
June 30,
2007 
     
June 30,
2006 
     
June 30,
2007 
     
June 30,
2006 
 
     
Amount
   
% of Revenues 
     
Amount
   
% of Revenues 
     
Amount
   
% of Revenues 
     
Amount
   
% of Revenues 
 
     
(Amounts in millions)
 
Raytheon Corporation
 
$
4.4
   
17
%
 
$
   
%
 
$
9.5
   
14
%
 
$
1.5
   
3
%
Atos Origin GmbH
 
$
3.5
   
14
%
 
$
4.1
   
22
%
 
$
8.6
   
13
%
 
$
7.7
   
15
%
Kabel Deutschland
 
$
4.4
   
17
%
 
$
0.5
   
3
%
 
$
6.9
   
10
%
 
$
5.9
   
12
%
 
11

 
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
The discussion below contains certain forward-looking statements related to, among others, but not limited to, statements concerning future revenues and future business plans. Actual results may vary from those contained in such forward-looking statements.
 
Markets for our products and services are characterized by rapidly changing technology, new product introductions and short product life cycles. These changes can adversely affect our business and operating results. Our success will depend on our ability to enhance our existing products and services and to develop and introduce, on a timely and cost effective basis, new products that keep pace with technological developments and address increasing customer requirements. The inability to meet these demands could adversely affect our business and operating results.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to uncollectible receivables, inventory valuation, goodwill, income taxes, deferred compensation and retirement plans, and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical performance and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. A description of our critical accounting policies is contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2006 in the “Critical Accounting Policies” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
Results of Operations
 
Overview of the nine months ended June 30, 2007 Results of Operations
 
CSP Inc. operates in two segments:
 
·
Systems - the Systems segment consists of our MultiComputer division which designs, develops and manufactures signal processing computer platforms which are used primarily in military applications and the process control and data acquisition hardware business of our Modcomp division.
     
 
·
Service and Systems Integration - the Service and Systems Integration Segment includes the computer systems’ maintenance and integration services and third-party computer hardware and software products businesses of our Modcomp subsidiary. .
Highlights include:
 
·
Revenue increased by approximately $14.6 million, or 28%, to $65.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus $51.3 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2006.
     
 
·
Operating income increased by approximately $3.0 million, or 769%, to $3.4 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus $390 thousand for the nine months ended June 30, 2006.
     
 
·
Net income increased by approximately $1.7 million, or 377%, to $2.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus $443 thousand for the nine months ended June 30, 2006.
     
 
·
Net cash provided by operations was approximately $2.7 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 compared to net cash provided by operations of $577 thousand for the comparable period of 2006.
 
The following table details our results of operations in dollars and as a percentage of sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
 
 
June 30,
2007 
 
%
of sales 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
%
of sales 
 
Sales
 
$
65,893
   
100
%
$
51,299
   
100
%
Costs and expenses:
                 
Cost of sales
   
50,348
   
76
%
 
40,086
   
78
%
Engineering and development
   
1,838
   
3
%
 
1,579
   
3
%
Selling, general and administrative
   
10,317
   
16
%
 
9,244
   
18
%
 
                   
Total costs and expenses
   
62,503
   
95
%
 
50,909
   
99
%
 
                     
Operating income
   
3,390
   
5
%
 
390
   
1
%
Other income
   
502
   
1
%
 
304
   
%
 
                     
Income before income taxes
   
3,892
   
6
%
 
694
   
1
%
Provision for income taxes
   
1,777
   
3
%
 
251
   
%
 
                 
Net income
 
$
2,115
   
3
%
$
443
   
1
%
 
 
12

 
Sales
 
The following table details our sales by operating segment for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration
 
Total 
 
% of
Total 
 
For the nine months ended June 30, 2007:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
12,551
 
$
42,378
 
$
54,929
   
83
%
Services
   
796
   
10,168
   
10,964
   
17
%
 
                   
Total
 
$
13,347
 
$
52,546
 
$
65,893
   
100
%
 
                 
% of Total
   
20
%
 
80
%
 
100
%
   
 
 
   
Systems 
 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration
 
 
Total
 
 
% of
Total
 
For the nine months ended June 30, 2006:
                 
Product
 
$
5,302
 
$
36,040
 
$
41,342
   
81
%
Services
   
1,754
   
8,203
   
9,957
   
19
%
 
                 
Total
 
$
7,056
 
$
44,243
 
$
51,299
   
100
%
 
                 
% of Total
   
14
%
 
86
%
 
100
%
   
 
 
   
Systems 
 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration
 
 
Total
 
 
%
increase
(decrease)
Increase (Decrease)
                 
Product
 
$
7,249
 
$
6,338
 
$
13,587
   
33
%
Services
   
(958
)
 
1,965
   
1,007
   
10
%
 
                 
Total
 
$
6,291
 
$
8,303
 
$
14,594
   
28
%
 
                 
% increase
   
89
%
 
19
%
 
28
%
   
 
Total revenues increased by approximately $14.6 million, or 28%, in the first nine months of fiscal year 2007 compared to the same period of fiscal year 2006. Approximately $6.3 million of this increase was in the Systems segment and the remaining $8.3 million was in the Service and System Integration segment.
 
Product revenues increased by approximately $13.6 million, or 33% in the first nine months of fiscal year 2007 compared to the first nine months of fiscal 2006. Approximately $7.2 million of this increase was in the Systems segment and $6.4 million was in the Service and System Integration segment.
 
The $7.2 million increase in the Systems segment product revenue was primarily due to the increase in sales to Raytheon of approximately $8.0 million over the prior year period, related to sales under the new Raytheon contract that began shipping in the first nine months of fiscal 2007. In addition, sales to Kyokuto Boeki Kaisha (“KBK”) increased by $1.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus the prior year comparable period. These sales increases were offset by a decline in sales to Lockheed Martin of $1.9 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 versus the prior comparable period.
 
The $6.4 million increase in the Service and System Integration segment product revenue was primarily due to a $2.9 million increase in shipments of third-party hardware in the US Systems and Solutions division plus an increase in product sales in our German division of this segment of approximately $3.5 million. Approximately $2.8 million of the US Systems and Solutions division increase was from sales to new customers while the remaining $0.1 million of the increase was due to increases in sales to existing customers.  The increase in the German division product sales of approximately $3.5 million was due to increased sales volume of $2.0 million plus the effect of a stronger Euro versus the US dollar during the nine months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period of fiscal 2006, which accounted for approximately $1.5 of the increase. The $2.0 million increase in sales volume was due to $1 million in sales to new customer and a net $1 million increase in sales to existing customers.
 
13

 
Service revenues increased by $1 million, or 10% in the first nine months of fiscal year 2007 compared to the first nine months of fiscal 2006. This change consisted of an increase of approximately $2.0 million in the Service and System Integration segment offset by a $1.0 million decrease in the Systems segment. The Service and System Integration segment increase was derived from a $1.1 million increase in our German subsidiary, an increase in our UK subsidiary of $1.2 million offset by a decrease in out US business of approximately $300 thousand.
 
The German increase was from $0.6 million of increased sales volume from existing customers; and $0.5 million was due to the foreign exchange rate fluctuation of a stronger Euro versus the US dollar for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable period of fiscal 2006.
 
The UK division increase was due to increased volume of approximately $1.0 million; and $0.2 million was due to the foreign exchange rate fluctuation of a stronger British pound versus the US dollar for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable period of fiscal 2006. The increase in sales volume in the UK was due to the completion of a long-term software development contract for a single customer, which totaled approximately $0.9 million. The software development contract began in fiscal 2005, and was completed and accepted by the customer in June of 2007. The Company accounted for this contract utilizing the completed contract method of accounting, because we were not able to reliably estimate its cost to complete, in accordance with AICPA Statement of Position (“SOP”) 97-2 Software Revenue Recognition (“SOP 97-2”), Accounting Research Bulletin No. 45 Accounting for Long Term Construction-Type Contracts (“ARB No. 45”) and SOP 81-1 Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts (“SOP 81-1”). The Company determined that the criteria for revenue recognition was met during the quarter ended June 30, 2007, and has thus recorded the revenue in the period. In the quarter ended September 30, 2006, the Company recognized a loss of approximately 33 thousand British Pounds (approximately $60 thousand), which we estimated would be the loss on the contract once completed. The actual loss on the contract, determined upon its completion in the quarter ended June 30, 2007, was approximately 78 thousand British Pounds (approximately $152 thousand), resulting an additional loss on the contract of approximately $92 thousand that was recognized in the quarter ended June 30, 2007.
 
The decrease in services revenues in our US division of the Service and System Integration Segment was due primarily to the expiration of annual maintenance contracts that supported legacy systems, which were not renewed. The Systems segment service revenue decrease of $1.0 million was due to a decrease in royalty revenue from Lockheed Martin which was approximately $1.5 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006 compared to approximately $0.5 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007.
 
Our sales by geographic area, based on the location to which the products were shipped or services rendered, are as follows: 
 
     
For the Nine Months Ended 
 
     
(Amounts in thousands)
 
     
June 30, 2007 
   
% 
     
June 30, 2006
   
% 
     
$ Increase/
(Decrease) 
   
% Increase
(Decrease) 
 
                                           
North America
 
$
34,460
   
52
%
 
$
26,720
   
52
%
 
$
7,740
   
29
%
Europe
   
28,666
   
44
%
   
22,853
   
45
%
   
5,813
   
25
%
Asia
   
2,767
   
4
%
   
1,726
   
3
%
   
1,041
   
60
%
 
                             
Totals
 
$
65,893
   
100
%
 
$
51,299
   
100
%
 
$
14,594
   
28
%
 
North American revenue increased in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 versus the comparable period of fiscal 2006, largely due to the increase in product sales in the Systems segment related to the increase in sales to Raytheon of $7.9 million offset by the reduction in sales to Lockheed Martin of $2.8 million, referred to above. This combined with the increase in product sales in the Systems and Solutions US division of $2.9 million, offset further by the decrease of approximately $0.3 million, in services revenue in the US division of the Service and Systems Integration segment, also referred to above, make up the increase in North American Revenue.
 
14

 
The increase in revenues in Europe for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable period of fiscal 2006 was due primarily to the reasons set forth above with respect to sales volumes and foreign exchange rate fluctuations in the German and UK subsidiaries, in the Service and System Integration segment. To summarize the data presented above, $2.6 of the increase was related to higher sales volume from our German division, $1.0 million was related to higher sales volume in our UK division, $2.0 million of the increase was related to foreign exchange rate fluctuation of a stronger Euro versus the US dollar, and $0.2 million of the increase was related to foreign exchange rate fluctuation of a stronger British Pound versus the US dollar.
 
The increase in Asia sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable period of fiscal 2006 was due to increased sales in the Systems division to KBK (see above.)

Cost of Sales and Gross Margins
 
The following table details our cost of sales by operating segment for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration 
 
Total 
 
% of
Total 
 
For the nine months ended June 30, 2007:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
4,965
 
$
37,252
 
$
42,217
   
84
%
Services
   
190
   
7,941
   
8,131
   
16
%
 
                 
Total
 
$
5,155
 
$
45,193
 
$
50,348
   
100
%
 
                 
% of Total
   
10
%
 
90
%
 
100
%
   
% of Sales
   
39
%
 
86
%
 
76
%
   
                           
Gross Margins:
                         
Product
   
60
%
 
12
%
 
23
%
     
Services
   
76
%
 
22
%
 
26
%
     
Total
   
61
%
 
14
%
 
24
%
     
 
 
   
Systems 
 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration
 
 
Total
 
 
% of
Total
 
For the nine months ended June 30, 2006:
                 
Product
 
$
2,143
 
$
31,245
 
$
33,388
   
83
%
Services
   
192
   
6,506
   
6,698
   
17
%
 
                 
Total
 
$
2,335
 
$
37,751
 
$
40,086
   
100
%
 
                 
% of Total
   
6
%
 
94
%
 
100
%
   
% of Sales
   
33
%
 
85
%
 
78
%
   
                           
Gross Margins:
                         
Product
   
60
%
 
13
%
 
19
%
   
Services
   
89
%
 
21
%
 
33
%
     
Total
   
67
%
 
15
%
 
22
%
     
 
 
   
Systems 
 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration
 
 
Total
 
 
% of
Total
 
Increase (decrease)
                         
Product
 
$
2,822
 
$
6,007
 
$
8,829
   
86
%
Services
   
(2
)
 
1,435
   
1,433
   
14
%
 
                         
Total
 
$
2,820
 
$
7,442
 
$
10,262
   
100
%
 
                         
% Increase
   
121
%
 
20
%
 
26
%
     
% of Sales
   
6
%
 
1
%
 
(2
)%
     
                           
                           
Gross Margins:
                         
Product
   
%
 
(1
)%
 
4
%
     
Services
   
(13
)%
 
1
%
 
(7
)%
     
Total
   
(6
)%
 
(1
)%
 
2
%
     
 
15

 
Total cost of sales increased by approximately $10.3 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2007, over the comparable period in fiscal 2006, to $50.3 million up from $40.1 million in the prior year period. The increase in cost of sales was due, overall, to the increase in sales volume and revenues, reflecting an overall 2% improvement in gross margin to 24% for the current year nine month period versus 22% in the prior year. This improvement in the overall gross margin was due to better product gross margin, which increased by 4% to 23% for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 compared to 19% for the nine months ended June 30, 2006. The increase in total product gross margin was due to an increase in Systems segment product revenues as a percentage of total revenues, which increased to 23% of total product revenues for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus 13% of total product revenues for the comparable period of fiscal 2006. Because Systems segment product sales carry much higher gross margins (60%) versus Service and Systems Integration segment product sales (12% to 13%), this proportional increase in Systems segment sales produced higher overall gross margins in the nine month period ended June 30, 2007 vs. the comparable period of fiscal 2006.
 
Offsetting the increase in the product sales gross margin referred to above, the services gross margin decreased by 7%, comparing the nine month period ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable prior year period. This decrease in services gross margin was due to lower gross margin in the Systems segment which resulted from the lower royalty revenue in the nine month period ended June 30, 2007 versus the prior year period, which decreased by $1.0 million. Royalty revenues carry 100% gross margin because there are no associated costs of sales with royalties.
 
Engineering and Development Expenses
 
The following table details our engineering and development expenses by operating segment for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006: 
 
   
For the Nine Months Ended 
           
   
June 30,
2007 
 
% of
Total 
   
June 30,
2006 
 
% of
Total 
   
$ Increase
(Decrease) 
 
% Increase
(Decrease) 
 
   
(Amounts in thousands)
 
By Operating Segment:
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
     
Systems
 
$
1,767
   
96
%
 
$
1,541
   
98
%
 
$
226
   
15
%
Service and System Integration
   
71
   
4
%
   
38
   
2
%
   
33
   
87
%
 
                             
Total
 
$
1,838
   
100
%
 
$
1,579
   
100
%
 
$
259
   
16
%
 
Engineering and development expenses increased by $259 thousand, or 16%, in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 compared to the first nine months of fiscal 2006. The increase relates to an increase in expenses of $226 thousand in the Systems segment, related primarily to outside consultants and other costs that were incurred in connection with the development of the next generation of MultiComputer products.
 
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
 
The following table details our selling, general and administrative expenses by operating segment for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
16

 
 
   
For the Nine Months Ended 
           
   
June 30,
2007 
 
% of
Total 
   
June 30,
2006 
 
% of
Total 
   
$ Increase
 
% Increase 
 
   
(Amounts in thousands)
 
By Operating Segment:
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Systems
 
$
3,788
   
37
%
 
$
3,361
   
36
%
 
$
427
   
13
%
Service and System Integration
   
6,529
   
63
%
   
5,883
   
64
%
   
646
   
11
%
 
   
   
     
   
     
       
Total
 
$
10,317
   
100
%
 
$
9,244
   
100
%
 
$
1,073
   
12
%
 
 
Total selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $1.1 million, or 12%, in the first six months of 2007 compared to the corresponding period of fiscal 2006. The Systems division increase was due primarily to increases in commissions and incentive bonuses expenses, as a result of the higher sales volume and net income in the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable prior year period. The $646 thousand increase in the Service and System Integration segment was due primarily to higher sales commissions and incentive bonus expenses which increased by $325 thousand as a result of the greater sales volume and profits, increases in salaries and related expenses due to headcount increases of $49 thousand, temporary labor increases of $19 thousand, an increase in bad debt expense of $27 thousand, a restructuring charge for a force reduction in our UK division of $150 thousand and other costs associated with the increased level of business activity.
 
Other Income/Expenses
 
The following table details our other income/expenses for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006: 
 
   
For the Nine Months Ended 
     
   
June 30,
2007 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
$ Increase
(Decrease) 
 
   
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Interest expense
   
($ 72
)
 
($73
)
$
1
 
Interest income
   
357
   
282
   
75
 
Dividend income
   
   
2
   
(2
)
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
   
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
4
 
Insurance settlement gain
   
240
   
60
   
180
 
Realized gain on investments
   
   
65
   
(65
)
Other income (expense), net
   
(22
)
 
(27
)
 
5
 
 
   
   
   
 
Total other income, net
 
$
502
 
$
304
 
$
198
 
 
Total other income increased by $198 thousand for the first nine months of fiscal 2007 compared to the first nine months of fiscal 2006, as shown above. The increase in interest income was due to higher rates earned on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. The increase in insurance settlement income resulted from a gain associated with the payment to the Company on a life insurance policy, because the death benefit to the Company exceeded the carrying cash surrender value of the policy. This compares to the prior year item which was for payment on a disaster claim due to hurricane Wilma in Florida. Offsetting these increases was a reduction due to the non-recurring realized gain on an investment which were realized during the nine months ended June 30, 2006.

Overview of the quarter ended June 30, 2007 Results of Operations
 
Highlights include:
 
·
Revenue increased by approximately $7.4 million, or 40%, to $25.9 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus $18.6 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
 
·
Operating income increased by approximately $1.4 million, or 1,583%, to $1.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus an operating loss of $86 thousand for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
 
·
Net income increased by $926 thousand, or 2105%, to $882 thousand for the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus a net loss of $44 thousand for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
 
 
17

 
The following table details our results of operations in dollars and as a percentage of sales for the quarters ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
 
 
June 30,
2007 
 
%
of sales 
 
June 30,
2006 
 
%
of sales 
 
Sales
 
$
25,944
   
100
%
$
18,556
   
100
%
Costs and expenses:
   
   
   
   
 
Cost of sales
   
20,242
   
78
%
 
15,159
   
81
%
Engineering and development
   
665
   
3
%
 
500
   
3
%
Selling, general and administrative
   
3,762
   
14
%
 
2,983
   
16
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total costs and expenses
   
24,669
   
95
%
 
18,642
   
100
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Operating income
   
1,275
   
5
%
 
(86
)
 
--
%
Other income
   
332
   
1
%
 
68
   
--
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Income before income taxes
   
1,607
   
6
%
 
(18
)
 
--
%
Provision for income taxes
   
725
   
3
%
 
26
   
--
%
 
   
   
1
   
   
 
Net income
 
$
882
   
3
%
$
(44
)
 
--
%
 
Sales
 
The following table details our sales by operating segment for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration 
 
Total 
 
% of
Total 
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2007:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
5,241
 
$
16,630
 
$
21,871
   
84
%
Services
   
106
   
3,967
   
4,073
   
16
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total
 
$
5,347
 
$
20,597
 
$
25,944
   
100
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
% of Total
   
21
%
 
79
%
 
100
%
 
 
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration 
 
Total 
 
% of
Total 
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2006:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
282
 
$
14,186
 
$
14,468
   
78
%
Services
   
1,250
   
2,838
   
4,088
   
22
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total
 
$
1,532
 
$
17,024
 
$
18,556
   
100
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
% of Total
   
8
%
 
92
%
 
100
%
 
 
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration 
 
Total 
 
%
increase
(decrease) 
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
4,959
 
$
2,444
 
$
7,403
   
51
%
Services
   
(1,144
)
 
1,129
   
(15
)
 
%
 
   
   
   
       
Total
 
$
3,815
 
$
3,573
 
$
7,388
   
40
%
 
   
   
   
       
% increase (decrease)
   
249
%
 
21
%
 
40
%
 
 
 
As shown above, total revenues increased by approximately $7.4 million, or 40%, in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period of fiscal year 2006. Revenue in the Systems segment increased in the current year quarter versus the prior year quarter by approximately $3.8 million, and revenues in the Service and System Integration segment increased by approximately $3.6 million, resulting in the overall increase of $7.4 million.
 
Product revenues increased by approximately $7.4 million, or 51% in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 compared to the comparable period of fiscal 2006. This change in product revenues was made up of an increase in product revenues in the Systems segment of $5.0 million versus the prior year quarter and an increase in product revenues in the Service and System Integration segment of $2.4 million over the prior year quarter.
 
18

 
The increase in the Systems segment product revenues of approximately $5.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable period in fiscal 2006 was primarily the result of an increase in sales to Raytheon of approximately $4.4 million and an increase in sales to KBK of $500 thousand.
 
The $2.4 million increase in the Service and System Integration segment was primarily due to an increase in product sales in our German subsidiary of $2.7 million, and a $0.3 million decrease in product sales in our US Systems and Solutions division. Of the $2.7 million increase in the German subsidiary, approximately $2.2 million was due to an increase in sales volume, while approximately $0.5 million was due to the effect of a stronger Euro versus the US dollar, during the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus the quarter ended June 30, 2006. The increase in sales volume of the German subsidiary was attributable to approximately $ 0.1 million in new business and $2.1 from increased business to existing customers. The $0.3 million decrease in product sales of the US Systems and Solutions division was the result of lower sales to previously existing customers.
 
As shown in the table above, there was virtually no change in overall service revenues in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 compared to the comparable quarter of fiscal 2006. However, the Systems segment services revenues decreased by approximately $1.1 million and service revenues in the Service and Systems Integration segment increased by approximately $1.1 million.
 
The decrease in services revenues in the Systems segment in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 quarter versus the prior year quarter was due to a decrease in royalty revenues from Lockheed Martin. The increase in services sales in the Service and System Integration segment was due in large part to the completion of a long-term software development contract for a single customer, which totaled approximately $0.9 million in the UK division plus additional sales volume increases and the impact of favorable foreign exchange rate fluctuations for both the British pound and the Euro. The software development contract began in fiscal 2005, and was completed and accepted by the customer in June of 2007. The Company accounted for this contract utilizing the completed contract method of accounting, because we were not able to reliably estimate its cost to complete, in accordance with SOP 97-2, ARB No. 45 and SOP 81-1. The Company determined that the criteria for revenue recognition was met during the quarter ended June 30, 2007, and has thus recorded the revenue in the period. In the quarter ended September 30, 2006, the Company recognized a loss of approximately 33 thousand British Pounds (approximately $60 thousand), which we estimated would be the loss on the contract once completed. The actual loss on the contract, determined upon its completion in the quarter ended June 30, 2007, was approximately 78 thousand British Pounds (approximately $152 thousand), resulting an additional loss on the contract of approximately $92 thousand that was recognized in the quarter ended June 30, 2007.
 
Our sales by geographic area, based on the location to which the products were shipped or services rendered, are as follows:  
 
   
 For the Three Months Ended 
           
   
(Amounts in thousands)
           
   
June 30,
2007 
 
% 
   
June 30,
2006
 
%
   
$ Increase/
(Decrease)
 
% Increase
(Decrease)  
 
North America
 
$
12,654
   
49
%
 
$
9,781
   
53
%
 
$
2,873
   
29
%
Europe
   
12,706
   
49
%
   
8,649
   
47
%
   
4,057
   
47
%
Asia
   
584
   
2
%
   
126
   
--
%
   
458
   
363
%
 
   
   
     
   
     
   
 
Totals
 
$
25,944
   
100
%
 
$
18,556
   
100
%
 
$
7,388
   
40
%
 
The increase in North American revenue in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 was due to the sales in the Service and Systems Integration segment. The increases in sales to Europe are also discussed in the narrative above which refers to the increases in sales in the Service and Systems Integration segment that were derived from Germany and the UK. The increase in Asia sales were the result of increased sales to KBK, from the Systems segment, also referred to above.
 
19

 
Cost of Sales
 
The following table details our cost of sales by operating segment for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration 
 
Total 
 
% of
Total 
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2007:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
2,083
 
$
14,753
 
$
16,836
   
83
%
Services
   
18
   
3,388
   
3,406
   
17
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total
 
$
2,101
 
$
18,141
 
$
20,242
   
100
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
% of Total
   
10
%
 
90
%
 
100
%
 
 
% of Sales
   
39
%
 
88
%
 
78
%
 
 
                           
Gross Margins:
                         
Product
   
60
%
 
11
%
 
23
%
     
Services
   
84
%
 
15
%
 
16
%
     
Total
   
61
%
 
12
%
 
22
%
     
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration 
 
Total 
 
% of
Total 
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2006:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
230
 
$
12,358
 
$
12,588
   
83
%
Services
   
134
   
2,437
   
2,571
   
17
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total
 
$
364
 
$
14,795
 
$
15,159
   
100
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
% of Total
   
2
%
 
98
%
 
100
%
 
 
% of Sales
   
24
%
 
87
%
 
82
%
 
 
                           
Gross Margins:
                         
Product
   
18
%
 
13
%
 
13
%
     
Services
   
89
%
 
14
%
 
37
%
     
Total
   
76
%
 
13
%
 
18
%
     
 
 
 
Systems 
 
Service and
Systems
Integration 
 
Total 
 
%
increase
(decrease) 
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
 
$
1,853
 
$
2,395
 
$
4,248
   
34
%
Services
   
(116
)
 
951
   
835
   
32
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total
 
$
1,737
 
$
3,346
 
$
5,083
   
34
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
% Increase (decrease)
   
476
%
 
23
%
 
34
%
 
 
% of Sales
   
15
%
 
(1
)%
 
(4
)%
     
                           
Gross Margins:
                         
Product
   
42
%
 
(2
)%
 
10
%
     
Services
   
(5
)%
 
1
%
 
(21
)%
     
Total
   
(15
)%
 
(1
)%
 
4
%
     
 
Total cost of sales increased by approximately $5.1 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2007, over the comparable period in fiscal 2006, to $20.2 million up from $15.1 million in the prior year period. The increase in cost of sales was due, overall, to the increase in sales volume and revenues, reflecting an overall 4% improvement in gross margin to 22% for the current year quarter versus 18% in the prior year. This improvement in the overall gross margin was due to better product gross margin, which increased by 10% to 23% for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 compared to 13% for the nine months ended June 30, 2006. The increase in total product gross margin was due to an increase in Systems segment product revenues as a percentage of total revenues, which increased to 24% of total product revenues for the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus 2% of total product revenues for the comparable period of fiscal 2006. Because Systems segment product sales carry much higher gross margins (60%) versus Service and Systems Integration segment product sales (11% to 13%), this proportional increase in Systems segment sales produced higher overall gross margins in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 vs. the comparable period of fiscal 2006.
 
20

 
Offsetting the increase in the product sales gross margin referred to above, the services gross margin decreased by 21%, comparing quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable prior year quarter. This decrease in services gross margin was due to lower gross margin in the Systems segment which resulted from the lower royalty revenue in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus the prior year period, which decreased by $1.2 million. Royalty revenues carry 100% gross margin because there are no associated costs of sales with royalties.
 
Engineering and Development Expenses
 
The following table details our engineering and development expenses by operating segment for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
   
 For the Three Months Ended  
           
     
June 30,
2007  
   
% of
Total  
   
June 30,
2006  
   
% of
Total
   
$ Increase
(Decrease) 
   
% Increase
(Decrease)  
 
     
(Amounts in thousands) 
 
By Operating Segment:
                         
Systems
 
$
625
   
94
%
$
492
   
98
%
$
133
   
27
%
Service and System Integration
   
40
   
6
%
 
8
   
2
%
 
32
   
413
%
 
                         
Total
 
$
665
   
100
%
$
500
   
100
%
$
165
   
33
%
 
Engineering and development expenses increased $165 thousand, or 33%, in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period of fiscal 2006. The increase relates to an increase in expenses of $133 thousand in the Systems segment, related primarily to outside consultants and other costs that were incurred in connection with the development of the next generation of MultiComputer products. Engineering and development expense increased by approximately $32 thousand in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 versus the prior year quarter due to higher labor costs, fringe benefits and training costs.
 
Selling, General and Administrative
 
The following table details our selling, general and administrative expense by operating segment for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended 
             
     
June 30,
2007  
   
% of
Total  
   
June 30,
2006  
   
% of
Total
   
$ Increase  
   
% Increase  
 
     
(Amounts in thousands) 
 
By Operating Segment:
                         
Systems
 
$
1,391
   
37
%
$
983
   
33
%
$
408
   
42
%
Service and System Integration
   
2,371
   
63
%
 
2,000
   
67
%
 
371
   
19
%
 
                         
Total
 
$
3,762
   
100
%
$
2,983
   
100
%
$
779
   
26
%
 
Total selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses increased by $779 thousand, or 26%, in the quarter ended June 30, 2007 compared to the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2006. The Systems segment SG&A expenses increased by approximately $408 thousand, and SG&A expenses in the Services and System Integration segment increased by approximately $371 thousand. The Systems division increase was due to increases in commissions and incentive bonuses expenses of $308, as a result of the higher sales volume and net income in the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus the comparable prior year period, and an increase of approximately $81 thousand in salary and benefit increases resulting from headcount and salary rate increases. The $371 thousand increase in the Service and System Integration segment was due to higher sales commissions and incentive bonus expenses which increased by $124 thousand as a result of the greater sales volume and profits, increases in salaries and related expenses due to headcount increases of $20 thousand, temporary labor increases of $23 thousand, an increase in bad debt expense of $34 thousand, a restructuring charge for a force reduction in our UK division of $150 thousand and other costs associated with the increased level of business activity.
 
21


Other Income/Expenses
 
The following table details our other income/expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006:
 
   
 For the Three Months Ended 
     
     
June 30,
2007  
   
June 30,
2006  
   
$ Increase
(Decrease)  
 
     
(Amounts in thousands) 
 
Interest expense
   
($ 24
)
 
($23
)
 
($1
)
Interest income
   
117
   
105
   
12
 
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
   
(2
)
 
(3
)
 
1
 
Insurance settlement gain
   
240
   
   
240
 
Other income (expense), net
   
1
   
(11
)
 
12
 
Total other income, net
 
$
332
 
$
68
 
$
264
 
 
Total other income increased by $264 thousand for the quarter ended June 30, 2007 compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2006, as shown above. The increase in interest income was due to higher rates earned on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. The increase in insurance settlement income resulted from a gain associated with the payment to the Company on a life insurance policy, because the death benefit to the Company exceeded the carrying cash surrender value of the policy.
 
Income Taxes
 
Income Tax Provision
 
The company recorded an income tax provisions of $725 thousand and $1.8 million for the quarter and nine months ended June 30, 2007, respectively, reflecting an effective income tax rate of 46% for the nine months ended June 30, 2007, compared to an income tax provision of $26 thousand and $251 thousand for the quarter and nine months ended June 30, 2006, respectively. Our effective rate was higher than the U.S. statutory rate due to the increased profitability in our European subsidiary in Germany. The tax expense in the quarter and nine months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 was due to the income generated by our US operations and our subsidiary in Germany, as well as for a deferred tax liability related to goodwill, which is not amortizable for financial statement purposes.
 
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we considered our taxable future earnings and the expected timing of the reversal of temporary differences. Accordingly, we have recorded a valuation allowance which reduces the gross deferred tax asset to an amount which we believe will more likely than not be realized. Our inability to project future profitability beyond fiscal year 2007 in the U.S. and cumulative losses incurred in recent years in the U.K. represent sufficient negative evidence under SFAS 109 to record a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets. Previously, we had recorded a full valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax assets due to our history of cumulative losses and our inability to reasonably project whether or not we would have future taxable income, primarily due to the erratic nature of our revenues in the Systems segment which primarily serves government customers. Late in fiscal 2006, we received a $17 million order from Raytheon that we have concluded will result in significant taxable income in fiscal 2007. Based on this order, we concluded that it was more likely than not that we would generate sufficient taxable income in the U.S. in 2007 in order to realize an estimated $1.4 million of deferred tax assets for the year ended September 30, 2006. We recognized this benefit in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2006 through a reduction of the valuation allowance previously established against our net U.S. deferred tax assets, consisting primarily of inventory temporary differences and net operating loss carryforwards. We maintained a full valuation allowance against our U.K. deferred tax assets as we have experienced continued cumulative losses and do not have any indication that the operation will be profitable in the future to utilize any of our net operating loss carryforwards. To the extent that actual experience deviates from our assumptions, our projections would be affected and hence our assessment of realizability of our deferred tax asset may change.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Our primary source of liquidity is our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, which increased by approximately $3.2 million to approximately $14.0 million as of June 30, 2007, as compared to approximately $10.9 million as of September 30, 2006. In the nine months ended June 30, 2007, we generated approximately $2.7 million of cash from operating activities compared to $577 thousand in the same period of the prior fiscal year. The significant change in net cash provided from operating activities was primarily due to net income of $2.1 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 versus net income of $443 thousand for the same period of fiscal 2006. Working capital items which were significant uses of cash in the nine months ended June 30, 2007 were an increase in accounts receivable of $1.8 million, related primarily to billings in our Services and Systems Integration segment, and an increase in inventory of approximately $2.0 million, related primarily to the build up of inventory for the Raytheon contract in the MultiComputer segment. Working capital items that were significant sources of cash consisted of an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of approximately $1.6 million, and increases in accrued and deferred taxes of approximately $1.7 million. Additional operating sources of cash were depreciation and amortization of approximately $0.5 million and stock option expense under SFAS 123R of approximately $0.3 million.
 
22

 
In investing activities, $0.4 million was used to purchase property, plant and equipment for the nine months ended June 30, 2007 versus $0.4 million in the comparable period of fiscal 2006. Additionally, we used $3.8 million to purchase short-term investments and generated $2.6 million in cash from sales of short-term investments during the nine month period ended June 30, 2007 versus purchases and sales of short-term investments of $1.9 million and $2.1, respectively for the nine months ended June 30, 2006.
 
We generated approximately $0.6 million from financing activities during the nine months ended June 30, 2007 compared to $59 thousand during the prior comparable period. The cash provided in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 consisted of proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options totaling approximately $0.4 and stock issued pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plan of approximately $0.2 million.
 
Effects of foreign currency exchange rate changes provided approximately $0.4 million in cash for the nine months ended June30, 2007 versus a reduction in cash of approximately $0.4 million for the prior fiscal year six month period ended June 30, 2006.
 
If cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy working capital requirements, we may need to access funds through bank loans, sale of securities or other means. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise any such capital on terms acceptable to us, on a timely basis or at all. If we are unable to secure additional financing, we may not be able to complete development or enhancement of products, take advantage of future opportunities, respond to competition or continue to effectively operate our business.
 
Based on our current plans and business conditions management believes that our available cash and investments and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to provide for our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the foreseeable future.
 
Inflation and Changing Prices
 
Management does not believe that inflation and changing prices had significant impact on sales, revenues or income from continued operations during the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006. There is no assurance that our business will not be materially and adversely affected by inflation and changing prices in the future.
 
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
There was no material change in our exposure to market risk during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2007.
 
23


Item 4. Controls and Procedures
 
We evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of June 30, 2007. Our chief executive officer, our chief financial officer, and other members of our senior management team supervised and participated in this evaluation. Based on the evaluation, because we have not completely remediated previously identified internal control weakness, which are detailed below, we concluded that we did not maintain effective controls over the preparation and disclosure of our consolidated financial statements as of that date. These control deficiencies led to (1) the delay in the filing of our 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and (2) the delay in the filing of our Form 10-Q for the Quarter Ended December 31, 2006, as detailed in our 2006 Form 10-K for reasons described below. It should be noted that management is in the process of remediating these internal control weaknesses, and anticipates completing such remediation by the end of its fiscal year ending September 30, 2007.
 
In our 2004 and 2005 Annual Reports on Forms 10-K, we disclosed that we did not have adequate staffing and experience in our finance group to control the increased transaction activity, address non-routine accounting matters, and manage the financial reporting complexities resulting from the acquisition of Technisource and that this matter was considered a material weakness in internal control.
 
In 2005 and during 2006, we took steps to address this weakness. During the year end reporting of the 2006 Form 10-K, the following issues were noted : 1) the Modcomp Systems and Solutions Division experienced difficulties at the end of our fourth quarter with respect to revenue recognition, accounts payable and the related period end cutoff, and 2) in the corporate financial reporting process, the calculation of the tax provision and related deferred assets and liabilities at the end of our fourth quarter also contributed to the delay in issuing the financial statements.
 
Accordingly, management determined that these issues are indicative of control deficiencies that constitute a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a control deficiency or a combination of control deficiencies that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected
 
Management has taken or is taking the following actions to address the weaknesses; (1) the Company added a Vice President of Finance/Chief Accounting Officer, which will enhance our management group experience and capabilities in the areas of technical accounting and internal controls over financial reporting. These enhanced capabilities extend to both corporate accounting functions, and increased oversight of the Modcomp Systems and Solutions Division. Management has determined that these enhancements, combined with additional remediation steps detailed herein, will be sufficient to remediate the internal control deficiencies experienced in the Modcomp Systems and Solutions Division, thereby alleviating the need to add a chief financial officer for the Division, which had been previously contemplated, (2) establishing strong internal controls over the procurement and fulfillment cycles at Modcomp Systems and Solutions division during 2007 and (3) the Company has acquired certain information technology solutions and/or outsourced certain functions to increase the accuracy, efficiency and timeliness of the financial reporting process including the calculation of the tax provision. The implementation of these improvements is expected to be completed in fiscal 2007. The Audit Committee has reviewed all of the matters discussed above and have been actively assessing the plan to improve our controls and procedures. The Committee will continue to monitor the situation and expects to take such further actions as are needed.
 
The effectiveness of a system of disclosure controls and procedures is subject to various inherent limitations, including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of internal controls, and fraud. Due to such inherent limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and procedures will be successful in preventing all errors or fraud, or in making all material information known in a timely manner to appropriate levels of management.
 
During the first nine months of fiscal 2007, the Company has added a Vice President of Finance/Chief Accounting Officer to its corporate accounting staff. As stated above, management believes that the addition of this newly created position has added to the Company’s capabilities in the areas of technical accounting and internal controls over financial reporting. Management believes that the addition of this position is reasonably likely to materially improve the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. There were no other changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting, however, management continues to work towards implementing the actions referred to above to address the identified control weaknesses.
 
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
 Item 6.  
 Exhibits
 
Number
 
Description
  3.1
 
Articles of Organization and amendments thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 1990)
     
  3.2
 
By-Laws, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Form 10-K for the year ended August 25, 1995)
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
     
 
CSP INC.
     
Date: August 8, 2007
By:
/s/ ALEXANDER R. LUPINETTI
 
 
Alexander R. Lupinetti
 
 
Chief Executive Officer,
 
 
President and Chairman
     
     
Date: August 8, 2007
By:
/s/ GARY W. LEVINE
 
 
Gary W. Levine
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
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Exhibit Index
 
Number
 
Description
3.1
 
Articles of Organization and amendments thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 1990)
     
3.2
 
By-Laws, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Form 10-K for the year ended August 25, 1995)
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
27